Abstract:ABSTRACT. This study aimed to investigate the effects of growth regulators on germination rates and biochemical compound concentrations in Carica papaya L. seeds ('Formosa' group). The seeds were harvested from fruits at maturation stages 3 and 5 (50 and 75% yellow fruit skin, respectively). The effects of 2-chloroethylphosphonic acid (CEPA), KNO 3 and gibberellic acid (GA 3 ) on seed germination, germination index speed, soluble sugars, starch, lipids, soluble proteins and total proteins of the papaya seeds w… Show more
“…The application of a combined hormone regulator brings cross‐responses between dormancy and germination when there is a modification of gibberellin/abscisic acid relationships. The use of gibberellic acid (gibberellin) increases germination by reducing the concentrations of abscisic acid, the main promoter of seed dormancy (Zanotti, Dias, Barros, DaMatta, & Oliveira, ). Abscisic acid regulates the mobilization of storage lipids in the endosperm.…”
It is necessary to increase the rates of initial growth of pastures for use during the better planting period. Thus, two experiments were used to evaluate the effect of plant growth regulator (PGR; auxins, gibberellins and cytokinins) in seeds types (coated with polymer coating fungicide and conventional method) and nitrogen fertilization methods in Brachiaria decumbens cv. Basilisk on the germination, growth, development and physiological composition. From the regression estimates, lower levels of PGR (10.3; 12.8; 8.85 and 9.57 ml/kg for germination percentage, germination speed index, leaf and pseudostem, respectively) were recommended in coated seeds when compared to conventional method (untreated seeds, with polymer coating and fungicide). Leaf and pseudostem mass production had a significant interaction effect between seed type and the use of growth regulator. Coated seeds (with fungicide and polymers after scarification) had greater performance with absence or at lower levels (8.85 and 9.57 ml/kg seed) of growth regulators. This was not observed for conventional seeds, the higher doses (15.5 and 18.1 ml/kg) presented higher development for the same characteristics. In second experiment, rates of photoassimilate were increased by soil fertilization and use of PGRs. No influence of foliar fertilization was observed when used exclusively, but N‐fertilization multiple and soil promotes an increase in chlorophyll content and mass yield, respectively. The use of exogenous hormonal compounds acts on the organogenesis of plant tissues and increases the formation of plant tissues and acts in the promotion of germination and development of structures, making it a key tool in pasture establishment.
“…The application of a combined hormone regulator brings cross‐responses between dormancy and germination when there is a modification of gibberellin/abscisic acid relationships. The use of gibberellic acid (gibberellin) increases germination by reducing the concentrations of abscisic acid, the main promoter of seed dormancy (Zanotti, Dias, Barros, DaMatta, & Oliveira, ). Abscisic acid regulates the mobilization of storage lipids in the endosperm.…”
It is necessary to increase the rates of initial growth of pastures for use during the better planting period. Thus, two experiments were used to evaluate the effect of plant growth regulator (PGR; auxins, gibberellins and cytokinins) in seeds types (coated with polymer coating fungicide and conventional method) and nitrogen fertilization methods in Brachiaria decumbens cv. Basilisk on the germination, growth, development and physiological composition. From the regression estimates, lower levels of PGR (10.3; 12.8; 8.85 and 9.57 ml/kg for germination percentage, germination speed index, leaf and pseudostem, respectively) were recommended in coated seeds when compared to conventional method (untreated seeds, with polymer coating and fungicide). Leaf and pseudostem mass production had a significant interaction effect between seed type and the use of growth regulator. Coated seeds (with fungicide and polymers after scarification) had greater performance with absence or at lower levels (8.85 and 9.57 ml/kg seed) of growth regulators. This was not observed for conventional seeds, the higher doses (15.5 and 18.1 ml/kg) presented higher development for the same characteristics. In second experiment, rates of photoassimilate were increased by soil fertilization and use of PGRs. No influence of foliar fertilization was observed when used exclusively, but N‐fertilization multiple and soil promotes an increase in chlorophyll content and mass yield, respectively. The use of exogenous hormonal compounds acts on the organogenesis of plant tissues and increases the formation of plant tissues and acts in the promotion of germination and development of structures, making it a key tool in pasture establishment.
“…Cytokinins promoted seed germination in the present study which could be, as for GA, through modulation of protein synthesis (26,37,38). This group of growth-promoting PGRs has been indicated in regulating seed germination and is active in all stages (16,39).…”
Plant growth regulators (PGRs) were involved in several types of abiotic stress responses by means of improving seed germination and modifying the growth and development of medicinally important Lepidium sativum via alleviating the negative effects of abiotic stresses. Therefore, the present research was carried out to investigate the effects of exogenous application of PGRson seed germination, protein content and β-galactosidase activity of L. sativum. Germination of L. sativum seeds was monitored for a short interval after the start of incubation until growth became 100%. While cytokinin treatment showed a positive effect on seed germination more than Gibberellic acid (GA), salicylic acid (SA) produced a higher negative effect than auxins. Quantifying changes in total protein content during seed germination as influenced by PGRs revealed that all PGRs have to exert a positive effect arranged in the following order: SA ˃ auxin ˃ cytokinin ˃ GA. Parallel to changes in germination percentage and total protein content of seed, a negative effect was attainedon β-galactosidase specific activity in response to PGRs with the following arrangement: SA ˃ auxin ˃ cytokinin ˃ GA.In conclusion, the present study proposed the potential importance of the type and magnitude of exogenously applied PGRs during the germination of easily or even more difficult-to-germinate seeds.
“…This effect has been verified in several plant species. Zanotti et al (2014) observed that gibberellin was responsible for promoting greater mobilization of lipids in papaya seeds, and it can also be the substrate for producing energy for the germination process in the gluconeogenesis process, according to Heldt and Piechulla (2011). In their evaluations, the use of gibberellin in seed treatment was effective in promoting almost double the germination in relation to the control treatment.…”
It is possible to cultivate common beans for a third harvest in one agricultural year due to varietal characteristics. For calendar adequacy, performing desiccation and planting often occur almost simultaneously. Germination performance of many plant species can improve with biostimulant use on seeds, however the interaction with herbicide residual molecules is unknown. The hypothesis is that seeds treated with a biostimulant in soil with glyphosate residues can eliminate the advantage of the biostimulant or increase the damage caused by the herbicide. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of different glyphosate reduce doses and the interaction with biostimulant on bean seed germination and vigor. The experiment was conducted using a completely randomized 2 x 5 factorial block designing factorial 2 x 5, corresponding to the presence and absence of biostimulant and five different doses of glyphosate reduce rates, with four repetitions. The conducted evaluations were first count germination, germination test, accelerated aging, cold test, root and shoot length, root and shoot dry matter and electrical conductivity. It can be concluded that the biostimulant treatment on bean seeds increased germination, seed vigor and early seedling growth, but glyphosate presence reduced those advantages, increasing electrical conductivity. However, the herbicide presence provided higher germination on the accelerated aging test.
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