The Characteristics of Nutmeg (Myristica Fragrans Houtt) Growth Using Agroforestry System in Ternate Island, Indonesia

Abstract

Nutmeg (Myristica spp.) is a high economic value spice crops which is spread on the whole area of Ternate Island, North Maluku province. Nutmeg is generally cultivated using agroforestry system with many varieties of populations and species which is supposed to influence the characteristics of nutmeg plants and micro climate. Thus, understanding the plant characteristics and microclimate of nutmeg plantation using agroforestry system is very important. Nutmeg plantation using agroforestry system is a mix between nutmeg as the main crop with other crops such as cloves, coconut and others. The focus of this research is to understand the characteristics of nutmeg, especially crop production components which cover the number and weight of seeds, microclimate as well as variations of population and diversity. This research employed observation method in which the sample was purposively set as many as 30 plants, using point-centered quarter sampling method. The results showed that agroforestry system affect the characteristics of nutmeg plants and the microclimate. The optimum plant population of 200 plants ha-1 with diversity of 1.38, had higher number and seed weight target -1 than the population of 100 plants ha -1 with diversity of 0.78 or population of 300 plants ha -1 with diversity of 0.82.

Pangan dalam Kebun, Model Pertanian Petani Kepulauan: Analisis karakteristik lahan dan pendapatan petani Pulau Ternate

“…397.010.500 (BPS, 2022). Perkebunan tanaman cengkeh dan pala merupakan tanaman rakyat yang diusahakan turun temurun dan telah menjadi Ternate sebagai pusat perdagangan rempahrempah nusantara (Cortés-Rojas et al, 2014;Tjokrodiningrat et al, 2016) sehingga pada abad ke-15 mendatangkan para saudagarsaudagar Arab, India, Cina untuk membeli dan membangun hubungan dagang dengan kesultanan Ternate dan Tidore, selain itu juga di awal abad ke-16 datanglah pedagang-pedagang Eropa Portugis dan Spanyol serta Belanda yang kemudian menjadi penjajah di negeri jazirah Al-Mulk (Tomagola, 1995dalam Ruray, 2019.…”

Government Policy and Regulation to Support the International Trade of Maluku High-Grade Nutmeg Commodity in Spatial Perspective Overview

“…The Province of Maluku is one of the five biggest nutmeg producer provinces in Indonesia (Tjokrodiningrat, et al, 2016), besides North Maluku, Aceh, North Sulawesi, and West Papua. According to Supriadi from Spice and Medicinal Plant Research Institute, Indonesia is the largest nutmeg producer in the world that supplies around 66-77% world market, in which most of the nutmeg plantations (99.2%) are cultivated by crofters from the five provinces (Table 2) (Direktorat Jendral Perkebunan, 2017).…”

Perbanyakan Tanaman Pala (Myristica fragrans Houtt) Dengan Metode Pembiakan Vegetatif

“…Rata-rata produksi pala nasional hanya berkisar 0,204 ton per hektar dan untuk produksi di Provinsi Maluku Utara hanya 0,174 ton per hektar. Menurut (Tjokrodiningrat, et al, 2016;Suryadi (2017) berdasarkan potensi lahan maka pengembangan areal tanam dan peningkatan produksi pala di Indonesia dapat ditingkatkan. Pengembangan luas areal pertanaman pala menggunakan metode sambungan (grafting) dari sumber varietas unggul, maka produktivitas dapat ditingkatkan dari 472 kg/tahun menjadi 1.500 kg/tahun.…”