No abstract

DOI to the publisher's website.• The final author version and the galley proof are versions of the publication after peer review.• The final published version features the final layout of the paper including the volume, issue and page numbers. Link to publication General rightsCopyright and moral rights for the publications made accessible in the public portal are retained by the authors and/or other copyright owners and it is a condition of accessing publications that users recognise and abide by the legal requirements associated with these rights.• Users may download and print one copy of any publication from the public portal for the purpose of private study or research. • You may not further distribute the material or use it for any profit-making activity or commercial gain • You may freely distribute the URL identifying the publication in the public portal.If the publication is distributed under the terms of Article 25fa of the Dutch Copyright Act, indicated by the "Taverne" license above, please follow below link for the End User Agreement:

A versatile resistive temperature sensor for Internet-of-Things is presented, based on an all-dynamic architecture. This allows efficient scaling of power with conversion rate, enables optional oversampling for an adaptable resolution, and provides efficient adaptability to different resistor values. A new double-sided measurement mode is proposed to compensate for offset, 1/f noise and nonidealities at system level. The sensor achieves a minimum power consumption of 174 pW at 1 S/s measurement rate, which scales up to 488.3 nW at 100 kS/s. It offers a nominal rms resolution of 0.61 • C and a resolution FoM as low as 1.82 pJ• • C 2 .

DOI to the publisher's website.• The final author version and the galley proof are versions of the publication after peer review.• The final published version features the final layout of the paper including the volume, issue and page numbers. Link to publication General rightsCopyright and moral rights for the publications made accessible in the public portal are retained by the authors and/or other copyright owners and it is a condition of accessing publications that users recognise and abide by the legal requirements associated with these rights.• Users may download and print one copy of any publication from the public portal for the purpose of private study or research. • You may not further distribute the material or use it for any profit-making activity or commercial gain • You may freely distribute the URL identifying the publication in the public portal.If the publication is distributed under the terms of Article 25fa of the Dutch Copyright Act, indicated by the "Taverne" license above, please follow below link for the End User Agreement:

published version features the final layout of the paper including the volume, issue and page numbers. Link to publication General rightsCopyright and moral rights for the publications made accessible in the public portal are retained by the authors and/or other copyright owners and it is a condition of accessing publications that users recognise and abide by the legal requirements associated with these rights.• Users may download and print one copy of any publication from the public portal for the purpose of private study or research. • You may not further distribute the material or use it for any profit-making activity or commercial gain • You may freely distribute the URL identifying the publication in the public portal.If the publication is distributed under the terms of Article 25fa of the Dutch Copyright Act, indicated by the "Taverne" license above, please follow below link for the End User

No abstract

Recent years have witnessed an improvement in the energy efficiency of capacitive sensor interfaces by more than three orders of magnitude. This paper reviews the architectural and circuit innovations that have contributed to this progress. The fundamental limit on the energy consumption of capacitive sensor interfaces is discussed, as well as the widely used figure-of-merit (FoM). Interfaces based on period modulation feature simple circuitry, but their power efficiency at higher resolution deteriorates. Those employing ΔΣ modulation achieve high resolution with improved efficiency but require operational transconductance amplifiers that do not easily scale with process and supply voltage. Interfaces using successive approximation techniques feature mostly digital circuitry achieving good power efficiency at medium resolution. To achieve higher resolution, they can also be employed as the front-end in a hybrid architecture, where a back-end based on ΔΣ modulation or a voltage-controlled oscillator (VCO) performs a fine measurement on the front-end's residue, resulting in high resolution and excellent energy efficiency simultaneously.

published version features the final layout of the paper including the volume, issue and page numbers. Link to publication General rightsCopyright and moral rights for the publications made accessible in the public portal are retained by the authors and/or other copyright owners and it is a condition of accessing publications that users recognise and abide by the legal requirements associated with these rights.• Users may download and print one copy of any publication from the public portal for the purpose of private study or research. • You may not further distribute the material or use it for any profit-making activity or commercial gain • You may freely distribute the URL identifying the publication in the public portal.If the publication is distributed under the terms of Article 25fa of the Dutch Copyright Act, indicated by the "Taverne" license above, please follow below link for the End User