Reporting family violence against children has two main benefits: it protects the child from the violence and improves epidemiological control of violence. Health professionals play an important role in this area, since they are required to report any known or even suspected case of violence. Nevertheless, when and how to report has been questioned recently. This paper discusses the problems faced by health professionals and suggests specific solutions to the Brazilian case. The authors conclude that it is necessary: (a) to clarify the legal notion of violence in Brazil, specifically the concept of suspicion; (b) to create technical manuals to guide action in this area; (c) to improve the number and quality of services to assist the population; (d) to improve studies and discussion of the consequences of reporting, mainly concerning the notion of justice transmitted to Brazilian families through this practice.
Suggested citation: Ferreira AL. Follow-up of child abuse victims: challenges for the pediatrician. J Pediatr (Rio J). 2005;81(5 Suppl):S173-S180. AbstractObjective: To review practical questions about the initial assistance and follow-up of child abuse victims and their families by pediatricians.Sources of data: A literature review was carried out using the MEDLINE and LILACS databases, including the years 2000 to 2005. Some articles from past years and books were included due to their importance. Summary of the findings:Initial assistance is one of the most important actions by health professionals for the protection of abused children in different healthcare sectors (community, outpatient clinics, emergency rooms and infirmary), and it is fundamental for the reduction of immediate and long-term negative consequences of violence. The protection services cannot monitor all the families under their responsibility and most child abuse cases are not even reported to those institutions; therefore, regular follow-up by a pediatrician is advisable. It is important to provide the family with support and guidance until the child is safe. The main challenges are: to be involved without causing more violence; to consider all the family as the focus of attention, including the family members who have committed the assault, helping them to change inadequate behaviors; to develop specific abilities to carry out this work, which must be multiprofessional, interdisciplinary and intersectoral.Conclusions: Families face difficulties when their children are abused and when the situation gains notoriety, demanding interventions from many institutions. In this process, a pediatrician can guide and help them to guarantee the protection and healthy development of their children. To overcome challenges, health professionals have to be technically and emotionally prepared.J Pediatr (Rio J). 2005;81(5 Suppl):S173-S180: Child abuse, continuity of patient care.
Based upon some problems faced by health professionals in the care of abused children, this is a discussion of the ethical implications in family interventions aiming to protect these children. Accepting the prima facie principle that violence is morally wrong, some issues related to the children's rights as well as some ethical theories such as consequentialism, utilitarianism and deontology are discussed. The conclusion is that the protection of these children is morally justifiable and the maintenance of the families' unity should always be attempted.
O tema violência intrafamiliar na concepção dos formadores dos profissionais de saúde
OBJETIVO: A violência contra a criança tem sido objeto de ação de várias instituições brasileiras. Poucos são os estudos sobre a estrutura e o funcionamento de serviços de assistência às vítimas. Realizou-se pesquisa para avaliar a dinâmica de atendimento do Programa SOS Criança e para oferecer subsídios para a avaliação de serviços que prestem atendimento similar. MÉTODOS: Foi feito um estudo de corte transversal de 976 formulários de registro de dados, relativos a casos atendidos pelo SOS Criança concluídos em 1993. Foram analisados: o tipo de serviço solicitado, os procedimentos de investigação da denúncia, a duração do acompanhamento e os encaminhamentos a outras instituições. RESULTADOS: Dentre os casos analisados, 587 referiam-se a denúncias de maus-tratos: 38,7% de abuso físico, 27,7% de negligência, 26,3% de abuso psicológico e 7,3% de abuso sexual. A maioria das denúncias (32,5%) foi feita por familiares das crianças. A investigação dos casos durou entre 126 e 212 dias, exigindo da equipe do Programa SOS uma média de 2,7 a 4,6 ações por caso investigado. A maioria dos casos foi encaminhada a outras instituições, principalmente às varas da Infância e da Família (44,0%). CONCLUSÃO: Detectou-se necessidade de haver capacitação permanente de pessoal e integração do Programa SOS Criança à rede de serviços sociais e de saúde.
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