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The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of buserelin injection on day 12 postinsemination on fertility in lactating dairy cattle. A total of 57 cows were assigned to two groups and four subgroups. In the treatment group, the cows were synchronized with PGF 2α -PGF 2α (group A) or GnRH-PGF 2α (group B) protocol, and buserelin was injected on day 12 postinsemination. Cows in the control group were synchronized with PGF 2α -PGF 2α (group C) or GnRH-PGF 2α (group D) protocol, saline solution was injected on day 12, and served as controls. Pregnancy rates on day 21 and 45 and embryonic death rates were 85.7%, 71.4% and 16.7%, 85.7%, 85.7% and 0.0%, 73.3%, 62.1% and 27.3% and 85.7%, 71.4% and 16.7% in groups A, B, C and D, respectively. There was no significant difference between synchronization protocols for pregnancy rates, and among groups A, B, C and D for pregnancy rates and embryonic death rates. Mean progesterone concentrations in pregnant cows in groups A and B were higher than that in groups C and D, respectively, on day 18 and 21 (p < 0.05). In conclusion, GnRH injection on day 12 postinsemination increased the plasma progesterone concentrations on day 18 and 21 postinsemination. However, it did not alter the pregnancy rates and prevent embryonic deaths.

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Öz: Çalışmada, Akkaraman koyunlarda Flushing + Koç etkisi ya da farklı dozlarda gebe kısrak serum gonadotropini (PMSG) uygulamalarının kuzu verimi üzerine etkisi araştırıldı. Bu amaçla 124 baş koyun, çalışmanın başlangıcında rastgele beş gruba ayrıldı. Bu grupları, PMSG300 (n=25), PMSG500 (n=24) ve PMSG700 (n=25), Flushing + Koç Etkisi (n=25) ve Kontrol (n=25) grupları oluşturdu. PMSG gruplarında östrüsler vagina içi 20 mg fluorogestone acetate içeren sünger (12 gün süreyle) ile senkronize edildi ve süngerlerin çıkarılmasından 24 saat önce 75 μ cloprostenol ve PMSG300, PMSG500 ve PMSG700 gruplarındaki hayvanlara sırasıyla; 300, 500 ve 700 IU PMSG kas içi uygulandı. Süngerlerin çıkarılmasından sonraki 5 gün östrüs tespiti yapıldı. Flushing + Koç etkisi grubunda 4 hafta süreyle flushing uygulandı ve bu sürenin sonunda 4 hafta östrüs tespiti yapıldı. Kontrol grubuna ise ilave herhangi bir uygulama yapılmadı ve Ağustos-Eylül aylarında iki ay östrüs takibi yapıldı. Bütün gruplarda östrüs takipleri günde iki kez 30'ar dakika yapılarak östrüsteki koyunlar elde sıfat yöntemiyle çiftleştirildi. Gruplar arasında gebelik oranı ve sütten kesimde yaşama gücü açısından farklılık tespit edilmezken; PMSG700 grubunda doğum oranı, Flushing + Koç Etkisi ve Kontrol gruplarında ise kuzu verimi; PMSG500 grubuna göre düşük oldu (P<0.05). Sonuç olarak, Akkaraman ırkı koyunlarda üreme sezonu içerisinde progesteron + prostaglandinF2alfa kombinasyonu ile senkronizasyona ek olarak 500 IU PMSG uygulamasının ile östrüsleri toplulaştırılabileceği ve kuzu verimini arttırılabileceği kanısına varıldı.Anahtar Kelimeler: Akkaraman, Ek yemleme, Kuzu verimi, PMSG. Investigation of Possibility of Increasing Lamb Production with Flushing plus Ram Effect or the Administration of Various Pregnant Mare Serum Gonadotropin Doses in Akkaraman EwesAbstract: The effect of ram effect plus flushing or different doses of pregnant mare serum gonadotropin (PMSG) on lamb production in Akkaraman ewes was investigated. For this aim, 124 Akkaraman ewes were randomly divided into five group; The groups were PMSG300 (n=25), PMSG500 (n=24), PMSG700 (n=25), Flushing plus Ram effect (n=25) and Control (n=25) groups. The oestruses in PMSG groups were synchronised using vaginal sponge (for 12 d) containing 20 mg fluorogestone acetate and ewes were im injected 75 μ cloprostenol and 300, 500 and 700 IU PMSG in PMSG300, PMSG500, and PMSG700 groups, respectively, 24 h before sponge removal. Oestrus was checked for 5 d following sponge removal. After four weeks flushing, oestrus was checked for 4 wk in Flushing plus Ram effect group. Control ewes had no extra administration and, were checked for oestrus during August and September. Oestrus was checked for 30 min twice a day with teaser rams in all groups and ewes in oestrus were hand-mated. While pregnancy and survival rates were similar, birth rate in PMSG700 group and fecundity rate in Flushing plus Ram effect and Control groups were lower than that in PMSG500 group (P<0.05). As a result, it is concluded that 500 IU PMSG inject...

In this study, the effect of climatic conditions on oestrus occurrence was investigated by using 9 972 oestrus records of cows recorded between 1995 and 2003. A distinct seasonal variation in the oestrus occurrence was determined. Oestrus occurrence observed in January, March, November and December was less than that in June and September (P<0.05). Annual distribution of the oestrus occurrence was positively correlated with environment temperature and insulation duration, but it was negatively correlated with rainfall (P<0.01). However, there was no relationship between oestrus occurrence and relative humidity. In addition to these, there was a slight decrease in the oestrus response when the temperature-humidity index (THI) was above 72; nevertheless, this decrease was not significant (P >0.05). The data presented in this study demonstrated that the increase in the environmental temperature up to 23 °C did not cause a suppressive effect on the ovarian activity. In conclusion, annual distribution of the oestrus occurrence is positively correlated with environment temperature and insulation duration whereas it is negatively correlated with rainfall in Holstein cows, in this study. Keywords: cattle, climatic conditions, oestrus response Zusammenfassung Einfluss der Jahreszeiten auf die Brunst bei KühenAn Hand von 9 927 Östrusdaten von Holsteinkühen aus den Jahren 1995 bis 2003 wurde der jahreszeitliche klimatische Einfluss auf das Brunstgeschehen bei Kühen untersucht. Grund war die Beobachtung einer saisonalen Veränderung des Östrusauftretens. So wurde ein geringeres Brunstauftreten in den Monaten Januar, März, November und Dezember gegenüber den Monaten Juni und September beobachtet. Die Datenanalyse ergab, dass signifikant das jahreszeitliche Östrusauftreten positiv mit der Umgebungstemperatur und der Sonnenscheindauer aber negativ mit der Niederschlagsmenge korreliert war. Keine Zusammenhänge fanden sich zwischen der relativen Luftfeuchtigkeit und dem Östrusgeschehen. Tendenziell wurde eine geringe Abnahme der Östren nachgewiesen, wenn der Wert des Temperatur-Feuchtigkeits-Indexes (THI) über 72 lag. Die Ergebnisse dieser Studie zeigen, dass Umgebungstemperaturen bis zu 23 °C die Ovarienaktivität nicht negativ beeinflussen. Zusammenfassend wird geschlussfolgert, dass bei dem vorliegenden Tiermaterial ein jahreszeitliches Östrusverhalten positiv mit BÜLBÜL and ATAMAN: The effect of some seasonal conditions on oestrus occurrence in cows 460 der Umwelttemperatur sowie der Sonnenscheindauer, jedoch negativ mit der Niederschlagsmenge korreliert ist.Schlüsselwörter: Kuh, Jahreszeit, Brunst

[1] Bu çalışma, 4. Reprodüksiyon ve Suni Tohumlama Kongresi, 25-28 Ekim, 2007, Antalya'da sözlü bildiri olarak sunulmuştur * Bahri Dağdaş Uluslararası Tarımsal Araştırma Enstitüsü, Konya -TÜRKİYE Makale Kodu (Article Code): KVFD-2009-502 ÖzetBu çalışma ile, östrüsün 7. gününde (östrüs 0) embriyo transferi öncesinde flunixin meglumin (non-steroid anti inflamatuar) enjeksiyonunun gebelik oranı üzerine etkisi araştırıldı. Bu amaçla 39 baş İsviçre Esmeri düve kullanıldı. Östrüs tespitini takiben 7. günde dondurulmuş-çözdürülmüş embriyolar taşıyıcı düvelere transfer edildi. Hayvanlar rastgele iki gruba ayrıldı ve çalışma grubuna (FM grubu, n = 20) transferden 5 dak önce IM yolla 500 mg flunixin meglumin enjeksiyonu yapılırken, diğer grup (Kontrol, n = 19) kontrol olarak bırakıldı ve 2 ml fizyolojik tuzlu su solüsyonu IM olarak enjekte edildi. Bütün hayvanlara dondurulmuş-çözdürülmüş blastosist aşamasında bulunan 1. kalite embriyolar transfer edildi. Transferler çözdürmeden sonraki 5 dak içinde, üst epidural anestezi yardımıyla, corpus luteumun bulunduğu taraftaki kornu uteriye gerçekleştirildi. Gebelik muayeneleri östrüsten sonraki 30. günde ultrason kullanılarak 7.5 MHz rektal prob ile yapıldı. FM ve kontrol gruplarında gebelik oranları %50.0 ve %52.6 olarak tespit edildi. Gruplar arasındaki fark istatistiki açıdan önemli bulunmadı. Düvelerde dondurulmuş-çözdürülmüş embriyo transferinden 5 dak önce IM yolla 500 mg flunixin meglumin uygulamasının gebelik oranlarına etkisinin olmadığı kanısına varıldı.. Anahtar sözcükler: Embriyo transferi, Flunixin meglumin, Gebelik oranı The Effect of Flunixin Meglumine Injected Before Embryo Transfer on Pregnancy Rates in Heifers SummaryIn this study, the effect of flunixin meglumine (non-steroid anti-inflamatuar) injection before embryo transfer on d 7 (oestrus 0) on pregnancy rate was examined. For this aim, 39 Brown Swiss heifers were used. Following the oestrus detection, cryopreserved cattle embryos were transferred on d 7. Treatment animals were chosen randomly and injected intramuscularly 500 mg flunixin meglumine (FM group, n = 20) 5 min before embryo transfer application while the others remained as controls (Control, n = 19) and intramuscularly injected 2 ml of saline solution. All animals were transferred first quality cryopreserved blastosist embryos. Transfers were performed to uterine horn ipsilateral to the corpus luteum in 5 min after thawing with the help of epidural anesthesia. Pregnancy diagnoses were performed on d 30 by ultrasound with 7.5 MHz rectal probe. Pregnancy rates were 50.0% in FM group and 52.6% in Control group. The difference between groups was not significant. It is concluded that 500 mg flunixin meglumine injection 5 min before cryopreserved embryo transfer had no effect on pregnancy rates in heifers.

The objective of the present study was to evaluate the effect of porcine mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) secreted factors on bovine in vitro embryo development using MSCs in different culture systems: SOF medium, SOF medium conditioned by MSCs in monolayer, and in reverse drop and by embryo culture in coculture with MSCs. Statistically highly significant differences were noted between the number of blastocysts derived cultures in all tested culture systems. The in vitro culture in SOF turned out to be the most optimal. Statistically highly significant differences were observed in the number of blastocyst obtained between SOF and SOF in coculture with MSCs (P < 0.0001), and between SOF and SOF conditioned (monolayer and drop) (P < 0.00001). The trials to produce blastocysts in SOF conditioned by MSCs in reverse drops and monolayer failed. The blastocysts were obtained and analyzed by TUNEL only in two out of four experimental groups: SOF and SOF in coculture with MSCs. There were no significant differences between any of analyzed blastocysts' groups neither in the total number of nuclei nor in the apoptotic features. Neither medium conditioning by MSCs in monolayer and in reverse drop nor embryo culture in coculture with MSC turned out to be effective.