-The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of 12 weeks of aerobic and resistance training on the maximal and submaximal cardiorespiratory fitness of young people with Down Syndrome (DS). Forty-one individuals of both sexes with Down syndrome (age, 15.51±2.70 y) were divided into three groups: CG (control group) with 10 participants; ATG group (aerobic training group) with 16 participants; and RTG (resistance training group) with 15 participants. The training program lasted 12 weeks, with frequency of 3 days a week for ATG and two RTG, and duration of 50 minutes per session. Aerobic training consisted of exercise on a treadmill/bike at intensity between 50 and 70% of reserve heart rate, while resistance training was composed of nine exercises performed on three sets of 12 maximum repetitions for each exercise. Aerobic and resistance training were not able to increase peak oxygen uptake. However, there was an increase in the maximum ventilation and a decrease of submaximal heart rate only for groups who participated in the training program. Moreover, the aerobic group increased work capacity after training. Training programs led to an improvement in cardiac efficiency during submaximal activities and increased maximum ventilation, which demonstrates a cardiorespiratory improvement Key words: Cardiorespiratory fitness; Down syndrome; Physical exercise. Down (idade,15,51±2.70
Resumo -Objetivou-se investigar o efeito de 12 semanas de treinamento aeróbio e resistido na capacidade cardiorrespiratória máxima e submáxima de jovens com Síndrome de Down (SD). Quarenta e um indivíduos de ambos os gêneros com Síndrome de
BackgroundCardiovascular diseases affect people worldwide. Individuals with Down Syndrome
(DS) have an up to sixteen-time greater risk of mortality from cardiovascular
diseases.ObjectiveTo evaluate the effects of aerobic and resistance exercises on blood pressure and
hemodynamic variables of young individuals with DS.MethodsA total of 29 young individuals with DS participated in the study. They were
divided into two groups: aerobic training (AT) (n = 14), and resistance training
(TR) (n = 15). Their mean age was 15.7 ± 2.82 years. The training program lasted
12 weeks, and had a frequency of three times a week for AT and twice a week for
RT. AT was performed in treadmill/ bicycle ergometer, at an intensity between
50%-70% of the HR reserve. RT comprised nine exercises with three sets of 12
repetition-maximum. Systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP),
mean blood pressure (MBP) and hemodynamic variables were assessed beat-to-beat
using the Finometer device before/after the training program. Descriptive
analysis, the Shapiro-Wilk test to check the normality of data, and the two-way
ANOVA for repeated measures were used to compare pre- and post-training variables.
The Pearson’s correlation coefficient was calculated to correlate hemodynamic
variables. The SPSS version 18.0 was used with the significance level set at p
< 0.05.ResultsAfter twelve weeks of aerobic and/or resistance training, significant reductions
in variables SBP, DBP and MBP were observed.ConclusionThis study suggests a chronic hypotensive effect of moderate aerobic and
resistance exercises on young individuals with DS.
The objective of this work is to describe and compare the behavior of cortisol in official wheelchair basketball matches according to the type of disability. This is a cross-sectional study in which 34 elite wheelchair basketball athletes were divided into three groups, based on disability (spinal cord injury, poliomyelitis, and amputation). Cortisol concentration (baseline, pre-, and post-game) and heart rate were analyzed in five official games. Heart rate data were stratified according to the Edwards method. Significant differences were observed in pre- and post-cortisol concentrations only for the amputated group. No significant correlations were found between cortisol variation and intensity ranges. Athletes with neurological damage were not responsive to wheelchair basketball in relation to salivary cortisol concentrations. The game intensity cannot be verified by the biomarker cortisol for all types of disabilities. It is necessary to pay attention to the energy availability for athletes with neurological injuries during the game and post-game recovery.
O objetivo do estudo foi verificar o efeito do treinamento resistido sobre a força muscular de jovens com Síndrome de Down (SD). Participaram 25 jovens SD, divididos em: Grupo controle (GC n=10) e Grupo treinamento resistido (GTR n=15). O treinamento teve duração de 12 semanas para o GTR, duas sessões semanais. Foram realizados antes e após o programa testes de 1-RM de remada alta e de cadeira extensora e teste de preensão manual. Foi feita estatística descritiva, comparações intra e entre grupos (teste t-Student) e correlação de Spearman. Os jovens apresentaram indicadores antropométricos preocupantes para uma boa saúde. O treinamento resistido provocou efeitos positivos na força muscular, sendo uma alternativa segura e benéfica para jovens com SD.
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