SummaryGenetic variations in chromosome Y are enabling researchers to identify paternal lineages, which are informative for introgressions and migrations. In this study, the male-specific region markers, sex-determining region-Y (SRY), amelogenin (AMELY) and zinc finger (ZFY) were analysed in seven Turkish native goat breeds, Angora, Kilis, Hair, Honamlı, Norduz, G€ urc€ u and Abaza. A SNP in the ZFY gene defined a new haplotype Y2C. All domestic haplogroups originate from Capra aegagrus, while the finding of Y1A, Y1B, Y2A and Y2C in 32, 4, 126 and 2 Turkish domestic goats, respectively, appears to indicate a predomestic origin of the major haplotypes. The occurrence of four haplotypes in the Hair goat and, in contrast, a frequency of 96% of Y1A in the Kilis breed illustrate that Y-chromosomal variants have a more breed-dependent distribution than mitochondrial or autosomal DNA. This probably reflects male founder effects, but a role in adaptation cannot be excluded.

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The aim of this study was to determine the genotypes of bovine growth hormone and to investigate their association with daily weight gain in the Zavot cattle breed. The bovine growth hormone (GH) genotypes of 45 male Zavot cattle were identified by PCR-RFLP. The effect of the bovine growth hormone gene on daily weight gain was estimated from a dataset obtained from cattle up to the age of 9 months. The mean differences of carcass weight or carcass yield among the genotype groups were assessed by analysis of covariance (ANCOVA). Two alleles for bovine growth hormone locus, L and V, were observed in Zavot cattle. The frequency of the L and V alleles was found to be 0.767 and 0.233, respectively. The genotype effect on live weight was not found to be significant (P > 0.05). The difference between the means of genotype groups was not found to be significant for carcass weight and carcass yield (P > 0.05). Further research on the association between bovine growth hormone gene polymorphism and yield traits in different cattle breeds should be conducted.

This study was conducted to identify gene polymorphisms and to investigate the relationships of polymorphisms with yield and composition of milk from Holstein cows. Significant relationships of growth hormone (GH), leptin (LEP) and myogenic factor 5 (MYF5) gene polymorphisms with 305‐day milk yield were observed (P < 0.01). Signal transducers and activators of transcription 5A (STAT5A) gene polymorphism did not show any significant relationships with investigated traits (P > 0.05). With regard to the 305‐day milk yield, GH‐LV, LEP‐AA and AB and MYF5‐GG genotypes were found to be superior over the other genotypes. It was concluded based on present findings that GH, LEP and MYF5 genes could be used as candidate genes for milk yield of Holstein cows.

the purpose of this work was to identify ghrh, gh and prl gene polymorphisms in anatolian water buffalo by means of the pcr-rflp method. a total of 126 buffalo were included in this study. PCR amplification gave a 451 bp band for the GHRH gene, a 221 bp band for the GH gene and a 156 bp band for the PRL gene. The PCR products were digested by HaeIII for the ghrh gene, AluI for the gh gene and RsaI for the prl gene. the gh/AluI and prl/RsaI polymorphisms were found to be polymorphic, while the ghrh/HaeIII polymorphism was not found in Anatolian water buffalo. The frequencies of GH-L (0.87) and PRL-A (0.55) alleles were found to be high in the examined anatolian water buffalo. the chi-square test showed that the anatolian water buffalo were in Hardy-Weinberg (HW) equilibrium for the GH gene while significant deviation was observed from HW equilibrium for the PRL gene. The present study is the first to examine ghrh/HaeIII, gh/AluI and prl/RsaI polymorphisms in anatolian water buffalo.

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SummaryThis study was conducted to determine DNA-polymorphism of a AluI RFLP at bovine growth hormone (bGH) gene in Zavot (n=48), East Anatolian Red (n=40), Simmental (n=94) and Brown Swiss (n=64) cattle breeds. A total of 246 cattle were genotyped for the bGH-AluI polymorphism by polymerase chain reaction and restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP). In the study, two alleles (L and V) and three genotypes (LL, VV and LV) were revealed after than digestion of amplification product with AluI restriction enzyme. Allelic frequencies for EAR, SIM, BS and Zavot breeds were determined as 0.775, 0.734, 0.781 and 0.760 respectively for L allele; 0.225, 0.266, 0.219 and 0.240 respectively for V allele. Otherwise, genotypic frequencies were 0.65, 0.57, 0.63 and 0.63 for LL, 0.10, 0.11, 0.06 and 0.10 for VV, and 0.25, 0.32, 0.31 and 0.27 for LV respectively. A significant deviation from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium was not observed in the investigated breeds. As a result, this study provided information on the polymorphism of bGH in four cattle breeds. Additionally, this study reported the existence of a genetic polymorphism at bGH gene in Zavot cattle breed for the first time. Çalışılan ırklarda Hardy-Weinberg dengesinden sapma görülmemiştir. Sonuç olarak, bu çalışmada dört sığır ırkında bGH gen polimorfizmi hakkında bilgi verilmiştir. Ayrıca, bu çalışma ile Zavot sığırında bGH gen polimorfizmi varlığı ilk defa bildirilmiştir.