Crescimento Inicial Do Maracujazeiro Amarelo Manejado Em Dois Substrastos Irrigados Com Água Salina

Abstract

CRESCIMENTO INICIAL DO MARACUJAZEIRO AMARELO MANEJADO EM DOIS SUBSTRASTOS IRRIGADOS COM ÁGUA SALINA Lourival Ferreira Cavalcante1; Geocleber Gomes de Sousa2; Saulo Cabral Gondim3; Fernando Luiz Figueiredo1; Ítalo Herbert Lucena Cavalcante4; Adriana Araujo Diniz51Departamento de Solos e Engenharia Rural, Centro de Ciências Agrárias, Universidade Federal da Paraíba, Areia, PB, lofeca@cca.ufpb.br 2Solos e Nutrição de Plantas, Centro de Ciências Agrárias, Universidade Federal Ceará, Fortaleza, CE3Recursos Naturais, Universidade Federal de Campina Grande, Campina Grande, PBUniversidade Federal do Piauí, Bom Jesus, PI5Centro de Ciências Agrárias, Universidade Federal da Paraíba, Areia, PB 1 RESUMO O trabalho foi realizado, no período de outubro a dezembro de 2006, em ambiente protegido do CCA/UFPB – Campus II, Areia, PB, com o objetivo de avaliar os efeitos da salinidade da água de irrigação sobre o crescimento inicial do maracujazeiro amarelo (Passiflora edulis f. flavicarpa Deg) cultivado em diferentes substratos. Os tratamentos foram distribuídos em blocos casualizados com três repetições e 12 unidades experimentais por parcela, arranjados num fatorial 5 x 2, referentes aos valores de condutividade elétrica da água de irrigação ( 0,4; 1,0; 2,0; 3,0 e 4,0 dS m-1 ) e dois substratos, sendo um mais arenoso (Solo Neossolo Regolítico) e o outro mais argiloso, constituído por uma mistura do Neossolo Regolítico (50% ) mais Nitossolo Vermelho eutrófico (50%). O aumento da salinidade da água de irrigação elevou expressivamente o caráter salino dos substratos, refletindo-se na redução do crescimento pelo diâmetro caulinar, área foliar, produção de biomassa das raízes e parte aérea das plantas em ambos os casos, porém com maior intensidade no substrato constituído pela mistura de parte iguais dos solos Neossolo Regolítco e Nitossolo Vermelho. UNITERMOS: Salinidade, irrigação, Passiflora edulis, condutividade elétrica CAVALCANTE, L. F.; SOUSA, G. G. de; GONDIM, S. C.; FIGUEIREDO, F. L.; CAVALCANTE, Í. H. L.; DINIZ, A. A. INITIAL GROWTH OF YELLOW PASSION FRUIT CROPED IN TWO SUBSTRATS MANAGED WITH SALINE WATER IN TWO SUBSTRATES 2 ABSTRACT This study was carried out, during the period of October /2006 to December /2006, in green house conditions from Agrarian Sciences Center , Federal University of Paraíba, Paraíba State, Brazil, in order to evaluate the effects of water salinity on initial growth of yellow passion plants (Passiflora edulis f. flavicarpa Deg) cultivated in different substrates. Treatments were distributed in a randomized blocks experimental design with three repetitions and 12 experimental units per parcel, in a factorial arrangement 5 x 2, referring to electrical conductivity of irrigation water levels (0.4; 1.0; 2.0; 3.0 e 4.0 dS m-1) and two substrates, being a sandy (Entisol) and a clay, composed by a mixture of Entisol (50%) and Eutrophic Red Nitosol (50%). The increasing of irrigation water salinity expressively enhanced the saline index of the substrate, reflecting in a plant growth reduction related to stem diameter, leaf area, root mass production and shoot mass production of both substrates, but more expressive for the one with equal parts of Entisol and Red Nitosol. KEYWORDS: Salinity, irrigation, Passiflora edulis, electric conductivity

Phytomass and quality of yellow passion fruit seedlings under salt stress and silicon fertilization

“…(2017) with the passion fruit crop subjected to the ECw of 0.43 and 4.5 dS m -1 , observing a reduction in the stem dry phytomass from 0.7 g to 0.1 g, indicating a reduction of 86% when increasing the electrical conductivity of the irrigation water from the lowest to the highest saline level. Cavalcante et al (2009), in a study with the yellow passion fruit crop irrigated with saline water, verified that the stem dry phytomass was reduced with the increment of the salinity in the irrigation water.…”

“…) was significantly affected by water salinity, with a linear growing behavior as the salinity levels of the irrigation water were increased, whose increment was equivalent to 36.08% per unitary increment of the ECw, that is, an increment of 91.16% (0.227 g plant -1 ) in the plants that received the highest saline level (3.1 dS m -1 ) in relation to those that received the lowest saline level (0.3 dS m -1 ).This result demonstrates that the shoot part of the plants presents greater sensitivity to salinity increase in relation to the root system, being important for the optimization of the absorption process of water and nutrients since salinity causes stresses, limiting plant growth and development, considering that the reduction of growth parameters results from defense strategies of the plant itself, such as the decrease of cell turgidity, and metabolic and biochemical processes of the plant(Lima et al, 2014). In a study performed byCavalcante et al (2009) with the yellow passion fruit crop irrigated with saline water at concentrations from 0.4 to 4.0 dS m -1 , it was verified that the R/S ratio decreased with the increase in the electrical conductivity of the irrigation water.Diniz et al(2020)Phytomass and quality of yellow passion...Regarding the effect of silicon fertilization on the R/S ratio (Figure 3B), a linear growing behavior was verified, with an increment of 11.82% for each increase of 25 g plant -1 in the silicon dose. The increase of the root/ shoot ratio is featured as a tolerance strategy for the plant, since, when subjected to stresses, they tend to enlarge their roots in search of water and nutrients, in accordance to Methrabanjoubani et al (2015), who, when evaluating the effect of silicon application in cotton, canola, and wheat verified that all plants grown in the presence of Si, at the dose of 1.5 mmol L -1 Si for 12 days, presented longer roots when compared to the plants grown in the absence of Si.…”

“…There are several studies (Cavalcante et al, 2009;Moura et al, 2017;Andrade et al, 2018) conducted with passion fruit under saline conditions, although studies that evaluate seedling formation under salt stress and Diniz et al (2020) Phytomass and quality of yellow passion... One of the main forms for the determination of seedling quality for planting is through the Dickson quality index (DQI), in which the higher the DQI, the better is the quality of the seedling produced, since it relates the robustness and the balance of biomass distribution in the plant (Oliveira et al, 2013).…”

Alternative substrates and controlled-release fertilizer in the production of yellow passion fruit seedlings

“…In the work developed by Neres et al (2019), tropstrato ® , bioplant ® and vivatto ® commercial substrates presented, EC values of 1.18 dS m -1 , 0.62 dS m -1 and 1.76 dS m -1 , respectively, all of which are recommended for seedling production in general. According to Cavalcante et al (2009), passion fruit is sensitive to electrical conductivity, since seeds do not germinate and plants do not grow or produce properly in places where the electrical conductivity of soil saturation extract is greater than 1.3 dS m -1 .…”

Teores E Acúmulos De Nutrientes Em Mudas De Maracujazeiros Sob Salinidade Hídrica E Uso De Urina De Vaca

“…Para Cruz et al (2006), o maracujazeiro-amarelo se comporta como moderadamente tolerante aos sais, ao passo que, para Cavalcante et al (2009), durante a formação das mudas, o maracujazeiro-amarelo não tolera nível de salinidade da água superior a 1,0 dS m -1 (moderadamente sensível).…”