SummaryIn animals and man, some forms of cutaneous papillomas are caused by papillomaviruses. Twelve different genotypes of bovine papillomavirus (BPV) have been identified. BPV-1 through BPV-12 are all strictly species-specific. BPV-1 and BPV-2 are associated with fibropapillomas in cattle; these tumors are formed by excessive proliferation of virus-infected dermal fibroblasts and epidermal keratinocytes. In the present study well known diagnostic procedures including histopathological, immunohistochemical and molecular methods were used for the diagnosis of bovine papillomavirus infection.Samples were taken randomly from five cattle with multiple cutaneous tumor formations for the diagnosis of bovine papillomavirus infection occurring commonly in herds.In the present study five cattle were examined for the presence of multiple cutaneous tumors. Cutaneous fibropapillomatosis were confirmed histopathologically and immunohistochemically. BPV-1 and BPV-2 which are etiological agents for the bovine cutaneous fibropapillomatosis were investigated by PCR. BPV serotyping was performed from five cattle all coming from three different farms. In conclusion papillomaviral DNA was detected by the PCR. The amplified long control region (LCR) DNA sequence was identical to that of BPV-1 and negative for the BPV-2 DNA. When considered economical impact of the disease associated with the abundance of the infection significance of protective measures and vaccine studies come forward. Keywords: Bovine papillomavirus type 1/2 (BPV-1/2), Fibropapilloma, Cattle Sığır Deri Papillomatozisinin Histopatolojik, İmmunohistokimyasal ve Moleküler Araştırılması ÖzetTüre özgü 12 farklı genotipi tanımlanmış sığır papillomavirusları (BPV), hayvanlar ve insanlarda deri papillomlarının bazı formlarına neden olurlar. Sığırlarda BPV-1 ve BPV-2 ile enfekte dermal fibroblast ve epidermal keratonositlerin aşırı çoğalması sonucunda fibropapillomlar oluşmaktadır. Bu çalışmada sığırların deri tümörlerinde etiyolojik ajanlardan biri olan papilloma viruslarının rolü araştırılmıştır. Papillomların yaygın olarak bulunduğu sürülerde, BPV enfeksiyonunun teşhisi amacıyla; rasgele seçilen multiple deri tümörleri bulunan beş sığırdan örnekler alındı. Araştırmada papilloma enfeksiyonunun teşhisine yönelik olarak dünyada uygulanırlığı kabul edilen histopatolojik, immunohistokimyasal ve moleküler yöntemler kullanıldı. Histopatolojik ve immunohistokimyasal metotlarla deri fibropapillomatozisleri doğrulandıktan sonra, sığır deri fibropapillomatozislerine neden olan BPV-1 ve BPV-2 nin rolü, üç çiftlikten alınan beş sığır örneğinde moleküler olarak PZR (polimeraz zincir reaksiyonu) yöntemi ile araştırıldı. Sonuçta PZR metodu ile BPV-1'in DNA zincirindeki kontrol bölgesi tespit edilmesine rağmen BPV-2 negatif bulundu. Etiyolojik nedeni ortaya konan bu araştırma ile enfeksiyonun yaygınlığına bağlı ekonomik girdiler değerlendirildiğinde çalışma sonucunda, aşı çalışmalarının ve koruyucu tedbirlerin önemi ön plana çıkmaktadır.

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Alterations in Serum Copper and Zinc Levels in Dogs Naturally Infested with Sarcoptes canisAbstract: The aim of this study was to determine the alterations in serum copper (Cu) and zinc (Zn) levels in dogs naturally infested with Sarcoptes canis. Twenty dogs, aged 3--15 months in different breeds and genders, were divided into two groups: 10, admitted to the Internal Medicine Clinics of Kafkas University Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, were infested with Sarcoptes canis and (Group I) and 10 were healthy (Group II). The serum Cu and Zn levels in Group I were determined as 0.83 ± 0.13 mg/L and 0.70 ± 0.08 mg/L, respectively while the values in Group II 4.27 ± 0.23 mg/L and 1.70 ± 0.13 mg/L, respectively. Statistical analyses demonstrated that the levels of serum Cu (P<0.001) and Zn (P<0.05) of animals in Group I were significantly lower than those in Group II. As a result, it was ascertained that serum Cu and Zn levels were lower in dogs infested with Sarcoptes canis as compared to those in healthy dogs. Therefore, it was concluded that serum Cu and Zn levels were affected by Sarcoptes canis infestation.

Aim:This study has been conducted for the purpose of determining serum hepcidin, total antioxidant status (TAS), total oxidant status (TOS), and Fe levels in calves with suspected neonatal septicemia before and after treatment and the clinical significance of hepcidin in calves with suspected neonatal septicemia.Materials and Methods:The study material consisted of 15 calves of different ages and sexes brought to the Training, Research and Application Center at the Kafkas University Faculty of Veterinary Medicine with suspected neonatal septicemia. 8.5 mL of blood was drawn from the jugular vein of each animal into coagulant tubes before and after treatment for one-off biochemical analyses and centrifuged. After this, the serum was separated. Hepcidin, TAS, TOS, and Fe levels in the serum were measured.Results:While pre-treatment hepcidin levels were 58.42±3.46 ng/mL, post-treatment levels were 46.87±2.98 ng/mL (p<0.05). Pre-treatment Fe levels were 60.13±7.27 µg/dl, while post-treatment levels were 83.1±8.09 µg/dl (p<0.05). The changes in the TAS and TOS levels were also found to be statistically significant.Conclusion:In light of the fact that hepcidin plays a role function in the regulation of Fe as well as the fact that Fe is a significant nutritional source for many microorganisms, it was concluded that hepcidin may play a significant role in nutritional immunity and the pathogenesis of diseases.

SummaryThe primary objective of this study was to evaluate the relationship between passive immunity and growth performance in lambs in neonatal and post-neonatal periods. The study also evaluated the effect of gender, type of birth, birth weight and health of lambs, lambing season and dam's age on growth performance. This study included two crossbred Akkaraman flocks (n=301) in Kars, Turkey. The results disclosed that serum IgG concentration determined at 24 th of birth (SIgG-24) was significantly associated with growth performance in both periods (P<0.001) but this relationship was poor (R 2 =0.148 to 0.198). Neonatal growth performance was influenced only by birth weight, health status, SIgG-24 and type of birth (R 2 =0.527 to 0.721 P<0.001) on multiple stepwise regression analyses. The study also disclosed that post-neonatal growth performance was affected by all variables (P<0.001 R 2 =0.471 to 0.472). This study suggested that passive transfer cause a significant amount of variation in growth performance for lambs from birth to 12 weeks of life, a conclusion that has not previously been identified. It also disclosed positive association among growth performance, birth weight, type of birth, gender, health status of lambs, dam's age and lambing season. The growth performance was rendered by dam's age (≤2 years old), twin lambs, female lambs, winter lambing, illness, and birth weight of ≤3 kg. These factors should be taken into consideration and dealt with in order to increase growth performance so that which farm productivity and profitability is maintained. .471-0.472). Bu çalışma kuzularda pasif immunitenin ilk 12 haftalık dönem büyüme performası ile önemli oranda varyasyon gösterdiğini işaret etmektedir. Bu sonuç daha önce değerlendirilmemiştir. Çalışmada ayrıca doğum ağırlığı, doğum tipi, cinsiyet, sağlık durumu, anne yaşı ve kuzulama sezonunun da büyüme performansı üzerine etkili olduğu belirlendi. Kuzularda anne yaşının ≤2 olması, ikiz, dişi ve kış sezonunda doğması, hastalığa maruz kalması ve doğum ağırlığının ≤3 kg olmasıınn büyüme performansını azalttığı saptandı. Bu faktörler büyüme performansını artırmak için dikkatle ele alınması gerekmektedir. Böylece çiftlik verimliliği ve karlılığı arttırılabilir. This study was supported by TUBITAK (Project code; TOVAG 110 O 847)

İl le et ti iş şi im m ((C Co or rr re es sp po on nd de en nc ce e)) ℡ ℡ +90 474 2426807/1251

SummaryThis study consisted of twenty-five dermatophytotic cattle, aged 1.5-11 months obtained from Kars province and its surrounding, diagnosed as dermatophytosis following clinical and microbiologically. All animals were divided into two groups; trial group (n=15) and control group (n=10). The skin lesions of the trial animals were treated using a pomade containing 1% tioconazole once daily for a period of 5 days. In 12 of the trial animals the amount of keratinized tissue found in the dermatophytosis lesions decreased significantly following the 3 rd application and had disappeared completely after the 5 th application. On the other hand, the remaining 3 animals in the trial group were applied the medicament seven times due to the persistence of keratinized tissue in the lesions. In all of the animals administered with tioconazole, new hair growth in the site of the lesions resumed in the 3 rd -4 th weeks and complete recovery occurred within 7-8 weeks. In conclusion, 1% tioconazole, used for the first time for the treatment of bovine dermatophytosis in this study was found to be rather effective owing to its ease of application and strong therapeutic effect. Keywords: Cattle, Dermatophytosis, Tioconazole Sığır Dermatofitozisinin Tedavisinde %1'lik Tiokonazol'ün Lokal Kullanımının Etkinliği ÖzetÇalışma materyalini, Kars ve çevre köylerinden sağlanan, 1,5-11 aylık yaşta, klinik ve mikrobiyolojik olarak dermatofitozis tanısı konulan 15 deneme ve 10 kontrol olmak üzere, toplam 25 sığır oluşturdu. Deneme grubundaki hayvanların derilerindeki lezyonların üzerine %1 tiokonazol içeren kremden 5 gün boyunca günde 1 kez sürüldü. Deneme grubundaki hayvanlardan 12'sinde 3. uygulamayı takiben, dermatofitoz lezyonlarındaki keratinize dokuların büyük oranda azaldığı, 5. uygulama sonunda ise tamamen kaybolduğu görülürken 3 hayvanda keratinize doku dökülmediği için 7. uygulamaya gidildi. İlaç uygulanan tüm hayvanlarda lezyonlu bölgelerde 3-4. haftalarda kıllanmanın başladığı, 7-8. haftalarda ise tamamen iyileştiği görüldü. Sonuç olarak, sığırlarda dermatofitozis olgularının tedavisinde ilk olarak denenen %1'lik tiokonazol'ün, kullanımının kolay olması ve tedavi edici etkisinin yüksek olması nedeniyle, sığırlarda dermatofitozis olgularının sağaltımında oldukça etkili bulunmuştur.

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