No abstract

No abstract

The aim of this study was to determine the concentration of residual monomers and to evaluate the effectiveness of elimination methods of residual monomers in three different fissure sealant materials (Helioseal F, Filtek Flow and EXM-510). The sealant materials were divided into four subgroups because of the treatment methods used; one control group and three experimental groups (cotton roll, rubber cup and prophylaxis paste in cup). High performance liquid chromatography was used to determine the concentrations of residual monomers. Results of the study showed that residual Bis-glycidyl dimethacrylate elution was the highest in Helioseal F and the lowest in Filtek Flow with the three methods tested. For triethleneglycol dimethacrylate, EXM-510 eluted the highest residual monomer. It was also found that although the three tested methods were insufficient for removing all of the residual monomers and rubbing with cotton rolls was more effective than other two methods.

No abstract

No abstract

No abstract

Turkish Raki is a type of traditional aniseed spirit produced in different areas of Turkey. The amounts and the repartition of the alcoholic fermentation products (fusel alcohols, esters, and aldehydes) are mainly responsible for the flavours and quality of the spirit. Previous studies have been carried out on the quantification of the volatiles of the different aniseed spirits using GC and GC-MS. In this study of 20 different commercial brands of bottled Raki and 5 homemade Turkish Raki products, the major volatiles and methanol were determined using direct injection with GC-MS. SPME extraction was also used as a confirmation method for the separation of Raki volatiles. Eight different substances were successfully identified using SPME extraction. The results indicated that some homemade Turkish Raki products from the different regions contained slightly higher concentrations of the most studied compounds. The toxic compound methanol was detected only at a level far below the acceptable legal limit.

In this study, niosome formulations were prepared and evaluated for their effects on improving the oral bioavailability of paclitaxel (PCT). Niosomes were prepared from Span 40 and coated with bioadhesive carbopol polymers. The niosomes encapsulated 98.7% ± 0.8 of the initially added PCT and their size ranged from 133 ± 6 nm to 320 ± 6 nm. The stability of Carbopol 974P coated niosomes in bile salts was better than uncoated niosomes. Extended release of PCT was observed. After oral administration of formulations to Wistar rats, higher drug plasma concentrations were observed for niosomes comparing to PCT suspension. The high PCT accumulation in intestine and liver obtained after Carbopol 974P coated niosomes administration indicated their potential regarding effective treatment of localized carcinomas in intestine and liver. The relative bioavailability of PCT was increased 3.8- and 1.4-fold by uncoated and Carbopol 974P coated niosomes emphasizing the ability of niosomes on improving the oral bioavailability of PCT.