Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui jenis dan bagian tumbuhan bahan boreh  untuk   penyakit tuju  di Desa Taro, Kecamatan Tegallalang, Kabupaten Gianyar. Penelitian ini dilakukan di 14 Banjar dengan masing-masing banjar diambil 5 KK (Kepala Keluarga), total sampel 70 KK. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian: snowball sampling dan purposive sampling. Hasil penelitian didapatkan  38 jenis tumbuhan bahan boreh tuju, dalam 22 famili, jenis tumbuhan yang paling banyak digunakan dari famili Zingiberaceae (7 jenis), untuk pengobatan  6 jenis penyakit tuju yaitu tuju ayan, tuju desti, tuju moro, tuju gatal, tuju ucing-ucing, dan tuju windu. Bagian tumbuhan bahan boreh yaitu batang, bunga, buah, rimpang, umbi, daun, kulit batang, akar dan biji. Bagian yang paling banyak digunakan adalah  daun.

This study aims to determine the morphological character of white, red and black rice as a differentiator ofrice varieties. This research uses 10 rice samples which are 6 local rice of Kupang, 2 varieties of local superior riceand 2 Italian rice. The method used is direct observation of both qualitative and quantitative characteristics of rice.Long grain size of rice is a character that can indicate the distinguishing of local rice, domestic superior and ricefrom abroad. Character of rice morphology is a character very easily observed in knowing the difference of ricevarieties. Character of rice morphology are easily characters observed in knowing the difference of rice varieties.Characters difference can be used to determine the adulteration of rice mixed.

Abstract. Ratnani DA, Junitha IK, Kriswiyanti E, Dhana IN. 2021. The ethnobotany of Ngusaba ceremonial plant utilization by Tenganan Pegringsingan community in Karangasem, Bali, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 22: 2078-2087. Tenganan Pegringsingan is an ancient village in Bali, Indonesia, which often performs several ceremonies with high intensity. One of them is the Ngusaba ceremony, where many plants are utilized both in species and quantity. Hence, this study aimed to identify the species, family, local names, sources, and parts of plants, used for Ngusaba ceremonies by the Tenganan Pegringsingan community including the Index of Cultural Significance (ICS). Data analysis was qualitative and quantitative. Furthermore, the qualitative method was used to obtain data on the plants’ local names, while snowball sampling was applied to select key informants through in-depth interviews and moderate participation. The results showed that the 130 species distributed in 56 families mostly belonging to the purchased source (34.61%). The Poaceae is the largest family, while the most widely used part of the plant is the leaf. Based on the ICS analysis results, a range of 2-114 values was obtained. The highest value is Base (Piper betle L.) and kangkung (Ipomoea batatas L.) as lowest.

Keanekaragaman flora menjadi kekayaan hayati bagi kehidupan di alam. Penelitian bertujuan mengeksplorasi jenis dan manfaat tumbuhan di sekitar desa Mincidan agar dapat digunakan sebagai dasar pendidikan dan pengembangan ekowisata.   Metode deskriptif kualitatif dengan survei dan wawancara dengan penduduk desa dilakukan untuk melengkapi data yang dapat dikembangkan dalam rencana konservasi tanaman.  Ragam tanaman yang dijumpai di sepanjang rencana jalur trekking sepanjang 1,5 km tergolong pada tanaman obat, hias, buah, dan upakara.   Berdasarkan hasil survey, dapat diidentifikasi 102 jenis tumbuhan, 71 genera yang termasuk dalam 38 familia. Tanaman tersebut dapat dimanfaatkan untuk bahan upacara keagamaan dan obat tradisional.

Abstract. Arpiwi NL, Muksin IK, Kriswiyanti E. 2020. Essential oils from Vitex trifolia as an effective repellent for Aedes aegypti. Biodiversitas 21: 4536-4544. Vitex trifolia is a shrub or small tree grown wild from family Verbenaceae commonly found in the sandy shore habitat of the tropicals and sub-tropical countries. This research aims to measure the essential oils yield of V. trifolia leaves, to investigate the secretory cells of the leaf, and to measure repellent activity of the essential oils against Aedes aegypti. Leaves and soil samples were taken from Panjer, Sanur, and Sidakarya Villages of Denpasar, Bali Indonesia. Oil was extracted from fresh leaf samples using steam distillation. The essential oils were analyzed for its constituents using Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry. The leaf cross-sections were prepared using paraffin embedding method and stained with safranin. The essential oils of V. trifolia at different concentrations (0, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6% w/w) were formulated into lotions. The yield of essential oils was significantly different from the three locations. The main constituent of the oil was cis-ocimene. The essential oil yield was positively correlated with the sand content. The secretory structures of the leaf were idioblast and glandular trichome. Lotions formulated with the essential oils were soft, not greasy, and not sticky upon application to the skin and non-irritant. Lotions with 5 and 6% essential oils gave 100% protection for 3 hours from Ae. aegypti.

The aim of the research was to create genetic variation on garden balsam using oryzalin and Gamma radiation. Mutagenic agent may improve plant variation. Garden balsam seeds were treated by oryzalin (0%, 0.01%, 0.02%) then the seedlings were planted in the field four times to gain seeds generation M4. Seedlings of M4 (7 days of age) were radiated by gamma ray 60Co (0, 5, 10, 15 Gy) and planted in the field to collect seeds for in vitro study to induce a new type of mutant plant. In vitro methods was conducted to achieved rapid micropropagation of Impatiens balsamina L. mutant plants. Growth percentage of seedlings reached 90% by gibberellin 0.01 ppm. Leaf section used for explant and cultured in MS media enriched by 0.5 ppm NAA and 0.5 ppm BAP aseptically. Shoots were regenerated on 6 weeks after cultured however some shoots become vitrification. Number of chromosome varied (mixoploid) on treated plants (M5). Form of secondary metabolites ( alkaloids and terpenoids ) in the roots extract was not changed by oryzalin and gamma radiation. Mixoploid explants showed variation in morphology and some treatments only had little shoots and a treatment has vigorous roots. Control plants have shoot and callus.

Penelitian bertujuan mengetahui karakteristik morfologi, jumlah padi varietas lokal, hubungan kekerabatan, jenis hama dan gulma yang mengganggu siklus hidup padi varietas lokal di Desa Wongaya Gede, Kecamatan Penebel, Kabupaten Tabanan, Bali. Penelitian dilakukan di tiga subak (Piak, Keloncing dan Bedugul) yang terdapat di Desa Wongaya Gede dan di Laboratorium Struktur dan Perkembangan Tumbuhan, Jurusan Biologi, Fakultas Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam Universitas Udayana pada bulan Agustus 2015 hingga Januari 2016. Penelitian di lapangan meliputi pengamatan karakteristik morfologi tanaman padi varietas lokal dari fase pembibitan hingga panen (85 karakter), inventarisasi hama dan gulma serta faktor lingkungan yang mempengaruhi pertumbuhan tanaman padi varietas lokal. Penelitian di laboratorium yaitu uji viabilitas serbuk sari tanaman padi varietas lokal dengan uji warna 1% aniline blue dalam laktofenol. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan karakteristik padi varietas lokal di Desa Wongaya Gede dapat dilihat pada ciri morfologi batang, daun, bunga, gabah, beras, agronomi dan ciri anatomi, tipe bentuk dan viabilitas serbuk sari serta tipe endosperma. Terdapat eanam padi varietas lokal dan satu padi varietas unggul di Desa Wongaya Gede yang terbagi menjadi dua golongan yaitu golongan Indica (Mansur dan Ketan Beton) dan Javanica (Merah Cendana, Injin, Putih Cempaka, Ketan Tahun dan Jaka Selem).  Gulma yang mengganggu siklus hidup padi varietas lokal di Desa Wongaya Gede terbagi menjadi dua golongan yaitu golongan teki (sedges) dan golongan berdaun lebar (broad leaves). Hama yang mengganggu siklus hidup padi varietas lokal di Desa Wongaya Gede terbagi menjadi tiga golongan yaitu golongan mamalia (hewan menyusui), golongan aves (burung) dan golongan insecta (serangga).

Fusarium oxysporum Schlecht et Fr. merupakan patogen tular tanah yang dapat menyebabkan layu fusarium pada cabai rawit. Penggunaan Fungi Mikoriza Arbuskula (FMA) sebagai simbion dapat meningkatkan ketahanan tanaman terhadap infeksi jamur pathogen F.oxysporum. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh FMA sebagai biokontrol pertumbuhan tanaman cabai rawit terhadap infeksi F. oxysprum serta efektivitas pemberian FMA untuk menurunkan intensitas serangan penyakit layu fusarium. Bibit cabai rawit ditumbuhkan pada media tanah steril (kontrol negatif), tanah steril dan 10 ml patogen (kontrol positif), tanah steril dan FMA 100 g, FMA 100 g dan 10 ml patogen,  tanah steril dan 200 g FMA, FMA 200 g dan 10 ml patogen, tanah steril dan 300 g FMA dan 10 ml patogen. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pemberian 200 g spora FMA menunjukkan pengaruh berbeda nyata pada tinggi tanaman, jumlah daun, berat kering akar dan berat kering tajuk tanaman cabai rawit berumur tiga bulan. Sedangkan inokulasi 300 g FMA memberikan hasil terbaik pada buah cabai dan persentase kolonisasi FMA sebesar 84, 45%. Inokulasi 300 g FMA menurunkan infeksi F. oxysporum saat 30 Hari Setelah Tanam (HST) sebesar 3.36%. Kesimpulan dari riset ini menunjukkan inokulasi FMA Glomus spp.  mampu meningkatkan tinggi tanaman, jumlah daun, berat kering akar dan berat kering tajuk, kecepatan berbunga dan ketahanan tanaman terhadap infeksi jamur F. oxysporum.