Prevalensi diabetes melitus berdasarkan hasil riset kesehatan dasar (Riskesdas, 2013) tertinggi di Indonesia terdapat di provinsi DI Yogyakarta. Diabetes melitus merupakan penyakit kronis yang membutuhkan pengobatan jangka panjang dan kompleks dimana salah satu penentu keberhasilan terapi bergantung pada kepatuhan penggunaan obat. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui gambaran karakteristik pasien meliputi jenis kelamin, usia, tingkat pendidikan, durasi penyakit, komorbid, dan penggunaan ADO terhadap kepatuhan pasien diabetes melitus tipe 2. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode observasional dengan rancangan analisis potong lintang yang dilakukan secara retrospektif terhadap 123 pasien diabetes melitus tipe 2 rawat jalan di puskesmas daerah Yogyakarta pada bulan Agustus-September tahun 2015. Metode pengambilan sampel menggunakan teknik accidental sampling. Instrumen penelitian berupa lembar pengambilan data dan kuesioner Morisky Medication Adherence MMAS-8. Data dianalisis menggunakan Chi-Square. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa secara keseluruhan tingkat kepatuhan pasien diabetes melitus tipe 2 berada pada tingkat kepatuhan rendah. Hubungan antara pengaruh karakteristik pasien: jenis kelamin (p=0,275), usia (p=0,473), tingkat pendidikan (p=0,157), durasi penyakit (p=0,097), jumlah komorbid (p=0,79), dan ADO (p=0,401) terhadap tingkat kepatuhan tidak signifikan (p>0,05). Kata kunci: Diabetes melitus tipe 2, karakteristik pasien, kepatuhan
The increasing prevalence of diabetes mellitus (DM) in Indonesia requires participation of all parties including pharmacists. This study aims to determine the impact of the implementation of home pharmacy service guidelines for patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus on the level of knowledge, medication adherence, therapeurical satisfaction and glycemic control. This study used a quasi-experimental design with one group pre-test and post-test design involving 37 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus who met the requirements of inclusion and exclusion criterias. The Diabetes Knowledge Questionnaire (DKQ-24) and the Diabetes Medication Satisfaction Tool (DMSAT) were used for collecting the data. Patient adherence was measured using a pillcount method and fasting blood sugar levels (FSB) data were obtained from the laboratory results. The study was conducted in two community health centers and patient’s home in the Yogyakarta Municipality area. The data were analysed using Wilcoxon and Spearman test. The results showed the change of the level of knowledge, medication adherence, therapeutic satisfaction and glycemic control before and after intervention of pharmacy services at home. The average decreasing of fasting blood sugar levels 17.09 mg/dL ± 1.43
Daun calincing (Oxalis corniculata L.) merupakan salah satu tanaman yang tumbuh di indonesia yang memiliki aktivitas antijamur namun aktivitas antibiofilmnya terhadap C. albicans ATCC 10231 belum pernah dilaporkan. Pencarian antibiofilm baru terhadap biofilm C. albicans menjadi hal penting dalam mencegah infeksi yang berhubungan dengan biofilm. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui efektivitas ekstrak etanol daun calincing (Oxalis corniculata L.) dalam menghambat pembentukan biofilm C. albicans. Pengujian planktonik dan penghambatan biofilm dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode microtiter broth. Aktivitas antibiofilm ekstrak etanol daun calincing terhadap C. albicans. dianalisis dengan menghitung minimum biofilm inhibitor konsentrasi (MBIC50). Ekstrak etanol daun calincing 1 % memberikan aktivitas antijamur C. albicans sebesar 81,23 % ± 0,01 dan aktivitas antibiofilm fase pertengahan sebesar 76,00 % ± 0,01 dan fase pematangan 68,23 ± 0,01. Oleh karena itu, ekstrak etanol daun calincing berpotensi untuk dikembangkan sebagai kandidat obat-obat antibiofilm baru terhadap biofilm C. albicans.
Off-label drugs can be interpreted as drugs that are used not in accordance with drug information, distribution permits and sales licenses from the Marketing Authorization (MA) related to indications, age, dosage, route of administration and contraindications. The use of off-label drugs in children occurs because of incomplete data on pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics and side effect of a drug. It is because clinical research in children is quite difficult and not in accordance with research ethics and morals, so it has the potential to cause errors in treatment and unwanted drug reactions. This study aims to describe the use of off-label drugs in hospitalized pediatric patients at RSUD of Dr. M.M Dunda Limboto, Gorontalo District, Gorontalo Province. This is an obsevational study using cross sectional design and retrospective data collection. The sampling technique applies a purposive sampling technique with a total of 155 patiens who meet the inclusion criteria during the January-June 2020 period. The finding shows that from 155 patient medical records, there are 172 (16,51%) off-label drug used with a total of 1042 drugs. The off-label drugs used in the indication category are 64,53%, the off-label drugs used in dose category are 17,44%, the off-label drugs used in age category are 14,53%, the off-label drugs used in route of administration category are 3,49% and the off-label drugs used in contraindictions category are not found. The are the most off-label drugs used in each category, including domperidone (off-label in indications and dose), rhinofed (off-label in age) and salbutamol (off-label in route of administration).
Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) is a condition in which there is a decrease in kidney function due to the presence of chronic and irreversible renal parenchyma. Patients with chronic disease often require a combination of several drugs. The administration of drugs combination is generally expected to have a beneficial effect. However, in some cases, drug interactions resulted in ineffective treatment and the emergence of unexpected events. This research aimed to determine drug interactions in patients with chronic kidney disease who are undergoing hemodialysis in the Inpatient Installation of Dr. M.M Dunda Limboto Hospital. This research was observational using a cross-sectional design and retrospective data collection. The sampling technique used was a purposive sampling technique with a total of 51 patient who met the inclusion criteria during the July-Desember 2020 period. Drug interaction data analysis was based on the Drug Interaction Checker and Drug Interaction Facts. The results showed that the most widely used drugs in patients with chronic kidney disease at Dr. M.M Dunda Limboto Hospital were anti-hypertensi drugs (17%), vitamins and minerals (13.30%), and gastrointestinal (11.32%). Drugs interactions with pharmacodynamic mechanisms were 31 cases (53.45%), pharmacokinetics were 21 cases (36.21%), and 6 cases were unknown (10.34%). The level of clinical significance in patients with chronic kidney disease was 75.86% moderate, 13.80% minor, and 10.34% major.
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