Abstract. Our interest to search for anticancer bioactive compounds from Benalu Batu (Begonia sp), we applied molecular docking approach to identify the natural product compounds that might be responsible for anticancer activity with a specific target and selective inhibition mechanism. Our goal is to identify the potential anticancer compounds based on virtual screening on the protein of Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Tyrosine Kinase (EGFR-TK) as virtual inhibition target from reported chemical constituents of Begonia species. Molecular docking was performed by using open babel, SPORES, and PLANTS1.2 software under Fedora Linux operation system and validated based on Root Mean Square Deviation (RMSD) value. The 62 compounds from 9 species of Begonia were docked to the pocket of erlotinib binding site in EGFR-TK protein. The docking result showed that the compound type of alkaloid, steroidal glycoside, triterpenoid glycoside and flavonoid glycoside (polyphenol) have higher chemPLP docking score than other compounds and co-crystallized ligand erlotinib. This result suggested the high potential anticancer activity of alkaloid and glycoside type compounds from Begonia species that lead us to identify and isolate these types of compounds from Begonia sp.

Ethnomedicinal study on LedoKaili tribe has been conducted from January to April 2015 in Sigi Regency, Central Sulawesi. This study aims to know and to inventory the various species of plants, their parts, and ways of utilization used to treat any types of disease and how the by the tribe. This research is descriptive using qualitative methods and snowball sampling technique through open-ended interviews to 10 informants by using questionnaire. Based on the study results, plants used as medicine were known as many as 86 species coming from  37 familia in which four species have notbeen identified yet. The most widely used plants are from familia Zingiberaceae (8 species). Plant parts used include leaf, stem, fruit, root, rhizome, tuber, herb, bark, sap, and flower. Leafisthe part of the plant used with the highest percentage (53%). Local people use medicinal plants for purposes of chronic, infectious, and non-infectious diseases. Besides being able to treat people's illnesses,the plants were also used for body health care as well as dietary supplements. Ways of processing medicinal plants is done by boiling, crushing, squeezing, shredding and soaking. The most widely is boiled with percentage of 60%. As for how to use medicinal plants, the people use them in ways of drinking, eating, rubbing, dropping, and tapping/attaching. Drinking is the most usual way to use them with a percentage of 74%

Kapas (Gossypium barbadense L.) merupakan salah satu tanaman yang berpotensi dapat dikembangkan menjadi agen antibakteri. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kemampuan antibakteri senyawa kimia di dalam ekstrak etanol daun kapas terhadap bakteri Staphylococcus epidermidis dan Propionibacterium acnes yang ditandai dengan terbentuknya zona hambat. Ekstraksi daun kapas dilakukan secara maserasi menggunakan etanol 96%. Pengujian aktivitas antibakteri dilakukan dengan metode difusi agar dengan teknik sumuran dan ekstrak uji dibuat seri konsentrasi. Kromatografi lapis tipis (KLT) bioautografi dan pereaksi kromogenik digunakan dalam identifikasi golongan senyawa yang mempunyai aktivitas antibakteri. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak etanol daun kapas dengan konsentrasi 50% memberikan daya hambat terbesar terhadap Staphylococcus epidermidis dengan diameter 12,28±0,63 mm sedangkan ekstrak etanol 70% memberikan aktivitas terbesar terhadap Propionibacterium acnes dengan diameter 11,40±0,32 mm. Golongan senyawa yang diduga bertanggung jawab terhadap aktivitas antibakteri yaitu golongan flavonoid. Kata kunci: Antibakteri, Daun Kapas (Gossypium barbadense L.), Propionibacterium acnes, Staphylococcus epidermidis

Senyawa antioksidan dapat mengurangi efek buruk radikal bebas terhadap kulit. Daun kelor (Moringa oleifera Lam) mengandung senyawa antioksidan dengan potensi aktivitas yang kuat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membuat sediaan gel antioksidan dengan menggunakan karbomer sebagai basis gel dan ekstrak etanol daun kelor dengan konsentrasi untuk F0, F1, F2 dan F3 adalah 0%, 1%, 2% dan 3%, yang kemudian dievaluasi dan diuji aktivitas antioksidannya. Pengujian aktivitas antioksidan dilakukan dengan metode penentuan IC50 menggunakan reaksi DPPH (Difenil-2-pikrilhidrazil). Hasil uji aktivitas antioksidan ekstrak etanol daun kelor adalah 89,305 ppm dan vitamin C sebagai senyawa pembanding adalah 8,374 ppm. Evaluasi sediaan gel meliputi pengamatan homogenitas, organoleptis (warna, aroma dan konsistensi), viskositas dan pH selama 28 hari. Aktivitas antioksidan ekstrak etanol daun kelor dalam sediaan gel dihari pertama adalah 129,245 ppm (F1), 116,875 ppm (F2) dan 97,484 ppm (F3), sedangkan dihari ke-28 adalah 178,236 ppm (F1), 148,589 ppm (F2) dan 143,333 ppm (F3). Hasil uji sifat fisik sediaan gel menunjukkan bahwa semua sediaan gel homogen dan tidak mengalami perubahan warna dan aroma, sedangkan konsistensi dari hasil uji viskositas mengalami perubahan signifikan setelah 28 hari dan hasil uji pH semua sediaan selain F3 juga mengalami perubahan signifikan setelah 28 hari. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian ini, disimpulkan bahwa ekstrak etanol daun kelor dapat diformulasi dalam sedian gel antioksidan dengan konsentrasi terbaik adalah 3%

Abstract. Yusran Y, Erniwati E, Wahyuni D, Ramadhanil R, Khumaidi A. 2021. Diversity of macro fungus across three altitudinal ranges in Lore Lindu National Park, Central Sulawesi, Indonesia and their utilization by local residents. Biodiversitas 22: 199-210. A large amount of biodiversity research has been carried out in Lore Lindu National Park, a major biodiversity center in Central Sulawesi, Indonesia, but none have investigated the biodiversity of macrofungi and their traditional utilization. Therefore, this study aimed to explore the diversity of macro fungus in Lore Lindu National Park, and to identify their potential uses as food sources and medicinal uses by the local residents living around Lore Lindu National Park. Exploration of macrofungus species in Lore Lindu National Park was done at three locations representing three altitudinal ranges: (i) <500 m above sea level (asl); (ii) 500–1500 m asl; and >1500 m asl. Ten plots were placed in two major lines with a 100 m distance between plots in each sampling location. All macrofungi within the observation plots were then documented and identified. Ethnomycological studies were done by asking questionnaire to selective respondents, group discussion, and pictorial presentation studies to random respondents in five villages located in the buffer zone of the national park area. This study found 172 species (including unidentified species/sp.) from 33 families of macro fungus in Lore Lindu National Park in which 159 of them belong to the Basidiomycota division, while 13 of them were of the Ascomycota division. Our results also showed varying diversity of macrofungus at different altitudes. At the elevation of <500 m asl, as many 77 species were found, while 117 and 142 species were found at the elevation of 500-1500 and >1500 m asl, respectively. Marasmius spp and Hygrocybe spp were the most abundant genera, and nine species (i.e. Schizophyllum commune, Termytomyces sp, Auricularia auricular-judge, Auricularia sp., Pleurotus ostreatus, Ganoderma lucidum, Xylaria sp., Agaricus sp. dan Lentinus sajor-caju) were utilized as a food source and in traditional medicine by the residents around the national park area.

Jawa bark (Lannea coromandelica) is a part of the plant that can be used empirically for handling wounds. This study aims to determine the activity of ethanol extract of Jawa bark on healing wound and determine the effective dose compared with povidone iodine. The test animals used were white rats (Rattus norvegicus L.) consisting of 5 groups, namely negative control (vaseline without extract), positive control (povidone iodine), dose of 250 mg/kg BW, dose of 500 mg/kg BW, dose of 750 mg/kg BW. Each rat made an incision in the area parallel to the spine with 2 cm long and 2 mm deep. Measuring the length of the wound was done every day for 14 days. The data obtained were analyzed statistically using One Way Anova and followed by Post Hoc Duncan test. Statistical results showed that the ethanol extract of Jawa bark has an activity in curing slice where the effective dose is a dose of 500 mg/kg BW with a wound healing time of 12 days.

The isolation and identification of flavonoid compounds from ethanol extract of red dragon fruit (Hylocereus polyrhizus (F.A.C.Weber) Briton & Rose) have been done. Red dragon fruit extract was obtained by maceration of dragon fruit powder with 96% ethanol. The ethanol extract was then partitioned by liquid-liquid partition method using n-hexane, ethyl acetate and water, respectively. Ethyl acetate extract was separated by vacuum liquid chromatography, while the water extract was first hydrolyzed by HCl and then partitioned with ethyl acetate (ethyl acetate fraction). The results of the purification of the ethyl acetate extract by preparative TLC yielded five isolates. However, only the third isolates were positive flavonoid compounds. The UV-Vis spectral data of three isolates showed a peak at 330 nm (band I) and 280 nm (band II), and the addition of the diagnostic reagents did not show bathochromic and hipsochromic shifting. Based on the obtained data, the third isolate was suspected flavanones compound.

Gossypium sp. leaf is one of the plants that contain flavonoids that can act as antioxidants. This study aims to look at the effect of combination of the stearic acid and triethanolamine which function as emulsifier in creams and determine antioxidant activity of cream Gossypium sp. leaf extract. Cream is formulated with a variety of stearic acid and triethanolamine emulsifier that F1 (8%: 2%), F2 (12%: 3%), F3 (16%: 4%). Tests carried out at the first day and the 28th days. Evaluation preparations include organoleptic test, homogeneity, viscosity, pH, and type of the cream. The results showed that the variation of concentration emulsifier that fill quality preparations with some parameters such as organoleptic, homogeneity, the type of cream and viscosity. pH of cream does not qualify are 4.5-6, but still in the neutral pH range (pH ± 7). Antioxidant activity of the cream has a large reduce power at the first day DPPH reduce percent value for F1, F2, and F3 are 80,73%, 83,05% and 83,51% respectively, while after the storage at the 28th days DPPH reduce percent value for F1, F2, and F3 are 80,43%, 82,49% and 79,02% respectively. Preparation creams that fill physical quality cream is F1 by using emulsifier triethanolamine and stearic acid with a concentration of 8%: 2%