INTRODUCTIONOvarian tumours account for 3% of all cancers in females, being the second most common cancer of the female genital tract, next only to uterine cancer.1 They account for 30% of all cancers of the female genital tract.2 Ovarian tumours often go undetected and present at a later stage. This is due to their location, lack of early screening modalities and, lack of specific symptoms and signs suggestive of malignant nature. The advanced stage at presentation of ovarian cancers results in a low mean 5 year survival rate and a poor prognosis. 2 The ovarian tumours are highly heterogenous with a wide range of histologic patterns enumerated in the WHO classification. The gross appearances are useful to a certain extent in distinguishing the individual tumours, more so for the ABSTRACT Background: Ovarian tumours account for 3% of all cancers amongst women, being the second most common cancer of the female genital tract. The ovarian tumours are highly heterogenous with a wide range of histological patterns. Aim of current study was to study the histological patterns and the age incidence of the ovarian tumours in our institute. Methods:The present study is a prospective study conducted in the department of pathology, Andhra Medical College, from August 2011 to July 2013. Results: We received a total of 267 specimens of ovarian tumours during this period, out of which, 263 were primary and 4 were secondary tumours. Benign tumours were 209 (78.3%), borderline were 10 (3.7%) and malignant were 48 (18%) in numbers. Overall surface epithelial tumours constituted the majority of tumours accounting for 214 (80.2%) cases, followed by germ cell tumours 38 (14.2%) and sexcord stromal tumours 11 (4.1%). The single most common tumour diagnosed was serous cystadenoma. The most common malignant tumour was serous cystadenocarcinoma. The age groups affected ranged from 11-70 years. The peak age incidences for different histological types were as follows: surface epithelial tumours: 21-50 years, germ cell tumours: 21-30 years, sexcord stromal tumours: 51-60years. Benign tumours were more common in 21-40 years of age, borderline in 31-50 years and malignant tumours in 41-50 years age group. Conclusion:The results from our study were comparable with those reported in literature; however malignant serous and mucinous tumours showed a lower peak age incidence in our study. Krukenberg tumours also occurred in younger age group in our study.
BACKGROUND: Fibroids are benign smooth muscle neoplasms that may occur singly, but more often are multiple. Uterine tumors are the most common and the leading cause of hysterectomy in women. METHODS: The present study is a prospective study conducted in the department of pathology, Andhra Medical College, King George Hospital, Visakhapatnam in the period of one year, from March 2014 to March 2015. RESULTS: We received a total of 368 hysterectomy and 5 myomectomy specimens during this period, out of which, 249(66.7%) were single and 124(33.3%) were multiple. The age group ranged from 20 to 69. The most common location was intramural 243(65.1%) cases, subserosal were 51(13.7%), submucosal were 18(4.8%), cervical were 7(1.8%) and 2(0.5%) were broad ligament fibroids. The size ranged from as large as 19 cm to as small as seedling fibroids of size 0.1cm. Microscopically, the most common degeneration was hyaline degeneration 80 cases, 5 myxoid, 5 cystic and one case of chondroid degeneration. 6 cases showed calcifications. The most common age group was seen in the age group of 40-49 which were 207 cases (55.5%). 51(13.7%) cases were associated with adenomyosis. The results from our study were comparable with those reported in literature and provide a simple integrated pathogenetic view for further thinking, to establish new therapeutic options. CONCLUSIONS: The clinico-social and economic burden of uterine leiomyomas is increasing and requires future studies to clarify the etiopathogenesis and elaborate new and effective therapies for this condition.
Osteosarcoma is the most common primary malignant tumor of bone involving predominantly metaphysis of the long bones. It accounts for 20% of primary bone cancers. Diaphyseal osteosarcoma is a rare form which accounts for approximately 10% of all cases of osteosarcomas. We present a case of Small cell variant of osteosarcoma in a 25 year old female presented in the diaphysis of left tibia.
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