Effects of Daily and Interval Feeding of Sapindus rarak Saponins on Protozoa, Rumen Fermentation Parameters and Digestibility in Sheep

Wina, Elizabeth; Muetzel, S.; Becker, Klaus

doi:10.5713/ajas.2006.1580

Cited by 15 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…Thalib et al (2010) also reported that CRM supplementation (combination of S. rarak and Acetoanaerobium noterae) reduced methane production by 24% in sheep fed on fermented rice straw basal diet. The results of the current study and previous studies reported by Sukmawati et al (2011), Thalib et al (2004; and Wina et al (2006) indicated that saponin from S. rarak was able to be used as a methane inhibitor. Similar to S. rarak, tea saponin could also decrease methane production by 27.7% in growing lambs (Mao et al 2010).…”

Section: Parametersupporting

confidence: 88%

Complete Rumen Modifier Supplementation in Corn Cob Silage Basal Diet of Lamb Reduces Methane Emission

Yulistiani¹,

Puastuti²,

Haryanto³

et al. 2017

Indones. J. Agric. Sci.

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<p>Feeding animal with fibrous materials such as corn cob will emit methane. Complete rumen modifier (CRM) is an improved feed additive comprised a mixture of Sapindus rarak, sesbania, albizia leaves and minerals that functions as a methane inhibitor. The study aimed to determine the effect of CRM supplementation on the feed intake, nutrient digestibility, rumen fermentation, methane emission and growth of lambs. The experiment was designed in a complete randomized block, four levels of CRM (0%, 1%, 2%, and 3%), six group of 24 male lambs per treatment based on the body weight. Basal diet used was corn cob silage ad libitum and concentrate (500 g/day) as a supplement. The results showed that CRM supplementation did not affect feed consumption and average daily gain, but significantly decreased the dry matter, as well as organic matter and protein digestibility. The neutral detergent fiber (NDF) and acid detergent fiber (ADF) digestibility linearly decreased with increasing level of CRM. Ruminal pH, ammonia concentration and volatile fatty acid (VFA) concentration were not affected by the CRM supplementation. Methane production expressed in kJ/MJ gross energy (GE) or digestible energy (DE) intake significantly decreased by 32% at the 2–3% CRM supplementation and reduced by 39% when methane production was expressed in g/kg digested NDF. It can be concluded that 2% CRM supplementation in the corn cob basal diet did not affect nutrient intake and growth rate of the lamb, as well as rumen fermentation. The study suggests that CRM is an environmentally friendly feed additive for lamb</p>

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Section: Parametersupporting

confidence: 88%

Complete Rumen Modifier Supplementation in Corn Cob Silage Basal Diet of Lamb Reduces Methane Emission

Yulistiani¹,

Puastuti²,

Haryanto³

et al. 2017

Indones. J. Agric. Sci.

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“…The antiprotozoal effect of saponins is related to their interaction with the sterol moiety which is present in the membrane of protozoa ( Patra and Saxena, 2009 ). It has been suggested that saponins with the same aglycone may have a different effect on protozoa depending on the sugar composition and arrangement ( Wina et al, 2006 ). This effect seems to be transitory due to the cleavage of the glycosidic bond by rumen microbes ( Newbold et al, 1997 ).…”

Section: Manipulation Of Rumen Protozoamentioning

confidence: 99%

The Role of Ciliate Protozoa in the Rumen

et al. 2015

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First described in 1843, Rumen protozoa with their striking appearance were assumed to be important for the welfare of their host. However, despite contributing up to 50% of the bio-mass in the rumen, the role of protozoa in rumen microbial ecosystem remains unclear. Phylogenetic analysis of 18S rDNA libraries generated from the rumen of cattle, sheep, and goats has revealed an unexpected diversity of ciliated protozoa although variation in gene copy number between species makes it difficult to obtain absolute quantification. Despite repeated attempts it has proven impossible to maintain rumen protozoa in axenic culture. Thus it has been difficult to establish conclusively a role of ciliate protozoa in rumen fiber degradation. The development of techniques to clone and express ciliate genes in λ phage, together with bioinformatic indices to confirm the ciliate origin of the genes has allowed the isolation and characterization of fibrolytic genes from rumen protozoa. Elimination of the ciliate protozoa increases microbial protein supply by up to 30% and reduces methane production by up to 11%. Our recent findings suggest that holotrich protozoa play a disproportionate role in supporting methanogenesis whilst the small Entodinium are responsible for much of the bacterial protein turnover. As yet no method to control protozoa in the rumen that is safe and practically applicable has been developed, however a range of plant extract capable of controlling if not completely eliminating rumen protozoa have been described.

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“…In the present study, experimental diets were designed to be isoenergy with different levels of crude protein. Furthermore, depressed rumen protozoa population in defaunated ruminant may give more chance for proteolitic bacteria to degrade dietary protein (Wina et al, 2006;Mao et al, 2010;Istiqomah et al, 2011).…”

Section: Nutrient Intake and Digestibilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

COMBINATION OF SOYBEAN MEAL AND Hibiscus tiliaceus LEAF IN THE GOAT DIET: EFFECT ON SOME PARAMETERS OF PROTEIN METABOLISM

Akhsan¹,

Nuswantara²,

Achmadi³

2015

J. Indonesian Trop. Anim. Agric.

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Enam belas ekor kambing Peranakan Etawa digunakan untuk mengkaji pengaruh saponin daun waru yang dikombinasikan dengan suplementasi protein bungkil kedelai terhadap beberapa parameter dalam metabolisme protein. Kambing memiliki rerata bobot badan sekitar 16 kg dengan rerata umur 7 bulan. Pakan perlakuan terdiri dari: T 0 = Pakan komplit (Saponin 0,90%, PK 8%, TDN 62%), T 1 = T 0 + 3% protein bungkil kedelai, T 2 = T 0 + 6% protein bungkil kedelai, T 3 = T 0 + 9% protein bungkil kelapa. Penelitian dilakukan berdasarkan rancangan acak lengkap. Parameter yang diamati dalam penelitian ini yaitu konsumsi bahan kering (BK) dan protein kasar (PK), kecernaan bahan kering dan protein kasar, konsentrasi amonia rumen, konsentrasi VFA total, urea darah, retensi nitrogen, kecernaan bahan organik dalam rumen (KBOR), allantoin urin, estimasi sintesis nitrogen mikroba. Konsumsi bahan kering, KBOR, konsentrasi allantoin urin dan estimasi sintesis nitrogen mikroba tidak dipengaruhi oleh perlakuan secara nyata. Konsumsi PK, kecernaan BK dan PK, konsentrasi NH 3 dan VFA total cairan rumen, urea darah dan retensi nitrogen meningkat (P<0,05) seiring dengan peningkatan level bungkil kedelai. Keseimbangan level energi harus dipertimbangkan pada suplementasi protein pakan kambing yang mengandung Hibiscus tiliaceus.

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Effects of Daily and Interval Feeding of Sapindus rarak Saponins on Protozoa, Rumen Fermentation Parameters and Digestibility in Sheep

Cited by 15 publications

References 43 publications

Complete Rumen Modifier Supplementation in Corn Cob Silage Basal Diet of Lamb Reduces Methane Emission

Complete Rumen Modifier Supplementation in Corn Cob Silage Basal Diet of Lamb Reduces Methane Emission

The Role of Ciliate Protozoa in the Rumen

COMBINATION OF SOYBEAN MEAL AND Hibiscus tiliaceus LEAF IN THE GOAT DIET: EFFECT ON SOME PARAMETERS OF PROTEIN METABOLISM

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