<p>Abstrak</p><p>Proses penggorengan akan menyebabkan perubahan mutu minyak akibat reaksi hidrolisis, oksidasi dan proses termal. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perubahan mutu minyak kelapa dan minyak sawit selama penggorengan. Minyak kelapa dan minyak sawit masing-masing digunakan untuk menggoreng kentang pada suhu 170°C selama 15 menit. Minyak tersebut digunakan untuk 3 kali penggorengan. Pada akhir penggorengan dilakukan pengambilan sampel minyak untuk dievaluasi kadar air, kadar asam lemak bebas, bilangan peroksida dan bilangan TBA (Tiobarbituric acid). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sebelum penggorengan minyak kelapa dan minyak sawit memiliki kadar air yang hampir sama, tetapi kadar asam lemak bebas, angka peroksida dan TBA minyak kelapa lebih rendah dibanding minyak sawit. Selama penggorengan minyak kelapa dan minyak sawit menunjukkan pola perubahan kadar air yang hampir sama. Pada 1 kali dan 2 kali penggorengan kadar asam lemak bebas, angka peroksida dan angka TBA minyak kelapa dan minyak sawit cenderung berfluktuasi. Pada 3 kali penggorengan minyak kelapa memiliki kadar asam lemak bebas, angka peroksida dan angka TBA yang lebih rendah dibandingkan minyak sawit. Hasil yang diperoleh menunjukkan bahwa minyak kelapa lebih stabil terhadap reaksi oksidasi dibanding minyak sawit selama penggorengan.</p><p> </p><p>Pattern of Coconut Oil and Palm Oil Quality During Frying</p><p>ABSTRACT</p><p> </p><p>Frying was a process which affected the quality of oil due to hydrolysis, oxidation and thermal reactions. The aim of the research was to study the quality pattern of coconut oil and palm oil quality during frying. The oils were utilized to fry french fries at 170°C for 15 minutes and then used in frying process for 3 times. Samples of oil were taken at the end of each frying period and analyzed for its moisture, free fatty acid, peroxide and TBA (tiobarbituric acid) values. The results showed that, coconut oil and palm oil having similary moisture content before and during frying. Otherwise free fatty acid, peroxide and TBA values at coconut oil lower then palm oil. During 1 and 2 times of frying period these two oils showed fluctuation in free fatty acid, peroxide and TBA values. During 3 times of frying, coconut oil contained free fatty acid, peroxide and TBA value lower than palm oi. Thus, we consider that coconut oil was more stable to oxidation compared to palm oil during frying</p>
ABSTRAK<br />Sebagai produsen mete, agroindustri mete di Indonesia masih belum<br />berkembang. Sekitar 36% produksi masih diekspor dalam bentuk<br />gelondong. Pengembangan agroindustri mete yang mengandalkan industri<br />besar tidak berjalan baik. Untuk itu perlu dicari pola yang tepat untuk<br />pengembangan agroindustri mete. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan<br />system dengan menerapkan metode AHP (Analytic Hierarchy Process)<br />untuk menentukan skenario terbaik pengembangan industri mete nasional<br />yang kuat. Akuisisi pendapat pakar dilakukan dengan wawancara intensif<br />dan melalui FGD terhadap tujuh pakar di Bogor pada bulan Februari 2007.<br />Faktor penentu keberhasilan pengembangan agroindustri mete dengan<br />tingkat kepentingan relatif tertinggi adalah ketersediaan bahan baku.<br />Faktor ini sangat ditentukan oleh kinerja aktor petani dalam usahataninya,<br />sehingga aktor petani memiliki tingkat kepentingan relatif tertinggi di<br />antara ketiga aktor penentu. Kinerja usahatani ditentukan oleh<br />terpenuhinya obyektif dari aktor petani terutama obyektif pendapatan<br />usahatani yang baik. Dari ketiga skenario pola pengembangan industri<br />mete, pola industri dengan basis industri kecil skala rumah tangga untuk<br />pengacipan yang ditunjang industri pengolahan kulit mete ditingkat<br />kabupaten sentra produksi mete dipilih sebagai pola terbaik karena dapat<br />memenuhi seluruh obyektif petani dengan baik. Kebijakan yang perlu<br />diambil dalam membangun industri mete dengan pola terpilih adalah<br />dengan membentuk klaster industri mete di kabupaten sentra produksi<br />mete, meningkatkan pendapatan petani melalui pengenalan budidaya<br />anjuran, tanaman sela dan diversifikasi hasil, serta mendorong per-<br />dagangan kacang mete ke negara-negara terdekat pengimpor kacang mete<br />seperti Australia, Jepang, Uni Emirat Arab dan Arab Saudi.<br />Kata kunci : Jambu mete, Anacardium occidentale, AHP, agroindustri,<br />klaster<br />ABSTRACT<br />Assortment of patrons of cashew agroindustry<br />development<br />As a cashew producer, Indonesia’s cashew agroindustry has not<br />been developed yet. Around 36% of cashew production is exported<br />without being processed. For that reason, a proper patron of cashew<br />agroindustry development should be found. This research used system<br />approach. AHP method had been applied to judge the best scenario of the<br />patron of cashew agroindustry development. Acquisition of expert<br />judgement had been done by intensive interview and FGD to seven expert<br />in Bogor in February 2007. The analysis showed that raw material of<br />cashew supply is the most important determinant factor in developing<br />cashew agroindustry. Performance of this factor is depend on the<br />performance of farmers in managing their farming. This condition put<br />farmers as the most important actor in developing cashew agroindustry.<br />The performance of the farmers depends on how the scenario can fulfill<br />the objectives of the farmers. From three scenarios judged, cashew<br />agroindustry based on home industry in cashew central production<br />regencies is the best scenario that can fulfil all objectives of the farmer.<br />Policies should be taken in developing cashew agroindustry using this<br />scenario are: building clusters of the cashew industry in cashew central<br />production regencies, Increasing farmers income from their farming by<br />introducing good farming systems, intercropping, product diversification<br />of cashew and increasing cashew nut export to importer countries such as<br />Australia, Japan, Uni Emirate Arab and Saudi Arabia.<br />Key words: Cashew, Anacardium occidentale, AHP, agroindustry, cluster
<p>Metode AHP (analytical hierarchy process) digunakan untuk menganalisis faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi keberhasilan usahatani jambu mete. Data dikumpulkan melalui wawancara secara mendalam dengan para ahli mete dan melalui wawancara terstruktur dengan petani jambu mete di empat desa dalam dua kecamatan di Kabupaten Kendari dan di empat desa dalam dua kecamatan di Kabupaten Buton, Sulawesi Tenggara yang dilaksanakan pada bulan Mei 2002. Hasil analisis menunjukkan ada 12 faktor penentu yaitu modal, tenaga kerja, sarana produksi, lahan, teknologi, managerial, lembaga pemasaran, transportasi, informasi pemasaran, kelompok tani, penyuluh dan lembaga keuangan. Empat faktor, yaitu tenaga kerja, sarana produksi, lembaga pemasaran dan transportasi bcrada dalam kondisi dapat diterima. Tiga faktor yaitu modal, lahan dan kelompok tani bcrada dalam kondisi sangat buruk, sedangkan lima faktor lainnya berada dalam kondisi buruk. Dilihat dari nilai kcpentingannya, tiga faktor yaitu modal yang kondisinya sangat buruk, teknologi dan informasi pemasaran yang kondisinya buruk, memiliki tingkat kepentingan yang tinggi. Ha] ini menunjukkan pioritas pembenahan usahatani jambu mete harus diarahkan pada ketiga faktor tersebut.</p><p>Kata kunci: Anacardium occidentale L, usahatani, faktor penentu</p><p> </p><p><strong>ABSTRACT </strong></p><p><strong>Analysis of determinant factors in cashew farming performance in Southeast Sulawesi</strong></p><p>Analytical hierarchy process (AHP) method was applied to analyze determinant factors in cashew farming performance. Data were collected through indepth interview with cashew experts and through structured interview with cashew farmers in four villages in two districts in Kendari Regency and in four villages in two districts in Buton Regency, Southeast Sulawesi in May 2002. The results showed that there were 12 determinant factors, i.e. the availability of capital, labour, input production, land condition, technology, managerial, market institution, transportation, market information, farmers institution, farming instructor, and financial institution. Four factors, labour, input production, transportation and market institution are in fair condition. Three factors, capital, land and fanners institution were in very poor condition. And the rest ive factors were in poor condition. The effort to increase the cashew farming performance has to be focused on capital, technology and market information factors which are in poor or very poor conditions and are crucial determinants.</p><p>Key words: Anacardium occidentale L, farming, determinant factors</p>
In Solok District, West Sumatra Province, farmers plant curly red chilies using the local variety Sukarami with simple cultivation technology. The resulting productivity is around 6-7 tonnes /ha. The Indonesian Agency for Agricultural Research and Development (IAARD) has introduced cultivation technology for red chilies namely ‘Proliga’ to increase productivity. The experiment was conducted in Sukarami Field Station in Solok Regency. Four treatments with Six replication have been applied, (1) Proliga cultivation technology using Kopay Variety (Proliga Kopay), (2) Proliga cultivation technology using Kencana Variety (Proliga Kencana), (3) Proliga cultivation technology using Sukarami Variety (Proliga Sukarami), (4) Farmer’s cultivation technology using Sukarami Local Variety. The results show that the application of Proliga technology increases the yield. The largest increases were obtained through the application of Proliga technology using Sukarami local variety, with a revenue value of Rp. 209,448 million / ha or an increase of 57.44% compared to the Farmer’s cultivation technology using Sukarami Local Variety. The R/C and MBCR values of the Proliga Sukarami technology are 1.51 and 2.36 respectively.
Abstract. Rubiyo, Dewi YA, Imran, Salim A, Baharudin, Indrawanto C, Ratule MT. 2020. Evaluation of yield and pest and disease resistance of cocoa clones in Kolaka District, Southeast Sulawesi, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 21: 5698-5607. Cocoa is one of the main plantation commodities in Indonesia. It is an important source of foreign exchange and employment. Currently, Indonesian cocoa production and productivity, including in Southeast Sulawesi, are declining due to pests and diseases. In addition, there is a lack of high-quality and high-yielding clones. This study aimed to evaluate the quality of cocoa clones and resistance to cocoa pod borer (CPB) and cocoa pod rot (CPR) disease caused by the fungus Phytophthora palmivora. The study tested 12 cocoa clones, which included four high-yielding clones. The research location was in Lambandia Subdistrict, Kolaka District, Southeast Sulawesi Province, Indonesia. Clonal planting material was propagated by grafting in 2010. The study used a randomized block design and the treatments consisted of 20 plants of each cocoa clone with three replications. The clones were evaluated from 2018 to 2019. The observed variables included resistance to CPB and CPR. The results of the study based on the quality component showed that the clones MT, M04, and M01 had the highest average weight per one dry bean of 1.55 g, 1.64 g, and 1.24 g, respectively. Beans produced by clones MT, M01, and M04 had an average fat content of 53.36%, 52.72%, and 50.76%, respectively. Observations of the average number of pods with CPR showed that the lowest rate of attack (about 6%) was in BAL 209 and PT. Ladongi clones, with attack intensities of 20% and 18%, respectively; therefore, these clones were classified as resistant to CPR. Evaluation of the level of resistance to attack by CPB pests found two resistant clones, PT. Ladongi and Sulawesi 2, with light levels of attack on beans.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
hi@scite.ai
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.