Background: It is not clear how BMP-induced chondrocyte maturation is cell-autonomously terminated. Results: BMP-2 induced the ceramide-generating enzyme neutral sphingomyelinase 2 (nSMase2) in chondrocytes, whereas silencing of nSMase2 enhanced maturation in an Akt signaling-dependent manner. Conclusion: nSMase2 signaling regulates BMP-induced chondrocyte maturation as a negative feedback mechanism. Significance: This study elucidated the novel link between BMP and lipid signaling in chondrogenesis.
A method of measuring the elastic modulus of oral soft tissue was developed and used to determining the elastic moduli of oral soft tissue in two patients and of two elastomeric impression materials. The elastic modulus of oral soft tissue varied considerably according to positions measured and became slightly higher, compared with that of elastomeric impression materials. These results suggest that the accuracy of dental impression is affected by the viscoelastic properties of oral soft tissue. The developed instrument was also found to be appropriate for the comparative assessment of rheological properties of oral soft tissue and impression material.
The present study demonstrated that TNP-470 had an inhibitory effect on tumour-induced angiogenesis and a significant anti-tumour effect on Renca. This suggests that TNP-470 could be useful in the treatment of renal cell carcinoma. Further studies are needed to clarify whether TNP-470 is more effective when combined with other drugs such as interferons.
Background:The mechanisms by which Hivep3 regulates the osteochondrogenesis remain elusive. Results: Knockdown of Hivep3 down-regulated Alg2 expression. Alg2 suppressed osteoblast differentiation by inhibiting the activity of Runx2. Alg2 silencing suppressed the expression of Creb3l2 and chondrogenesis. Conclusion: Alg2 may be a modulator of osteochondrogenesis. Significance: This is the first report to describe the association of an Alg gene with osteochondrogenesis.
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