In the 21st century with the industrial era 4.0, teachers and students are required to be technology literate. Then, the Covid-19 that emerged at the end of 2019 greatly affected the education sector. One of the chemistry materials in class XI in exact fields that are quite difficult to understand is thermochemistry because it is abstract. Learning models that guide students to learn independently, such as the Project Based Learning (PjBL) model are needed. The purpose of this study was to develop electronic teaching materials in the form of project-based Electronic Student Worksheets (e-SW) on thermochemical materials and to test their validity and practicality. Project-based e-SW on thermochemical materials was developed using the Plomp development model. The results of the material and media validation analysis were calculated using the Aiken's V formula and the results of the practicality analysis were calculated using the percentage of practicality. The results of material and media validation are 0.88 and 0.89 with very valid categories. The results of the practicality of students in the small group were 89.86% in the very practical category, while the practical results of students and teachers in the field test were 87.21% and 89.03% in the very practical category.

This study aims to determine the validity of discovery learning-based E-modules integrated with video demonstrations on chemical equilibrium material for high school students. The type of research conducted was research and development (R & D) with the Plomp development model. This study involved six chemistry lecturers at the Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences and the Faculty of Engineering, Padang State University, two high school chemistry teachers from SMAN 7 Padang and MAN 3 Payakumbuh, and involved XI grade students in each school. The data collection technique used was a questionnaire. The research data was processed using Aiken's V formula. Based on the research results, the e-module was in the "valid" category with a value of 0.86

Chemical concepts are not only taught abstractly by the teacher, but students also need to do it independently to better understand, of course, with the help of the teacher. So it is necessary to intervene in learning such as the right way in learning the right way. The purpose of this study was to demonstrate the effect of implementing a guided discovery learning model with the SETS approach with the help of a chemistry module on the scientific skills of SMA Negeri 1 Padang class XI students. The method of this study uses a quasi-experimental type of study, and the study design used is a randomized control group test-only design. The subject of this study is all students in class XI SMA Negeri 1 Padang, who are actively enrolled in 2021/202, which consists of seven classes. Groups of research populations are grouped using random sampling techniques. Multiple-choice test equipment/2-step literacy is based on up to 20 items. Technical analysis of data in this study is quantitative data analysis by testing hypotheses using the average analysis of the similarity test of 2 groups of unpaired samples (independent). The results of the hypothesis test, namely tcount> ttable, determined that the research hypothesis was accepted. This means that the implementation of a guided discovery learning model with the SETS approach supported by the Chemistry E module will have a significant impact on the scientific abilities of Class XI students in SMA Negeri 1 Padang

This research is to create a practical guide alternative based environment forsenior high school students and determine the validity, practicality, and effectivity level of the practical guide itself. The type of this research is Research and Development (R & D). The development model used in this research is the Plomp model which consists of three phases: preliminary research, prototyping phase, and assessment phase. The research instrumentis questionnaire of validity, practicality, and effectivity sheet. Practical guide alternative-based environment validated by 4 validators and tested to 17 students of class XII IPA 3 SMAN 1 Rambatan and 29 students of class XI IPA 4 SMA N 1 Kec. Guguak of the academic year 2017/2018. The moment kappa of validity was 0.79. The practicality level of the teacher's response questionnaire was 0.84. Based on the questionnaire of student response, the value of moment kappa is 0,77 in SMAN 1 Rambatanand and 0,90 in SMAN 1 Kec.Guguak with high category practicality for small group test and moment kappa value is 0,81 in SMAN 1 Rambatan and 0,84 in SMAN 1 Kec. guguak with the highest category practicality on the field test. The effectivity level of the teacher's response questionnaire was 0,89. Based on the questionnaire of student response, the value of momen kappa is 0,76. The results of the research can be concluded that the practical guide alternative based environmentfor senior high school students has a high validity category, highest practicality category, high effectivity category from students, and highest effectivity from teachers.

Chemical equilibrium is an abstract chemical material that includes concepts and calculations. The purpose of this study was to develop and produce chemical equilibrium electronic student worksheets based on guided discovery learning to improve students’ critical thinking skills and fulfill the criteria for validity and practicality. This research and development use the Plomp model which consist of three stages, namely the preliminary research phase, prototyping phase, and the assessment phase. The validity and practicality of the teaching materials developed were obtained through research instruments in the form of validation and practicality questionnaires. Validation was carried out by 6 material expert validators and three media expert validators while practicality was carried out by 40 students of 11thgrade high school students and three chemistry teachers. The data analysis technique used is Aiken’s V technique for validity and the percentage technique for practicality. The results of the analysis of the material expert validation and media expert validation data based on the average Aiken’s V value showed a result of 0.84 and 0.89 with a very valid category. The results of the practicality of the electronic student worksheets were 84.87 and 92.11 with a very high category

Creative thinking skills can train and develop thinking processes in finding new ideas and ideas to solve chemical problems and problems through discovery, exploration, experimentation, showing and demonstrating similarities, differences, and consistency. Therefore, it is necessary to update what has been learned, such as choosing the right strategy. This study aims to demonstrate the effect of implementing a guided discovery learning model using a SETS approach supported by the chemical Young's modulus on the creative thinking skills of students in the SMAN 1 Padang XI class. The method used was a quasi-experimental study with a randomized control group posttest-only design. The population of this study is all SMAN 1 Padang Class XI students enrolled in the 2021/2022 academic year, which includes 7 classes. A study population is grouped using random sampling techniques. The non-testing tools used were the Student Profile Assessment Form and the Creativity Assessment Criteria. The data analysis technique in this study was quantitative data analysis, testing hypotheses by using two unpaired samples in the mean similarity test analysis tcount> ttable. The result of the hypothesis test indicates that the research hypothesis is accepted. This means that the implementation of the Guided Discovery Learning Model using the SETS approach supported by the Electrochemistry module has had a significant impact on the creative thinking skills of students in Class XI at SMA 1 Negeri Padang

The type of research used is Educational Design Research with the Plomp development model. The Plomp development model consists of 3 stages, namely; the preliminary research, the prototype phase, and the assessment phase. The research instruments used are; student observation sheets, teacher interview sheets, validity questionnaire sheets, practicality questionnaire sheets, and student learning outcomes tests. The e-module was validated by 5 validators. The results of the e-module validity test were analyzed using the Aiken's V formula, while the practicality test results were analyzed using a Likert scale. The results of the validity of the e-module obtained an average Aiken's V of 0.85 with a valid category and has a CVR value of 1  with a valid category. The results of the practicality of the e-module by teachers and students obtained an average practicality value of 98% and 84% with a very practical practicality category. The results of the e-module effectiveness test obtained an average N-Gain value for the experimental class of 0.63 with a medium category. Based on the research results, it can be concluded that the problem-based learning e-module electrolyte and nonelectrolyte solution integrated demonstration video and scientific literacy that has been developed is valid, practical, and effective.

The purpose of this research is to develop a powerpoint media for oxidation and reduction reactions based on quided inquiry learning towards high-level thinking abilities of X-grade Senior High School students. The model used is the RND (Research and Development) development model with the 4D method, namely the stages of definition (Define), design (Design), development (Develop) and dissemination (Disseminate). The limitation of this research is only up to the development stage. This development assessment is valid and practical. There are two categories of validation, namely material validation with content, construct, linguistic and graphic validation elements, while media expert validation uses display and media elements. Elements of practice can be seen from the questionnaire conducted by 36 students and 2 teachers. The results of this study are powerpoint media that meet valid and practical criteria, so that they can be used for learning oxidation and reduction reactions to high-level thinking skills in senior high school