The existence of mole crabs had been reported from the southern coast of Central Java. However, no mole crab data was available from the northern coast Central Java. This study aimed to figure out the existence of mole crabs in the northern coast of Central Java as revealed from the cytochrome c oxidase 1 (COI) barcoding. Mole crabs samples collected in Sendang Sikucing Beach Kendal. Taxonomic status of the samples was inferred from sequences similarity test using basic local alignment search tool to conspecific sequence deposited in GenBank. Pairwise genetic distances were calculated based on the Kimura 2-parameter model. A phylogenetic tree had reconstructed in molecular evolution genetic analysis (MEGA) software based on neighbor-joining algorithm. Branching reliability was obtained from 1000 bootstraps replication while branching polarity was obtained from the out-group comparison. The mole crab samples from the northern coast of Central Java had unambiguously identified as Emerita emeritus based on high sequences similarities (98.27%-99.70%), low genetic distances (0.002-0.005), and their monophyly with Emerita emeritus (KR047035) in GenBank. Pairwise analysis among each possibility pair of samples had genetic distances ranged between 0.000 and 0.005, indicated that all sample belong to single species. The data provide the first record of the existence of Emerita emeritus in the northern coast of Central Java. Our data on the existence of E. emeritus in the northern coast of Central Java is among essentials information as a scientific basis in creating policy for the management of sustainable use of the mole crabs in the areas.
Taxonomic status of Anguilla species in the rivers of Cilacap is vital for further study, such as population genetics and evolutionary history. Taxonomic status, population genetic, and evolutionary histories of Anguilla can be assessed using single genetic marker, such as cytochrome oxidase 1 gene. This study aimed to determine taxonomic status, genetic diversity and connectivity, and evolutionary history of Anguilla populations in the rivers of Cilacap. Anguilla samples were collected from Doplang-Serayu and Segara Anakan watersheds. Sequence homology test to the conspecific sequence in GenBank proved that all samples from Doplang-Serayu watershed were genetically identified as Anguilla bicolor (98.23 to 100% homology). The decision was supported by monophyly between samples and their conspecific references. Anguilla bicolor from both watersheds had high haplotype (gene) diversity. Amova and Fst analysis proved that no genetic difference (p=0.623) was observed between Doplang-Serayu and Segara Anakan watersheds, indicated panmixing. Haplotype network proved that both populations were evolved from two primitive ancestors. This study concluded that Anguilla bicolor was the only freshwater eel observed in the rivers of Cilacap. Anguilla bicolor in the rivers of Cilacap has high genetic diversity but no genetic differentiation was observed among populations. Anguilla bicolor population in the rivers of Cilacap evolved from two primitive ancestors.
<p>Aktivitas kelompok wanita tani Desa Dawuhan Kulon Kecamatan Kedungbanteng Kabupaten Banyumas, selama ini adalah bercocok tanam padi, tanaman sayuran dan tanaman hias. Mulai tahun 2020 desa tersebut sedang menggalakkan program budidaya ikan, Kepala Desa menghendaki agar kelompok wanita tani terlibat dalam kegiatan itu. Tujuan pelatihan dan pendampingan ini adalah memberikan pengetahuan dan keterampilan kepada kelompok tersebut dalam pembenihan ikan Nila dan Nilem. Metode yang digunakan partisipatif yang direalisasikan dalam bentuk pelatihan, dengan tahapan kegiatan: 1) persiapan, 2) pelaksanaan kegiatan (knowledge transfer, praktik, pembuatan demplot), 3) monitoring dan evaluasi, 4) pendampingan. Hasil yang diperoleh adalah anggota kelompok wanita tani berhasil memproduksi benih ikan Nila dengan cara pemijahan alami dan memproduksi benih ikan Nilem melalui pijah induksi. Keberhasilan dalam memijahkan tersebut mengindikasikan bahwa anggota kelompok wanita tani di Desa Dawuhan Kulon telah bertambah pengetahuan dan keterampilannya dalam melakukan pembenihan ikan air tawar.</p>
Abstract. Winarni ET, Simanjuntak SBI, Nuryanto A. 2023. DNA barcoding of crustacean larvae with two new records of Caridina gracilipes and Ptychognathus altimanus in the Western Region of Segara Anakan lagoon in Indonesia. Biodiversitas 24: 341-348. Several studies have been carried out on crustacean larvae diversity, but they focused on the eastern and central regions of the Segara Anakan lagoon/estuary, Cilacap District, Central Java Province, Indonesia. Furthermore, one study has explored crustaceans in the western region but focused on adult individuals and used morphological characteristics. Currently, there is no internet data on the crustacean larvae diversity from the estuary's western region, and there is a high possibility that some species are unidentified. This study aims to describe crustacean larvae diversity in the western region of the Segara Anakan lagoon in Indonesia by using DNA barcoding. Sequence divergence of 3% to databases in GenBank and BOLDsystems was used as a genetic threshold for species border. A total of 14 morphotypes were barcoded, but only nine were successful, of which three were identified as bacteria and six as crustaceans. Based on the predetermined genetic threshold, all crustacean morphotypes can be identified at the species level, and six species were obtained. Meanwhile, a previous study on the adult individual only identified specimens at the genus level, and only one genus was similar to these obtained results. A total of 5 out of 6 species were new records to the western region Cilacap, while 2, namely Caridina gracilipes and Ptychognathus altimanus, are newly recorded in the Segara Anakan lagoon. These results contribute significantly to the information on crustacea larvae diversity, which is essential for sustainable management.
Chaetodon auriga and Chaetodon vagabundus are popular marine aquaria fish from Cahetodontidae family. Both species show subtle morphological variations, especially in juvenile stages, which might lead to misidentification. Additional morphological characteristics, such as truss morphometric, are valuable characters for species identification in Chaetodontidae. This study aimed to evaluate morphological differences between Chaetodon auriga and C. vagabundus based on truss morphometric characters. The study is expected to provide new morphometric characters for Chaetodon auriga and C. vagabundus differentiation on the southern coast of West Java, Indonesia. Fish samples were collected from Ujunggenteng and Taman Manalusu Beach. The specimens were identified based on morphological characteristics and referred to the characters available in the literature. Truss morphometric characters were measured using callipers with an accuracy of 0.01mm and convert to ratio values to obtain constant value. The data were analyzed statistically using the Mann-Whitney test in SPSS software packages. The result showed that five truss morphometric characters were significantly different between C. auriga and C.vagabundus. This study concluded that C. auriga and C. vagabundus could be differentiated using truss morphometric character. This study provides five new morphometric characters for species differentiation in fish species, especially between C. auriga and C. vagabundus.
Information on the existence of Parathelpusa spp crabs in the Banjaran River, Banyumas Regency is still very limited, so research is needed on this matter. The aim of this study was to identify and describe species richness, sex proportion, distribution, and abundance. Sampling was taken by Cluster Random Sampling, from 5 selected stations, repeated 7 times, an interval of 2 weeks, in the period August-November 2021. Samples were taken using a hand net, fresh and brought to the laboratory for identification. The physicochemical conditions measured were air temperature, water temperature, pH, dissolved oxygen and current velocity. The richness and abundance of Parathelpusa spp species obtained was calculated based on the number of species and individuals obtained, while their presence at each station became the basis for calculating the longitudinal distribution. Correlation between physico-chemical factors of the river with species richness and abundance was analyzed using Principal Component Analysis (PCA). During the study, 158 crabs were obtained consisting of Parathelpusa convexa and P. bogorensis. Both species were found at all sampling sites and P. convexa dominated the catch. Overall and in several locations, the number of male crabs caught was higher. The existence of each species in the Banjaran River is influenced by different physicochemical factors. P. convexa is affected by bottom substrate, air temperature, and current speed, while P. Bogorensi is affected by water depth, bottom substrate, and DO. These results can be used as a reference in selecting habitats to find P. convexa and P. bogorensis in river waters.
Salah satu bentuk ekosistem air tawar yang merupakan habitat dari berbagai organisme adalah sungai. Sungai Mengaji merupakan sungai yang bersumber dari lereng selatan Gunung Slamet. Sungai selalu mengalami perubahan faktor fisika, kimia, dan biologi. Penurunan kualitas air sungai sangat berdampak terhadap distribusi dan sex ratio udang Macrobrachium pilimanus di Sungai Mengaji. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui distribusi dan sex ratio udang M. pilimanus di Sungai Mengaji. Penelitian dilakukan dengan metode survai untuk penentuan stasiun dan purposive random sampling untuk pengambilan sampel. Sampel yang didapatkan kemudian diidentifikasi dan diukur menggunakan metode morfometri. Penelitian dilakukan antarabulan Juni-Agustus 2020. Data distribusi udang dianalisis menggunakan uji “F” dengan SPSS 2016, sedangkan sex ratio udang di analisis menggunakan rumus sex ratio dari metode Kao dan Liu. Hasil dari penelitian ini ditemukan bahwa distribusi udang M. pilimanus di Sungai Mengaji Banyumas yaitu tidak merata antarstasiun. Distribusinya ditemukan paling tinggi pada Stasiun IV, sedangkan udang betinanya ditemukan paling tinggi pada Stasiun II. Perbandingan jenis kelamin atau sex ratio udang M. pilimanus di Sungai Mengaji Banyumas tidak seimbang dan didominasi oleh betina. Sex ratio-nya ditemukan paling tinggi pada pada Stasiun II.
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