Interceptações de pragas quarentenárias e ausentes não regulamentadas em material vegetal importado

Abstract

Resumo -O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar as informações qualitativas e quantitativas sobre as interceptações de pragas ausentes não regulamentadas e quarentenárias em material vegetal importado. As informações sobre interceptações de pragas pelo serviço de quarentena vegetal da Embrapa, no período de 1977 a 2013, foram obtidas em um banco de dados, atas laboratoriais e listas de interceptação publicadas. As interceptações foram analisadas de acordo com regulamentação das pragas, espécie vegetal, parte vegetal importada e origem. O material foi categorizado em sementes botânicas e material de propagação vegetativa. No período do levantamento, foram interceptadas 75 espécies de pragas em 114 eventos de interceptação. Fungos, vírus e ácaros constituem a maior parte das interceptações, e a maioria delas ocorreu em lírio, oliveira, trigo, uva, arroz, batata e maçã. A taxa média anual de infestação/infecção do material vegetal analisado é de 2% dos processos de importação. O material para propagação vegetativa apresentou maior taxa de infestação/infecção por pragas do que as sementes botânicas. Das espécies-pragas interceptadas, 63% não são regulamentadas como quarentenárias para o Brasil. Esses resultados indicam a necessidade premente de revisão da atual lista de pragas quarentenárias do País.Termos para indexação: defesa fitossanitária, intercâmbio de germoplasma, patologia de sementes, quarentena de pós-entrada, sanidade de material de propagação vegetativa, sanidade vegetal. Interceptions of quarantine and absent non-regulated pests in imported plant materialAbstract -The objective of this work was to evaluate qualitative and quantitative information on interceptions of quarantine and absent non-regulated pests in imported plant material. Information concerning pest interceptions by Embrapa's plant quarantine service during the period of 1977-2013 was obtained from a database, laboratory reports, and published lists of intercepted pests. Data interceptions were evaluated according to pest regulations, plant species, imported plant parts, and origin of importation. The plant material was categorized as botanical seeds and plant material for vegetative propagation. In the survey period, 75 pest species were intercepted in 114 interception events. Fungi, viruses, and mites were the most intercepted ones, and most interceptions occurred in lily, olive, wheat, grapes, rice, potato, and apple. The average annual rate of infestation/infection of the evaluated plant material was 2% of the import processes. The material for vegetative propagation had a higher rate of infestation/infection with pests than botanical seeds. Of the intercepted pests species, 63% are not regulated as quarantine pests for Brazil. These results indicate the urgent need to review the current list of quarantine pests in the country.Index terms: plant protection, germplasm exchange, seed pathology, post-entry quarantine, sanity of plant material for vegetative propagation, plant health. IntroduçãoO intercâmbio de material vegetal entre os país...

Suitable areas for invasive insect pests in Brazil and the potential impacts for eucalyptus forestry

“…According to the Brazilian Ministry of Agriculture, Livestock and Food Supply, five out of the nine species studied here are considered absent quarantine pests: E. maideni , O. postica , S. anale , and T. sloanei . A study compiling information on pest interception in the Brazilian territory between 1977 and 2013 found that more than half of the intercept species (63%) were considered absent non‐regulated species 53 . When only insects were considered, 17% of the intercepted species were non‐regulated.…”

“…A study compiling information on pest interception in the Brazilian territory between 1977 and 2013 found that more than half of the intercept species (63%) were considered absent non-regulated species. 53 When only insects were considered, 17% of the intercepted species were non-regulated. These authors conclude that the review of the quarantine list by phytosanitary authorities is an urgent need.…”