Daun calincing (Oxalis corniculata L.) merupakan salah satu tanaman yang tumbuh di indonesia yang memiliki aktivitas antijamur namun aktivitas antibiofilmnya terhadap C. albicans ATCC 10231 belum pernah dilaporkan. Pencarian antibiofilm baru terhadap biofilm C. albicans menjadi hal penting dalam mencegah infeksi yang berhubungan dengan biofilm. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui efektivitas ekstrak etanol daun calincing (Oxalis corniculata L.) dalam menghambat pembentukan biofilm C. albicans. Pengujian planktonik dan penghambatan biofilm dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode microtiter broth. Aktivitas antibiofilm ekstrak etanol daun calincing terhadap C. albicans. dianalisis dengan menghitung minimum biofilm inhibitor konsentrasi (MBIC50). Ekstrak etanol daun calincing 1 % memberikan aktivitas antijamur C. albicans sebesar 81,23 % ± 0,01 dan aktivitas antibiofilm fase pertengahan sebesar 76,00 % ± 0,01 dan fase pematangan 68,23 ± 0,01. Oleh karena itu, ekstrak etanol daun calincing berpotensi untuk dikembangkan sebagai kandidat obat-obat antibiofilm baru terhadap biofilm C. albicans.
Candida albicans is a fungus that is included in the normal microbiota of humans. In general, C. albicans remains a lifelong commensal microorganism. This fungus has a hazardous impact. C. albicans can cause infection and is fatal. The spread of this fungus is one of the factors caused by antibiotic resistance, which causes C. albicans to be resistant and form strong colonies (biofilms) to survive. Natural ingredients for treatment is an alternative that is often used by the community because their use is effortless and practical. One of the plants is the leaves of Begonia multangula Blume. This plant is known to have potent antifungal activity, but its antibiofilm activity against C. albicans has not yet been reported in-depth about its antibiofilm. The discovery of new antibiofilm against C. albicans biofilms is a way to prevent the effects of infections caused by these biofilms. This research is a form of dedication to the effectiveness of Begonia multangula Blume leaf extract in inhibiting and eradicating C. albicans biofilm formation. Planktonic testing, inhibition, and biofilm eradication activity were carried out using the microtiter broth method. Antibiofilm activity of begonia leaves on C. albicans was measured by calculating the minimum concentration of biofilm inhibitor (MBIC50). Data were analyzed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) with a 95% confidence level. The begonia leaves showed inhibitory activity against the tested C. albicans biofilm formation. Begonia multangula Blume leaf extract 1% gave C. albicans antibacterial activity of 75±0.01% and mid-phase antibiofilm activity of 65.21±0.01% and maturation phase of 50.11±0.01. The results also provided evidence that the ethanolic extract of C. albicans can degrade (eradication) the formation of C. albicans biofilms. Therefore, the ethanol extract of begonia leaves can be developed as a new antibiofilm agent against C. albicans.
Inappropriate administration of antibiotics can cause resistance to bacteria. Staphylococcus aureus is one of the strong biofilm-forming bacteria that cause antibiotic resistance. Calincing (Oxalis corniculata L.) leaves have excellent antibacterial activity, but their antibiofilm activity against S. aureus has not been reported until now. Currently, the discovery of new antibiofilm against S. aureus biofilms is significant to prevent the impact of infections caused by biofilms. This study was intended to determine the effectiveness of the ethanol extract of O. corniculata leaves in inhibiting and eradicating S. aureus biofilm formation. Planktonic testing, inhibition, and biofilm eradication activity were carried out using the microtiter broth method. Antibiofilm activity of O. corniculata leaves against S. aureus biofilm was analyzed by calculating the minimum concentration of biofilm inhibitor (MBIC50) and minimum biofilm eradication concentration (MBEC50). Data were analyzed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) with a 95% confidence level. Oxalis corniculata leaves showed inhibitory activity on the formation of the tested S. aureus biofilm. The ethanol extract of 1% O. corniculata leaves gave 76.23±0.01% antibacterial activity of S. aureus and 71.32±0.01% of mid-phase antibiofilm activity, and 69.33±0.01% maturation phase. The results also prove that the ethanolic extract of O. corniculata leaves can eradicate S. aureus biofilm formation. Therefore, the ethanol extract of O. corniculata leaves can be developed as a new antibiofilm against S. aureus.
ABSTRACT Mount Merapi National Park (MMNP) has known for its high biodiversity. However, exploration related to the potential for antioxidant activity of the medicinal plants in this region is still very limited. Therefore, the aim of this research was to explore of medicinal plants from MMNP and to evaluate the antioxidant activity of the plants. The research began with the collection and identification the medicinal plants to determine the scientific names. Then, plants that have been identified, are dried, mashed and macerated with ethanol (96%). The ethanol extract were evaluated for antioxidant activity using 1,1-Diphenyl-2-Picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) to determine the IC50 value and compared with positive control (ascorbic acid). The results of this exploration were obtained 50 plant species which have been identified its scientific names and classified into 16 families. The largest distribution of plant species was belongs to the family Poaceae, followed by Asteraceae and Rubiaceae. Antioxidant activity assay of the medicinal plant resulted three plant species with IC50 values less then 6 ppm, i.e. Melastoma malabathricum, Phyllanthus urinaria, and Clidemia hirta. The alkaloid compound detected in M. malabathricum expected to be a potential antioxidant compound. This information can be used as a basic data for developing alternative sources of antioxidants and as an new drug raw materials. Keywords: medicinal plants, Merapi Volcano National Park, antioxidants, DPPH ABSTRAK Taman Nasional Gunung Merapi (TNGM) telah lama dikenal dengan keanekaragaman hayatinya yang tinggi. Akan tetapi, eksplorasi terkait potensi aktivitas antioksidan pada koleksi tumbuhan obat di wilayah tersebut masih sangat terbatas. Fakta tersebut yang mendasari tujuan dari penelitian ini, yaitu eksplorasi potensi aktivitas antioksidan tumbuhan yang berasal dari TNGM. Penelitian ini diawali dengan pengumpulan dan identifikasi nama ilmiah tumbuhan obat yang tumbuh di wilayah tersebut. Tumbuhan yang telah teridentifikasi kemudian dikeringkan, dihaluskan dan dimaserasi dengan etanol (96%). Ekstrak etanol yang diperoleh kemudian diuji aktivitas antioksidannya melalui penentuan penangkapan radikal bebas menggunakan 1,1-Diphenyl-2-Picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) dengan menentukan nilai IC50-nya dan dibandingkan dengan kontrol positif (asam askorbat). Hasil dari kegiatan eksplorasi ini diperoleh 50 spesies tumbuhan yang telah berhasil diidentifikasi nama ilmiahnya dan digolongkan menjadi 16 famili. Distribusi spesies tumbuhan terbesar termasuk dalam famili Poaceae, diikuti Asteraceae dan Rubiaceae. Pengujian aktivitas antioksidan pada 50 sampel tumbuhan diperoleh tiga spesies tumbuhan dengan nilai IC50 kurang dari 6 ppm, yaitu Melastoma malabathricum, Phyllanthus urinaria, dan Clidemia hirta. Kandungan alkaloid yang terdeteksi pada M. malabathricum, diduga sebagai senyawa antioksidan yang sangat potensial. Informasi tersebut dapat digunakan sebagai dasar pengembangan sumber antioksidan alternatif untuk inovasi bahan baku obat baru.
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