The effects of popular diets on type 2 diabetes management

Chester, Brittannie; Babu, Jeganathan Ramesh; Greene, Michael W.; Geetha, Thangiah

doi:10.1002/dmrr.3188

Cited by 49 publications

(45 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…Maternal nutrition is crucial in GDM metabolic control. Modified diet interventions favourable influence outcomes related to maternal glycemia and birth weight 30 and the follow‐up of nutritional advices, such as consumption of low‐glycemic index carbohydrates, has largely improved the metabolic control in this prevalent gestational disease 31,32 . In the last years, the nutrigenomic concepts brought to a new dimension the interaction of nutrients and the genome, with implications in multiple diseases, including GDM 33 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An extra virgin olive oil‐enriched diet improves maternal, placental, and cord blood parameters in GDM pregnancies

Ribot

Diaz

Fazio

et al. 2020

Diabetes Metabolism Res

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Aims To address the effect of a diet enriched in extra virgin olive oil (EVOO) on maternal metabolic parameters and placental proinflammatory markers in Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) patients. Methods Pregnant women at 24‐28 weeks of gestation were enrolled: 33 GDM patients which were randomly assigned or not to the EVOO‐enriched group and 17 healthy controls. Metabolic parameters were determined. Peroxisome proliferator activated receptor (PPAR) γ and PPARα protein expression, expression of microRNA (miR)‐130a and miR‐518d (which respectively target these PPAR isoforms) and levels of proinflammatory markers were evaluated in term placentas. Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) activity was evaluated in term placentas and umbilical cord blood. Results GDM patients that received the EVOO‐enriched diet showed reduced pregnancy weight gain (GDM‐EVOO:10.3 ± 0.9, GDM:14.2 ± 1.4, P = .03) and reduced triglyceridemia (GDM‐EVOO:231 ± 14, GDM:292 ± 21, P = .02) compared to the non‐EVOO‐enriched GDM group. In GDM placentas, the EVOO‐enriched diet did not regulate PPARγ protein expression or miR‐130a expression, but prevented the reduced PPARα protein expression (P = .02 vs GDM) and the increased miR‐518d expression (P = .009 vs GDM). Increased proinflammatory markers (interleukin‐1β, tumour necrosis factor‐α and nitric oxide overproduction) in GDM placentas were prevented by the EVOO‐enriched diet (respectively P = .001, P = .001 and P = .01 vs GDM). MMPs overactivity was prevented in placenta and umbilical cord blood in the EVOO‐enriched GDM group (MMP‐9: respectively P = .01 and P = .001 vs GDM). Conclusions A diet enriched in EVOO in GDM patients reduced maternal triglyceridemia and weight gain and has antiinflammatory properties in placenta and umbilical cord blood, possibly mediated by the regulation of PPAR pathways.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An extra virgin olive oil‐enriched diet improves maternal, placental, and cord blood parameters in GDM pregnancies

Ribot

Diaz

Fazio

et al. 2020

Diabetes Metabolism Res

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…However, some known risk factors for hypertension, such as unhealthy diet [ 40 ], were not associated with the incidence of hypertension in this study. The reason for this result may be that compared with the general population, diabetic patients may focus on healthy living habits, which may due to the ability of diabetic patients to get more medical attention and more information about health improvement measures, such as diabetics tended to control blood sugar by reducing the intake of high-fat and high-oil foods [ 41 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A simple nomogram score for screening patients with type 2 diabetes to detect those with hypertension: A cross-sectional study based on a large community survey in China

et al. 2020

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Objectives Compared with unaffected individuals, patients with type 2 diabetes (T2DM) have higher risk of hypertension, and diabetes combined with hypertension can lead to server cardiovascular disease. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to establish a simple nomogram model to identify the determinants of hypertension in patients with T2DM and to quickly calculate the probability of hypertension in individuals with T2DM. Materials and methods A total of 643,439 subjects participating in the national physical examination has been recruited in this cross-sectional study. After excluding unqualified subjects, 30,507 adults with T2DM were included in the final analysis. 21,355 and 9,152 subjects were randomly assigned to the model developing group and validation group, respectively, with a ratio of 7:3. The potential risk factors used in this study to assess hypertension in patients with T2DM included questionnaire investigation and physical measurement variables. We used the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator models to optimize feature selection, and the multivariable logistic regression analysis was for predicting model. Discrimination and calibration were assessed using the receiver operating curve (ROC) and calibration curve. Results The results showed that the major determinants of hypertension in patients with T2DM were age, gender, drinking, exercise, smoking, obesity and atherosclerotic vascular disease. The area under ROC curve of developing group and validation group are both 0.814, indicating that the prediction model owns high disease recognition ability. The p values of the two calibration curves are 0.625 and 0.445, suggesting that the nomogram gives good calibration. Conclusion The individualized nomogram model can facilitate improved screening and early identification of patients with hypertension in T2DM. This procedure will be useful in developing regions with high epidemiological risk and poor socioeconomic status just like Urumqi, in Northern China.

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“…4 5 Low-carbohydrate, ketogenic, vegan, and Mediterranean diets have been shown to improve glycemic levels in patients with T2DM. 4 Metabolism drugs may be used to maintain blood glucose at normal levels by decreasing sugar absorption, enhancing insulin production, inhibiting glucose reabsorption, and facilitating glucose excretion. 6 Lifestyle modification and antidiabetic drugs may not be always suitable and convenient for all patients with T2DM, particularly those who are elderly, disabled, or who suffer from drug allergies.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lactobacillus salivariusAP-32 andLactobacillus reuteriGL-104 decrease glycemic levels and attenuate diabetes-mediated liver and kidney injury in db/db mice

Hsieh

et al. 2020

BMJ Open Diab Res Care

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ObjectivesPatients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) exhibit strong insulin resistance or abnormal insulin production. Probiotics, which are beneficial live micro-organisms residing naturally in the intestinal tract, play indispensable roles in the regulation of host metabolism. However, the detailed mechanisms remain unclear. Here, we evaluate the mechanisms by which probiotic strains mediate glycemic regulation in the host. The findings should enable the development of a safe and natural treatment for patients with T2DM.Research designs and methodsSugar consumption by more than 20 strains of Lactobacillus species was first evaluated. The probiotic strains that exhibited high efficiency of sugar consumption were further coincubated with Caco-2 cells to evaluate the regulation of sugar absorption in gut epithelial cells. Finally, potential probiotic strains were selected and introduced into a T2DM animal model to study their therapeutic efficacy.ResultsAmong the tested strains, Lactobacillus salivarius AP-32 and L. reuteri GL-104 had higher monosaccharide consumption rates and regulated the expression of monosaccharide transporters. Glucose transporter type-5 and Na+-coupled glucose transporter mRNAs were downregulated in Caco-2 cells after AP-32 and GL-104 treatment, resulting in the modulation of intestinal hexose uptake. Animal studies revealed that diabetic mice treated with AP-32, GL-104, or both showed significantly decreased fasting blood glucose levels, improved glucose tolerance and blood lipid profiles, and attenuated diabetes-mediated liver and kidney injury.ConclusionOur data elucidate a novel role for probiotics in glycemic regulation in the host. L. salivarius AP-32 and L. reuteri GL-104 directly reduce monosaccharide transporter expression in gut cells and have potential as therapeutic probiotics for patients with T2DM.

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The effects of popular diets on type 2 diabetes management

Cited by 49 publications

References 48 publications

An extra virgin olive oil‐enriched diet improves maternal, placental, and cord blood parameters in GDM pregnancies

An extra virgin olive oil‐enriched diet improves maternal, placental, and cord blood parameters in GDM pregnancies

A simple nomogram score for screening patients with type 2 diabetes to detect those with hypertension: A cross-sectional study based on a large community survey in China

Lactobacillus salivariusAP-32 andLactobacillus reuteriGL-104 decrease glycemic levels and attenuate diabetes-mediated liver and kidney injury in db/db mice

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