The biopore infiltration hole with organic material litter can increase the soil capacity to accommodate and store soil moisture. This study was aimed to determine the effect of biopores and organic material litter on soil moisture storage and the relationship of climatic conditions on soil moisture storage. The experiment was carried out on clove plantations on Ternate Island, North Maluku from December 2018 to February 2019. This study used a factorial randomized block design. The first factor was the biopores with a depth of 50 cm and 90 cm, and the second factor was 4 types of organic material litters in the form of nutmeg leaves, clove leaves, Guinea grass leaves and a mixture of clove leaves and Guinea grass. The factors observed were total soil water storage and at depths of 0-20, 20-40, 40-60 and 60-80 cm; organic matter content; C/N ratio and soil total N. Data analysis used the GenStat program with analysis of variance test (ANOVA) and Duncan's Multiple Distance Test. Results of the study showed that evaporation and percolation are climatic factors that affect water loss. Increase in soil water storage at 20-40 cm soil depth of 107.56 mm was yielded by the treatment of 50 cm biopore and Guinea grass leaf litter but it was not significantly different from the 50 cm biopore and clove leaf litter + chicken manure treatment. The treatment of biopore and organic material litter also increased the organic matter and soil total N and decreased the soil C/N ratio, but it did not have a significant effect.

Produksi pertanian terutama pangan dan hortikultura (sayur) oleh petani di Pulau Ternate menyesuaikan dengan ketersediaan lahan sesuai karakteristik kepulauan. Tujuan penelitian untuk mengidentifikasi karakteristik lahan dan jenis tanaman serta pendapatan budidaya tanaman pangan dan sayur dibawah tegakan tanaman perkebunan. Penelitian dilakukan di lapangan melalui pengamatan, wawancara dan kuesioner selanjutnya dilakukan analisis deskriptif untuk melihat peluang pengembangan usahatani.  Hasil penelitian menunjukkan 53 % lahan pertanian budidaya tanaman pangan dan sayur dilakukan pada bentuk lahan perbukitan dengan kemiringan lereng 3-8 (landai) ;  28% pada kemiringan lereng 8-15% (agak landai) dan hanya 9 % petani Kota Ternate mengusahakan tanaman pangan dan sayur pada lahan 0-3% (datar sampai agak datar). Jenis tanaman yang dibudidayakan secara tumpang sari dan sistem gilir adalah jenis sayuran petola, mentimun, kacang panjang (Paket I); Sayur kangkung cabut dan bayam (paket II); Tomat dan cabe (paket III) dan kacang tanah, jagung (paket IV); campuran sayur lilin, terong, pepaya dan pisang burung (paket V). Tanaman paket I lebih banyak diusahakan (44%), sedangkan peluang usaha berdasarkan harga dan permintaan konsumen adalah tanaman paket II (kangkung cabut dan bayam). Nilai rasio R/C dan rasio B/C usaha tani tanaman pangan dan hortikultura (sayuran) paket I sampai paket V di kebun cengkeh dan pala adalah >1, artinya menguntungkan untuk dikembangbangkan pada usaha tani petani kepulauan.

In 2015, the clove plants on Ternate Island experienced a drought and dead in the dry season. This study aimed to discover the potential for rainwater and soil moisture as well as the management to meet the water needs of clove plants. This research was conducted from October 2018 to March 2019 on Ternate Islan. The soil data (pF 2.4 and 4.2) and effective depth at 12 land units. The climate data for 2008 to 2017. The data analysis used the water balance approach of the Thornthwaite-Mather method, the Penman-Monteith method, Darcy's law of the SPAW model, and the CropWat 8.0 software. The results showed that the total rainfall was 2307.3 mm/year. The average soil moisture storage (STo) was 134.5 mm. During the dry season, the total rainfall was 1660.4 mm/year. The potential evapotranspiration was 1561.2 mm/year. The water needs for the clove plantation in the tree phase during the dry season was 640.1 mm/year or 53.3 mm/month and increased from the water needs for clove plants in normal conditions which was 607.1 mm/month. The strategies for managing the water needs for the clove plants during dry season were harvesting rainwater during surplus in December and January for storage and increasing soil moisture during water deficit in February and March, using the biopore infiltration hole technology made from organic material from clove leaf litter. Further research on the water needs for clove plants in the vegetative phase.

Batang bawah berpengaruh terhadap tingkat keberhasilan kompatibiltas secara vegetatif melalui metode grafting. Mengetahui salah satu umur batang bawah terbaik yang menentukan tingkat persentase keberhasilan metode grafting menjadi tujuan penelitian ini dilakukan. Metode yang digunakan adalah Rancangan Acak Kelompok dengan 3 perlakuan perbedaan umur batang bawah 60 hari, 90 hari dan 120 hari. Hasil penelitian bahwa perbedaan umur batang bawah mempengaruhi 90% keberhasilan pembiakan vegetatif metode sambungan terhadap kemunculan tunas baru dan jumlah daun. Persentase kerberhasilan tertinggi pada perlakuan bibit batang bawah umur 60 hari (48,75%). Jumlah daun tertinggi pada perlakuan umur bibit pala 60 hari (6 helai) sedangkan yang terendah pada perlakuan umur bibit pala 120 hari (3 helai).

Land and climate are important land potentials in agricultural ventures. Land other than as a medium also grows water storage for plants. Rainfall is the climate element of the water provider for plants. Clove Plant as one of the main plantation plants that are cultivated on farmland by the people of Ternate Island. Dry season, clove plants suffer from drought and die of water shortages. This research was conducted to find out (1) the level of the available lengthen; (2) The physical nature of soil and climatic conditions as an influential land potential as well as its management against the availability of water in clove plant land. The method of surveying and sampling soil is piqued and not affected at depths of 0-20, 20-40, and 40-60. Measurement of infiltration using double ring infiltrometer and surface flow Chinometer method. Analysis of soil lengthen, texture, body weight, density, saturated hydraulic conductivity and C-organic in the laboratory. Descriptive analysis, correlation statistics and regression are used for the data processing of research results. The results of the study, showed that there are available soil cloves plant land ranging from 0.09-0.32 cm3/cm3. On average, the available perlayer is 0.20 cm3/cm3 in layers 0-20 cm, 0.21 cm3/cm3 at 20-40 and 0.13 cm3/cm3 layers at 40-60 cm layer. Soil weight (r = 0.5519; R2 = 0.304), porosity (r = 0.5769; R2 = 0.332), and saturated hydraulic conductivity (r = 0.5430; R2 = 0.294) strong impact on the available level of Lengeven. Organic materials and dust fractions are influential enough strongly against the available downsides. Rainfall 113.2 mm and the rate of infiltration between 2.60-0.46 cm/min could potentially increase water availability, while evaporation of 13.9 mm and the surface flow of 14.10 mm could potentially decrease water availability in the soil. The amount of rainfall in Ternate is 2,307.3 mm/year and the evapotranspiration (ETc) of 1,288.2 mm/year. Clove Age plant production requires water as much as 1,521.7 mm/year then carried out irrigation water for 33.4 mm/year.