1997
DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9673(96)00945-4
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Stability of silica-based, endcapped columns with pH 7 and 11 mobile phases for reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography

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Cited by 163 publications
(83 citation statements)
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“…The use of a second silanization step, substituting the long alkyl chain with a methyl group using reagents such as trimethylchlorosilane (TCMS) and/or hexamethyldisilazane (HMDS), produces the classic "end-capping" reaction 29,30 and significantly reduces the number of residual silanol groups and the resulting ion-exchange reactions with basic compounds as well as enhancing the stability of the resulting phase. These end-capping reactions continue to be useful for reducing silanol activity even after other preparative procedures, such as those described below, were developed.…”
Section: Chemically Bonded Stationary Phasesmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The use of a second silanization step, substituting the long alkyl chain with a methyl group using reagents such as trimethylchlorosilane (TCMS) and/or hexamethyldisilazane (HMDS), produces the classic "end-capping" reaction 29,30 and significantly reduces the number of residual silanol groups and the resulting ion-exchange reactions with basic compounds as well as enhancing the stability of the resulting phase. These end-capping reactions continue to be useful for reducing silanol activity even after other preparative procedures, such as those described below, were developed.…”
Section: Chemically Bonded Stationary Phasesmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Os grupos silanóis e siloxanos (ºSi-O-Siº) reagem com estas fases móveis, sofrendo dissolução, causando perda da fase estacionária e, eventualmente, colapso da estrutura do leito da coluna 5,6 . Este problema de instabilidade em soluções de pH baixo 7 ou alto [8][9][10] é muito importante em CLAE-FR, sendo que soluções com pH 2,5 ou pH 9,0 são recomendadas 11 para a análise de diversos compostos contendo, em sua estrutura, grupos ácidos como carboxílicos e fenólicos e básicos como aminas e amidas, tais como os encontrados em, por exemplo, fármacos e pesticidas.…”
Section: Suportesunclassified
“…However, contemporary silica-based reversed-phase (RP) HPLC packings still have two major limits. First, basic compounds always suffer from peak tailing and poor efficiency due to detrimental ionic interactions with acidic silanol groups [1][2][3]; second, the mobile phases are only allowed within the pH range of 2-8 due to the poor chemical stability of silica-based packings [4][5][6][7][8]. Peak tailing problem of basic solutes can be reduced by increasing the mobile phase pH above the analyte pK a , where the analyte molecules will perform under ion suppression conditions [9][10][11][12], the same is true for the analyses of anionic analytes performed under low pH condition [12].…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Peak tailing problem of basic solutes can be reduced by increasing the mobile phase pH above the analyte pK a , where the analyte molecules will perform under ion suppression conditions [9][10][11][12], the same is true for the analyses of anionic analytes performed under low pH condition [12]. Nevertheless, when mobile phases are used with pH < 2 [4,13], the covalently bonded Si O Si organic ligands are susceptible to hydrolysis, and with pH > 8, dissolution of silica substrate is substantially accelerated, which results in a loss of column efficiency and an increase in column back pressure [7,14]. While improving the chemical stability of silica particles is significant for extended pH chromatographic application, it is also a challenging task.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%