AbstrakPneumonia masih merupakan penyebab kesakitan dan kematian pada balita di negara berkembang.Faktor risiko pneumonia yang selalu ada (definite risk factor) meliputi gizi kurang, bayi berat lahir rendah (BBLR), tidak memberikan ASI, polusi udara di dalam ruang, dan pemukiman padat. Gejala pneumonia bervariasi bergantung pada usia penderita dan penyebab infeksinya. Tujuan penelitian ini menilai hubungan faktor risiko dan karakteristik gejala klinis dengan kejadian pneumonia pada balita. Penelitian cross sectional dilaksanakan di UPT Puskesmas Ibrahim Aji Kota Bandung periode April-Juni 2012 pada anak balita usia 6 bulan sampai dengan 59 bulan dengan diagnosis pneumonia dan bukan pneumonia berdasarkan kriteria WHO. Data demografis, faktor risiko, dan karakteristik gejala klinis dicatat dalam formulir penelitian. Penderita pneumonia pada balita terbanyak berusia 6-24 bulan (72%), berjenis kelamin laki-laki (63%), status gizi kurang (56%) berdasarkan BB/U, tidak BBLR (95%), diberikan ASI eksklusif (91%), dan imunisasi dasar lengkap (93%). Analisis uji hubungan antara kejadian pneumonia dan status gizi kurang berdasarkan BB/U didapatkan hasil p<0,001; r=-0,7 dengan lama demam (p=0,024; r=-0,2), lama batuk (p=0,048; r=-0,2), dan takipnea (p<0,001; r=-0,8). Simpulan, terdapat hubungan status gizi kurang, lama demam, lama batuk, dan takipnea dengan kejadian pneumonia pada balita. Kata kunci: Faktor risiko, gejala klinis, pneumonia, status gizi Correlation of Risk Factors and Clinical Characteristics with the Incidence of Pneumonia in Children under Five Years AbstractPneumonia is the leading infectious cause of death in children mostly in developing countries. Risk factors on pneumonia include malnutrition, low birth weight, non breastfeeding, air room pollution, and densely populated area. Symptoms of pneumonia vary depending on the age of the patient and cause infection. The purpose of this study was to assess the relationship risk factor and characteristic clinical symptoms with pneumonia. Cross-sectional study in Primary Health Care Ibrahim Aji Bandung during April-June 2012 among children aged 6 months to 59 months with a diagnosis of pneumonia and not pneumonia based on WHO criteria. Data on demographic, risk factor, and characteristics clinical symptoms were recorded. Pneumonia mostly attacking age 6-24 months (72%), male (63%), malnutrition status (56%) based on the weight/age, non low birth weight (95%), exclusive breastfeeding (91%), and immunization (93%). The association between the incidence of pneumonia with poor nutritional status (p<0.001, r=-0.7), duration of fever (p=0.024, r=-0.2), duration of coughing (p=0.048, r=-0.2) and tachypnoea (p<0.001, r=-0.8). In conclusion, there is a relationship between poor nutritional status, duration of fever, duration of coughing, and tachypnoea with pneumonia.
Demand of "dumbo" catfish is going to increase every year so that fry production should be increased in order to support intensification culture system to meet market demand. Intensification in fish culture system may cause decreasing of dissolved oxygen content and producing high level waste in the pond culture. The effort to control inorganic nitrogen in intensive culture system can be performed by adding wheat powder into fish culture media. This can support metabolic process of nitrogen by microbe and then produce protein in terms of bacteria biomass production, so that inorganic nitrogen in the water decreases. Fish can utilize protein from microbe efficiently. This study was conducted to examine effect of rearing density on "dumbo" catfish fry production in the culture system by controlling nitrogen content in water through addition of wheat powder. "Dumbo" catfish fry of 12-day old in average body weight of 0.046±0.006 gram and length of 1.7±0.9 cm were reared for 28 days in density of 400, 800 and 1200 fish/m 2 . The results of study showed that weight and body length of fry reached 1.35 gram and 5.1 cm, respectively. Average of daily growth and production were 10.47 -11.48% and 2.49 -3.54 g per day, respectively. Increased of rearing density was insignificantly (p>0.05) affected growth rate and daily production. Average growth in absolute length, survival rate and feed efficiency was about 2.7-3.2 cm, 36.20 -53.88% and 147 -172%, respectively. Increased in rearing density was followed by decreased growth in length (p<0.05), survival rate and feed efficiency.Keywords: "dumbo" catfish, Clarias, nitrogen, wheat, rearing density ABSTRAKPermintaan ikan lele dumbo terus meningkat setiap tahunnya sehingga diperlukan peningkatan produksi benih untuk mendukung intensifikasi usaha budidaya dalam rangka memenuhi permintaan pasar. Budidaya ikan secara intensif dapat menyebabkan menurunnya kadar oksigen air, sedangkan limbah yang dihasilkan tinggi. Upaya untuk mengendalikan nitrogen anorganik pada budidaya intensif dapat dilakukan melalui pemberian tepung terigu ke dalam media budidaya. Hal ini akan mendukung proses metabolisme nitrogen oleh mikroba dan akan menghasilkan protein dalam bentuk bakteri sehingga nitrogen anorganik dalam air menjadi berkurang. Protein mikroba yang dihasilkan dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai sumber protein yang efisien bagi ikan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh tingkat kepadatan terhadap produksi benih ikan lele dumbo pada sistem budidaya dengan pengendalian nitrogen melalui penambahan tepung terigu. Benih ikan lele dumbo (Clarias sp.) umur 12 hari dengan bobot rata-rata 0,046±0,006 gram dan panjang 1,7±0.9 cm dipelihara selama 28 hari dengan kepadatan 400 ekor/m 2 , 800 ekor/m 2 , 1200 ekor/m 2 . Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa benih ikan mengalami peningkatan ukuran berat (1,35 gram) dan panjang (5,1 cm). Nilai rata-rata pertumbuhan dan produksi harian masing-masing berkisar 10,47 -11,48% dan 2,49 -3,54 gr/hari. Peningkatan kepadatan tidak berpengaruh nyata (p>0,...
Abstract. Nurruhwati I, Ardiansyah F, Yuniarti, Yuliadi LPS, Partasasmita R. 2020. Benthic foraminifera as ecological indicators in the Tunda Island Waters Serang District, Banten Province, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 21: 3142-3148. Coral reef communities all across Southeast Asia are experiencing intense pressures from extensive tourism and massive coastal development. A prediction regarding coral reefs’ capacity to recover is a necessity since it is constantly exposed to damaging events such as mass bleaching and increased erosion. Tunda Island (which is highly rich in biodiversity and include coral reefs, mangrove forests, seagrass, and algae meadows) was sampled at 10 different sites in August 2019. Coral reefs are highly influenced by ecological factors such as temperature variability, salinity, DO, and pH. The assessments were conducted using the FORAM Index (FI) to accurately predict the capacity of coral reefs to recover based on relative abundances of symbiont-bearing larger benthic foraminifera in reef sediments. The FI values ranged from 3.7 to 7.9 with a median of 4.7 and the average of 5 indicates that the water quality should support the recovery of reefs by reef-building corals and symbiont-bearing larger benthic foraminifers. The lowest FI value sampled was recorded from a site with extensive human activities (FI=3.4), while the highest one was recorded from a site with minimal to none human activities (FI=7.9), which indicates that the deterioration of water quality is caused by wastes from tourism activities near the coastal area.
In Solok District, West Sumatra Province, farmers plant curly red chilies using the local variety Sukarami with simple cultivation technology. The resulting productivity is around 6-7 tonnes /ha. The Indonesian Agency for Agricultural Research and Development (IAARD) has introduced cultivation technology for red chilies namely ‘Proliga’ to increase productivity. The experiment was conducted in Sukarami Field Station in Solok Regency. Four treatments with Six replication have been applied, (1) Proliga cultivation technology using Kopay Variety (Proliga Kopay), (2) Proliga cultivation technology using Kencana Variety (Proliga Kencana), (3) Proliga cultivation technology using Sukarami Variety (Proliga Sukarami), (4) Farmer’s cultivation technology using Sukarami Local Variety. The results show that the application of Proliga technology increases the yield. The largest increases were obtained through the application of Proliga technology using Sukarami local variety, with a revenue value of Rp. 209,448 million / ha or an increase of 57.44% compared to the Farmer’s cultivation technology using Sukarami Local Variety. The R/C and MBCR values of the Proliga Sukarami technology are 1.51 and 2.36 respectively.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
hi@scite.ai
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.