PURPOSE:To evaluate the effects of copaiba oil on the correction of abdominal defect treated with the use of polypropylene/ polyglecaprone mesh in rats. METHODS:A defect in the abdominal wall was created and corrected with polypropylene/polyglecaprone mesh in 36 rats. They were randomly distributed into three groups: control, copaiba by oral administration (gavage) and copaiba oil dip in the mesh. Euthanasia was performed after seven, 14 and 21 post-operative days. The healing process was analyzed regarding the meshes and macroscopic and microscopic aspects. RESULTS:All animals had abdominal adhesions, which were smaller in the copaiba (gavage) group (p<0.05). In microscopy, all animals had an acute inflammation stage and the inflammatory response was best characterized by foreign body-type granulomas around the mesh fragments, which was not found in the mesh fragments within the copaiba dip group. There was a greater area of necrosis and fibrosis in the copaiba dip group compared to the control group (p<0.05). The copaiba (gavage) group had a greater quantity of collagen fibers compared to the control group. CONCLUSION:Copaiba oil administered by gavage decreased the amount of abdominal adhesions, besides accelerating the process of collagen fibers formation, without damages within the early stages of healing. However, when used by dip directly on the mesh, it had corrosive effects compromising the healing process of the abdominal wall.

Objective: to develop a model of training in video-surgery, of low cost and that uses a smartphone as an image-generating source. Methods: We developed a 38cm high, 40cm wide, 40cm long hexagonal-shaped training box, with a front opening of 12x8 cm for coupling the smartphone. The internal illumination is made with LED lamps and for the support of the smartphone, we used a selfie stick, fixed in the upper part of the box, that allows control of height, distance, angulation, and the coupling of devices with different formats. We selected 20 undergraduate students without previous training in video-surgery, who performed four exercises in the box, with assessment of the time and amount of errors in the execution of the tasks. Each student completed the training for three consecutive weeks. We collected the data in spreadsheets for later analysis. Results: Nineteen students completed the training program, with significant improvement in the times and in the number of errors. Conclusion: the developed model was feasible and promoted the acquisition of skills in this group of students. In addition, it presents low cost, is portable and uses common equipment, such as smartphones.

Background: The use of meshes in hernia surgical repair promoted revolution in the surgical area; however, some difficulties had come, such as a large area of fibrosis, greater postoperative pain and risk of infection. The search for new substances that minimize these effects should be encouraged. Medicinal plants stand out due possible active ingredients that can act on these problems. Aim: To check the copaiba oil influence in the repair of abdominal defects in rats corrected with Vicryl(c) mesh. Method: Twenty-four Wistar rats were submitted to an abdominal defect and corrected with Vicryl(c) mesh. They were distributed into two groups: control and copaíba via gavage, administered for seven days after surgery. The analysis of the animals took place on 8, 15 and 22 postoperative days. It analyzed the amount of adhesions and microscopic analysis of the mesh. Results: There was no statistical difference regarding the amount of adhesions. All animals had signs of acute inflammation. In the control group, there were fewer macrophages in animals of the 8th compared to other days and greater amount of necrosis on day 8 than on day 22. In the copaiba group, the number of gigantocytes increased compared to the days analyzed. Conclusion: Copaiba oil showed an improvement in the inflammatory response accelerating its beginning; however, did not affect the amount of abdominal adhesions or collagen fibers.

Mesenteric cyst is a rare abdominal disease, with a higher incidence among women and 1: 250.000 incidence among hospitalized adults and 1: 200.000 among hospitalized children. Thereby, we report a case of a 10 years old child, male, presenting a large mesenteric cyst, which occupied almost all the abdominal and pelvic cavities and treated by resection during laparotomy.

This study presents a local streaming video system of live surgeries to smartphones and tablets and shows its educational utility, low cost, and simple usage, which offers convenience and satisfactory image resolution, thus being potentially applicable in surgical teaching.

ResumoConsiderando-se que o segredo médico é característica moral obrigatória da medicina e pilar da relação mé-dico-paciente, e o pensamento ético do médico o reflexo de sua formação acadêmica, viu-se a necessidade de pesquisar o conhecimento ético do estudante de Resumen El secreto y la confidencialidad de la relación médico-paciente: el conocimiento y la opinión ética del estudiante de medicina Considerando que el secreto médico es una característica moral obligatoria de la medicina y el pilar de la relación médico-paciente y el pensamiento ético del médico, el reflejo de su formación académica, se vio la necesidad de investigar el conocimiento ético de los estudiantes de medicina de la Universidad del Estado de Pará. El estudio se caracteriza por un cuestionario con situaciones en las que el alumno debe juzgar en cuales la confidencialidad puede ser rota. También se preguntó si estos hubieran leído el Código de Ética Médica y el juramento de Hipócrates. Fueron entrevistados 207 estudiantes de medicina, del 1 er a 4 o año de la Universidad del Estado de Pará, Brasil. Se observó que 25 estudiantes mostraron el dominio de la confidencialidad médica, 135 poseían pobre conocimiento y 27 mostraron desconocimiento del tema. Es de fundamental importancia la formación y la orientación ética de los estudiantes de medicina, para formar graduados capaces de rendir culto, practicar y respetar el sigilo del paciente. Palabras-clave: Sigilo. Ética médica. Confidencialidad. Educación médica. Abstract Secrecy and cconfidentiality in the doctor-patient relationship: ethical knowledge and opinion of medical students Given that the medical secrecy is a moral characteristic of medicine and basis of the doctor-patient relationship, and the physician's ethical thought reflect their academic background, it was necessary to research the ethical knowledge of medical students at the University of Para State. The study is characterized by a questionnaire with situations where the student should judge situations in which confidentiality could be broken. It was also asked whether they had read the Code of Medical Ethics and the Hippocratic Oath. 207 medical students were interviewed, from 1 st to 4 th year of University of the State of Para. It was observed that 25 students showed high-knowledge about medical confidentiality, with 135 as regular-knowledge and 27 showed low-knowledge about the issue. The ethical orientation to medical students becomes extremely important seeking to have graduates capable of practicing and respecting the patient confidentiality.

PURPOSE:To investigate the effects of copaiba oil on the hepatic damage induced by paracetamol.METHODS Thirty six rats were distributed into six study groups (N=6): control group, that didn't receive the acetaminophen; Acetaminophen Group, that only received the acetaminophen; Prophylactic Copaiba Group 1, that received copaiba oil two hours before the acetaminophen; Prophylactic Copaiba Group 7, that received copaiba oil seven days, once by day, before the acetaminophen; Therapy Copaiba Group, that received the copaiba oil two hours afther the acetaminophen; and N-Acetyl-Cysteine Group, , that received the N-Acetyl-Cysteine two hours afther the acetaminophen. Euthanasia was performed after 24 hours. The serum levels of AST, ALT, alkaline phosphatase, GT, total bilirubin, direct bilirubin and indirect bilirubin and histological analisis were analized. RESULTS:The prophylactic copaiba group 7, therapy copaiba group and N-Acetyl-Cysteine Group showed amounts of AST and ALT similar to the control group; and the prophylactic copaiba group 1 showed similar levels to the acetaminophen group. There was no significant difference between the groups regarding the amount of alkaline phosphatase and GT (p>0.05). The therapy copaiba group showed the highest levels of bilirubin and was statistically different from the other groups (p<0.01) and this increased the costs of direct bilirubin. Regarding histopathology, the oil of copaiba administered prophylactic or therapeutic form for 7 days could decrease the amount of necrosis and inflammatory infiltrate. CONCLUSION:Copaiba oil administered prophylactically for seven days, and therapeutic could reduce liver damage caused by paracetamol similarly N-Acetyl-Cysteine, however, when treated with copaiba therapeutically showed increases in bilirubin, costs increasing fraction indirect.

OBJETIVO: Analisar os resultados de colangiografias peroperatórias (CPO), realizadas sistematicamente durante colecistectomias videolaparoscópicas (CVL). MÉTODO: No período de janeiro de 1998 a dezembro de 1999, foram realizadas CVL em 250 pacientes não selecionados, 65 (26%) do sexo masculino e 185 (74%) do sexo feminino, independente da presença ou não de sinais clínicos, laboratoriais, ultra-sonográficos ou de outros métodos diagnósticos, indicativos de coledocolitíase ou outras doenças da via biliar principal. RESULTADOS: A CPO pôde ser realizada em 237 (94,6%) pacientes. Foram encontradas 31 (13%) alterações, entre as quais seis (2,5%) casos de coledocolitíase e 25 (10,5%) casos de anomalias anatômicas. CONCLUSÃO: A CPO, durante a CVL, mostrou-se um procedimento seguro, sem complicações relacionadas ao exame, definindo a anatomia, prevenindo as lesões biliares e permitindo a detecção de coledocolitíase insuspeitada.