Eksplorasi Antioksidan Tumbuhan Obat Yang Berasal Dari Taman Nasional Gunung Merapi Yogyakarta Indonesia

Abstract

ABSTRACT
 Mount Merapi National Park (MMNP) has known for its high biodiversity. However, exploration related to the potential for antioxidant activity of the medicinal plants in this region is still very limited. Therefore, the aim of this research was to explore of medicinal plants from MMNP and to evaluate the antioxidant activity of the plants. The research began with the collection and identification the medicinal plants to determine the scientific names. Then, plants that have been identified, are dried, mashed and macerated with ethanol (96%). The ethanol extract were evaluated for antioxidant activity using 1,1-Diphenyl-2-Picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) to determine the IC50 value and compared with positive control (ascorbic acid). The results of this exploration were obtained 50 plant species which have been identified its scientific names and classified into 16 families. The largest distribution of plant species was belongs to the family Poaceae, followed by Asteraceae and Rubiaceae. Antioxidant activity assay of the medicinal plant resulted three plant species with IC50 values ​​less then 6 ppm, i.e. Melastoma malabathricum, Phyllanthus urinaria, and Clidemia hirta. The alkaloid compound detected in M. malabathricum expected to be a potential antioxidant compound. This information can be used as a basic data for developing alternative sources of antioxidants and as an new drug raw materials.
 Keywords: medicinal plants, Merapi Volcano National Park, antioxidants, DPPH 
 ABSTRAK
 Taman Nasional Gunung Merapi (TNGM) telah lama dikenal dengan keanekaragaman hayatinya yang tinggi. Akan tetapi, eksplorasi terkait potensi aktivitas antioksidan pada koleksi tumbuhan obat di wilayah tersebut masih sangat terbatas. Fakta tersebut yang mendasari tujuan dari penelitian ini, yaitu eksplorasi potensi aktivitas antioksidan tumbuhan yang berasal dari TNGM. Penelitian ini diawali dengan pengumpulan dan identifikasi nama ilmiah tumbuhan obat yang tumbuh di wilayah tersebut. Tumbuhan yang telah teridentifikasi kemudian dikeringkan, dihaluskan dan dimaserasi dengan etanol (96%). Ekstrak etanol yang diperoleh kemudian diuji aktivitas antioksidannya melalui penentuan penangkapan radikal bebas menggunakan 1,1-Diphenyl-2-Picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) dengan menentukan nilai IC50-nya dan dibandingkan dengan kontrol positif (asam askorbat). Hasil dari kegiatan eksplorasi ini diperoleh 50 spesies tumbuhan yang telah berhasil diidentifikasi nama ilmiahnya dan digolongkan menjadi 16 famili. Distribusi spesies tumbuhan terbesar termasuk dalam famili Poaceae, diikuti Asteraceae dan Rubiaceae. Pengujian aktivitas antioksidan pada 50 sampel tumbuhan diperoleh tiga spesies tumbuhan dengan nilai IC50 kurang dari 6 ppm, yaitu Melastoma malabathricum, Phyllanthus urinaria, dan Clidemia hirta. Kandungan alkaloid yang terdeteksi pada M. malabathricum, diduga sebagai senyawa antioksidan yang sangat potensial. Informasi tersebut dapat digunakan sebagai dasar pengembangan sumber antioksidan alternatif untuk inovasi bahan baku obat baru.

Potential Extracts of Melastomataceae Species from Mount Merapi National Park as Sunprotection Material with Antioxidation and Antiglycation Activities

“…M. affine extract had slightly lower antioxidation activity than ascorbic acid. These data confirmed previous findings by Nurwijayanto et al 13 The DPPH scavenging activity of extracts might be carried by hydroxyl groups as proton-donating compounds, which are many in phenolic compounds, some types of flavonoids, and tannins. C. hirta extract contained more phenolic compounds, flavonoids, and tannins than M. affine extract; therefore, the high antioxidant activity of C. hirta was likely caused by these metabolites.…”

“…Don., and Melastoma affine D. Don growing in Mount Merapi National Park, Indonesia, were reported to have high antioxidant activity similar to ascorbic acid, a well-known potent antioxidant. 13 These antioxidant materials in the ethanol extract of C. hirta, and M. affine leaves have the potential to inhibit ECM damage caused by glycation, since ROS is a major initiator for many mechanisms of photoaging. Furthermore,…”

Eksplorasi Jenis dan Pemanfaatan Tanaman Obat Di Bumi Patowonua, Kabupaten Kolaka Utara, Sulawesi Tenggara

“…Dengan adanya kegiatan tersebut maka akan diperoleh acuan untuk melahirkan obat fitofarmaka. (Pranaka et al, 2020) (Nurwijayanto et al, 2020).…”