Evaluation of residual monomer elimination methods in three different fissure sealants in vitro

Abstract

The aim of this study was to determine the concentration of residual monomers and to evaluate the effectiveness of elimination methods of residual monomers in three different fissure sealant materials (Helioseal F, Filtek Flow and EXM-510). The sealant materials were divided into four subgroups because of the treatment methods used; one control group and three experimental groups (cotton roll, rubber cup and prophylaxis paste in cup). High performance liquid chromatography was used to determine the concentrations of residual monomers. Results of the study showed that residual Bis-glycidyl dimethacrylate elution was the highest in Helioseal F and the lowest in Filtek Flow with the three methods tested. For triethleneglycol dimethacrylate, EXM-510 eluted the highest residual monomer. It was also found that although the three tested methods were insufficient for removing all of the residual monomers and rubbing with cotton rolls was more effective than other two methods.

Evaluation of residual monomer release and toxicity of self-adhesive resin cements

“…Organic solvents have the ability to penetrate and swell the polymer network, facilitating the liberation of unreacted and leachable monomers. Penetration of the solvent into the matrix and the resultant expansion of the openings between polymer chains cause oligomers to diffuse out 22) . The intraoral fluids represent solvents with characteristics probably somewhere between the more aggressive organic solvents and water; the US FDA recommends using a 75% ethanol-water solution as a food/oral simulating liquid with clinical relevance 18,24) .…”

“…The degradation of resins in the oral cavity depends on salivary enzymatic reactions, acidic conditions and erosive factors caused by food and drinks 23) ; therefore, organic solvents such as ethanol, methanol, or mixtures of these solvents with water are especially preferred when simulating oral conditions 18,22) . Organic solvents have the ability to penetrate and swell the polymer network, facilitating the liberation of unreacted and leachable monomers.…”

“…Crosslinked dimethacrylate resins are virtually insoluble but are capable of swelling in good solvents 18,22) . The degradation of resins in the oral cavity depends on salivary enzymatic reactions, acidic conditions and erosive factors caused by food and drinks 23) ; therefore, organic solvents such as ethanol, methanol, or mixtures of these solvents with water are especially preferred when simulating oral conditions 18,22) .…”

Light transmittance characteristics and refractive indices of light-activated pit and fissure sealants

“…This result indicates that the light-attenuating effect of enamel and the material itself would considerately reduce the light energy reaching to the material in deep pits and fissures, and could affect the polymerization efficiency of the material. Less than optimal polymerization of resin could lead to allergic reactions and diminish physical and mechanical properties such as water sorption, strength, and wear resistance, and result in loss of the material 1,17) . Thus, special care must be taken regarding the optimal polymerization of materials with lower light transmittance levels in deep pits and fissures.…”

Distribution and Excretion of BisGMA in Guinea Pigs

“…Among the components of most bonding and restorative resins are: (1) a primary resin, usually bisphenol-A-glycidyldimethacrylate (BisGMA); and (2) triethyleneglycoldimethacrylate (TEGDMA), which is included to compensate for the high viscosity of the primary resin. Resin composites contain BisGMA in amounts varying from 5-9 wt% (Munksgaard et al, 2000), while fissure sealants contain BisGMA in the range 10-50% (Komurcuoglu et al, 2005).…”