Ozone that was generated by using dielectric barrier discharge plasma (DBDP) reactor has been investigated. In this study, we compared ozone production with reactor series and parallelled at atmospheric pressure. The reactor used models of a wire mesh - aluminum foil configuration. The first reactor uses a series circuit with two reactors and the second reactor uses a parallel circuit with two reactors. Ozone was produced by DBDP reactor using AC high Voltage. Oxygen that source of ozone has been taken from the pure oxygen and natural gas. Some analysis conducted including the variation of voltage, the flow rate of gas and type of source gas which affect produced concentration. Some parameters varied including voltage from 0 - 10 kV and the flow rate of gas 4 - 12 L / min. The results showed that ozone concentration in the series reactor is higher than that of the parallel reactor. The series reactor could produce ozone with a concentration of 348 ppm at a voltage of 10 kV. Then the parallel reactor of ozone could produce with a concentration of 240 ppm at a voltage of 10 kV. We found that series reactor could produce more high ozone concentration at the same voltage.
Penurunan angka stunting masih menjadi priotitas utama dalam rangka tujuan pembangunan nasional. Indonesia menjadi Negara kedua dengan angka kasus stunting tertinggi kedua di Asia Tenggara setelah kamboja. Hasil survei Status Gizi Balita Indonesia (SSGBI) pada tahun 2019 menunjukkan bahwa 1 dari 3 anak di Indonesia terbukti mengalami stunting. Hal ini merupakan masalah serius mengingat sumberdaya yang paling berharga bagi suatu negara adalah sumber daya manusia. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menganalisis hubungan antara pemantauan pertumbuhan dan pemberian makan oleh pengasuh dengan kejadian stunting pada anak panti asuhan di Kota Semarang tahun 2019. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain kuantitatif analitik melalui pendekatan case control. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh anak panti asuhan di Kota Semarang. Adapun jumlah sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah 48 anak stunting sebagai kelompok kasus dan 48 anak normal sebagai kelompok kontrol dengan rentang usia 8-18 tahun dan diambil secara Purposive sampling. Instrumen penelitian yang digunakan yaitu kuesioner, microtoise dan aplikasi WHO Antro Plus. Analisis data diolah dengan spss menggunakan uji statistik chi square. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan pemantauan pertumbuhan oleh pengasuh tergolong kurang baik (51.04%) dan pemberian makan tergolong kurang baik (54,17%). Uji statistik menunjukkan bahwa kejadian stunting memiliki hubungan yang signifikan dengan pemantauan pertumbuhan (p=0.025) dan pola pemberian makan (p=0.001). Diperlukan pemantauan kesehatan rutin dan edukasi dari petugas puskemas kepada pengasuh tentang cara menentukan status gizi anak dan pola asuh gizi yang benar dan baik.
Permasalahan sanitasi layak ini masih menjadi fokus di Indonesia begitupun di Kabupaten Bandung. Tingkat risiko fasilitas sanitasi dapat dilihat dengan menggunakan analisis spasial pada aplikasi GIS yang digunakan untuk mengetahui karakteristik fasilitas sanitasi dan geoprocessingnya. Proses analisis sistem informasi geografis yang digunakan adalah heatmap analysis atau titik kepadatan suatu variabel yang memperlihatkan titik hot spot pada fasilitas sanitasi yang berisiko melalui algoritma spasial. Pengambilan data spasial diambil secara agregat dari 31 kecamatan di Kabupaten Bandung. Secara geografis dapat dilihat peta persebaran sarana air minum yang berisiko relatif menyebar tidak terkonsentrasi di satu wilayah tertentu. Satu kecamatan dengan kecamatan lainnya yang memiliki risiko cukup tinggi yaitu Kecamatan Arjasari (titik oranye) dengan Kecamatan Nagreg (titik hijau) memiliki jarak yang relatif jauh. Begitupun Kecamatan Arjasari (titik oranye) dengan Kecamatan Cimaung (titik biru muda) terhalang oleh satu kecamatan. Sedangkan untuk jamban secara geografis dua kecamatan yang memiliki sarana yang berisiko terdapat pada wilayah yang saling berdekatan. Jika dibandingkan dengan sekelilingnya yang sudah memiliki cakupan 70%-85%. Kecamatan Solokanjeruk pun nampak secara geografis memiliki letak yang cukup jauh dengan kecamatan yang memiliki cakupan sarana jamban yang memenuhi syarat kurang baik (Kecamatan Soreang dan Kecamatan Katapang).
Pekerja Bukan Penerima Upah (PBPU) menjadi sektor angkatan kerja yang paling dominan belum terdaftar sebagai peserta BPJS Kesehatan. Hal ini mengakibatkan susah tercapainya Cakupan Semesta yang ditargetkan oleh Pemerintah. Diresmikannya kenaikan tarif iuran BPJS Kesehatan sebesar dua kali lipat dapat menambah keengganan PBPU untuk membayar iuran BPJS Kesehatan. Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu menganalisis hubungan usia, jenis kelamin dan tingkat pendidikan terhadap kesediaan membayar iuran BPJS kesehatan. Penelitian case control dilakukan di Kabupaten Kudus, Jawa Tengah pada bulan Januari-Februari 2020. Pengambilan sampel menggunakan purposive sampling dengan jumlah 100 PBPU bukan peserta BPJS Kesehatan sebagai kelompok kasus dan 100 PBPU peserta BPJS Kesehatan sebagai kelompok kontrol. Variabel independen yaitu usia, jenis kelamin dan tingkat pendidikan. Variabel dependen adalah kesediaan membayar. Pengumpulan data menggunakan kuesioner dan analisis data dengan regresi logistik. Kesediaan membayar iuran BPJS Kesehatan pada PBPU meningkat pada usia ≥43 tahun (b=5.03; CI 95%= 2.90-6.61; <0.001), jenis kelamin laki-laki (b=6.18; CI 95%= 3.12-7.19; p<0.001), tingkat pendidikan ≥SMA (b=3.10; CI 95%= 0.96-4.31; p=0.002). Usia, jenis kelamin dan tingkat pendidikan memiliki hubungan signifikan terhadap kesediaan membayar iuran BPJS Kesehatan pada PBPU.
Background: Universal Health Coverage is the mandate of the Pancasila and 1945 Constitution. UHC's target on January 1 st , 2019 is that all Indonesians are covered by the National Health Insurance (JKN). Meanwhile, the participation of informal workers as of May 1, 2019 only reached 57%. The cross-subsidy system is not optimal and the budget deficit will continue to be experienced because there are still many citizens who have not joined JKN. This study aimed to analyze the determinants of the participation of informal workers in the national health insurance program in Kudus using the Health Belief Model. Subjects and Method: This was case control study, conducted in 5 sub-districts in Kudus Regency, Central Java from September to October 2019. Total of 200 informal workers were selected by purposive sampling, it was divided into two groups including 100 in case group and a 100 in control group. The dependent variable was the participation of informal workers in the JKN program. The independent variables were perception of vulnerability, perception of seriousness, perspective of benefits, family support, selfefficacy, and social environment. The data collection was performed using a questionnaire and data analysis with logistic regression using stata 13. Results:The participation of informal workers in the JKN program increased with knowledge of ≥Senior high school (b= 5.09; 95% CI= 0.32 to 9.87; p= 0.036), high perception of vulnerability (b= 3.01; 95% CI= 0.26 to 5.75; p= 0.031), high perceived seriousness (b= 5.38; 95% CI= 2.14 to 8.61; p= 0.001), high perceived benefit (b= 3.86; 95% CI= 0.39 to 7.34; p= 0.029), strong family support (b= 7.26; 95% CI= 2.69 to 11.82; p= 0.002), strong self-efficacy (b= 3.98; 95% CI= 0.98 to 6.98; p= 0.009) and a supportive social environment (b= 4.51; 95% CI= 1.61 to 7.40; p= 0.002). Conclusion: Knowledge, perception of vulnerability, perception of seriousness, perceived usefulness, family support and social environment influence the participation of informal workers in the JKN program.
Latar belakang: Target Pemerintah Indonesia tentang Cakupan Semesta atau 100% kepesertaaan Jaminan Kesehatan pada tahun 2019 gagal tercapai, bahkan sampai akhir Oktober 2020. Kegagalan cakupan semesta mengakibatkan Keuangan BPJS Kesehatan semakin terpuruk setelah mengalami defisit. Pekerja sektor informal menjadi sektor paling dominan yang belum mengikuti skema Jaminan Kesehatan sebanyak 30.487.891 pekerja. Pendapatan rendah, tidak pasti tiap bulannya serta ditambah kenaikan premi mengakibatkan menurunnya kesediaan membayar (willingness to pay) premi Jaminan Kesehatan. Tujuan Penelitian: Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu menganalisis pengaruh pendapatan, pengetahuan dan kerentanan penyakit terhadap willingness to pay (WTP) premi Jaminan Kesehatan pada pekerja sektor informal. Metode: Penelitian cross sectional dilakukan di Kabupaten Kudus, Jawa Tengah pada bulan Januari-Februari 2020. Pengambilan sampel menggunakan purposive sampling dengan jumlah 200 pekerja sektor informal yang belum menjadi peserta BPJS Kesehatan. Variabel dependen yaitu willingness to pay. Variabel independen yaitu pendapatan, pengetahuan dan kerentanan penyakit. Pengumpulan data menggunakan kuesioner dan analisis data dengan regresi logistik. Hasil: Willingness to pay premi Jaminan Kesehatan pada pekerja sektor informal meningkat pada pendapatan ≥Rp 2,218,451 (b=2.02; CI 95%= 1.01-3.55; p=0.044), pengetahuan tinggi (b=4.64; CI 95%= 2.36-8.31; p<0.001), kerentanan penyakit tinggi (b= 3.01; CI 95%= 0.26-5.75; p=0.031). Kesimpulan: Pendapatan, pengetahuan dan kerentanan penyakit memiliki pengaruh signifikan terhadap willingness to pay premi Jaminan Kesehatan pada pekerja sektor informal.
One of the quality of outpatient services in hospitals is the provision of fast and accurate medical record files so that they can support good health services. Provision of medical record documents in outpatient services in accordance with Hospital Minimum Service Standards No.129/Menkes/SK/II/2008 that is less than or equal to 10 minutes, but to determine the continuity of the time suitability, monitoring analysis needs to be carried out, whether there is an increase in speed of medical record services or experiencing a decline in medical record services. So if there are significant obstacles, it is necessary to look for the causative factors, then if the speed of service increases, it is necessary to know and improve what factors greatly influence the increase of speed in medical record services of the outpatient unit of X Hospital. The purpose of this study is to monitor and analyze the speed of medical record services in the outpatient unit of X Hospital. The type of research conducted is qualitative research. The subject of this research is the coordinator in each part of processing (assembling, coding, indexing, analyzing), distribution, filing or storage and retrieval of medical records.
Background: Government of Republic of Indonesia provides the national health insurance program since January 1st 2014. The payment scheme requires hospitals to provide the service first and then make a claim to BPJS on the service by using the tariff package called Indonesia Case Based Groups (INA CBGs). The purpose of this study was to examine factors associated with participation in the national health insurance program using path analysis model. Subjects and Method: This was a case control study. The study was conducted at 5 sub-districts in Kudus, Central Java, from September to October 2019. A sample of 200 informal workers was selected by purposive sampling. The dependent variable was participation in national health insurance. The independent variables were education, income, knowledge, perceived susceptibility, perceived seriousness, perceived benefit, family support, self-efficacy, and social environment. The data were collected by questionnaire and analyzed by path analysis run on stata 13. Results: Participation in the national health insurance program was directly and positively affected by high perceived susceptibility (b= 2.14; 95% CI= -0.09 to 4.38; p= 0.060), high perceived seriousness (b= 4.71; 95% CI= 2.15 to 7.28; p<0.001), high perceived benefit (b= 2.45; 95% CI= 0.07 to 4.83; p= 0.044), strong family support (b= 6.31; 95% CI= 3.20 to 9.41; p<0.001), strong self-efficacy (b= 3.55; 95% CI= 1.02 to 6.07; p= 0.006), and supportive social environment (b= 3.39; 95% CI= 1.24 to 5.55; p= 0.002). Participation in the national health insurance program was indirectly affected by education, income, and knowledge. Conclusion: Participation in the national health insurance program is directly and positively affected by high perceived susceptibility, high perceived seriousness, high perceived benefit, strong family support, strong self-efficacy, and supportive social environment. Participation in the national health insurance program is indirectly affected by education, income, and knowledge. Keywords: national health insurance, Health Belief Model, Social Cognitive Theory Correspondence: Anom Dwi Prakoso. Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret. Jl. Ir. Sutami 36A, Surakarta 57126, Centra Java, Indonesia. Email: anomdwiprakoso@-gmail.com. Mobile: +62895363054393. DOI: https://doi.org/10.26911/the7thicph.04.37
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