As áreas de cultivo com intensa evaporação, deficiência em drenagem e uso inadequado de fertilizantes têm aumentado os problemas com a salinidade prejudicando o rendimento das culturas. No meloeiro as elevadas concentrações de sais no solo e na água ocasionam modificações morfológicas, estruturais e metabólicas, que inibem o seu crescimento e desenvolvimento. Portanto, o objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a germinação e o crescimento inicial de híbridos de meloeiro em diferentes níveis de salinidade da água de irrigação e submetidas a um estresse salino através da embebição. Os tratamentos foram instalados no delineamento inteiramente casualizado em esquema fatorial 2x3x5 (sementes tratadas com e sem pré-embebição em solução salina de NaCl (6 g/L), três híbridos de meloeiro (Hy Mark, Honey Dew Red Flesh e Daimiel), e cinco níveis de condutividade elétrica da água de irrigação (0,45; 1,30; 2,15; 3,00 e 3,85 dS m-1), com três repetições. Foram feitas avaliações da porcentagem de germinação, velocidade de emergência, área foliar, altura e massa seca da parte aérea. O tratamento pré-germinativo de sementes de meloeiro com solução salina (6 g/L) proporcionou maior massa seca da parte aérea das plântulas e um aumento significativo na porcentagem de germinação. Por outro lado, a salinidade da água de irrigação reduziu a área foliar, a massa seca da parte aérea da plântula e a altura da plântula. A cultivar Daimiel destacou-se como a mais tolerante a salinidade em razão das maiores estimativas da área foliar, massa seca da parte aérea e altura da plântula.
RESUMO -O objetivo do trabalho foi quantificar a influência de variáveis ambientais sobre a interação genótipos x ambientes em meloeiro. Foram utilizados dados de produtividade de oito híbridos de melão Cantaloupe testados em nove ambientes no Estado do Rio Grande do Norte. Para a identificação das variáveis ambientais relacionadas à interação G x A e sensibilidade dos híbridos, estimaram-se modelos de regressão fatorial, coeficiente de correlação de Spearman entre os escores dos componentes principais da análise AMMI e as médias das variáveis ambientais. As temperaturas média, máxima e mínima são as que mais influenciam na interação genótipos x ambientes em meloeiro para a produtividade. Termos para indexação: Cucumis melo, regressão fatorial, análise AMMI. INFLUENCE OF ENVIRONMENTAL VARIABLES ON GENOTYPE BY ENVI-RONMENT INTERACTION IN MELONABSTRACT -The objective of this study was quantify the influence of some environmental variables on genotype by environment interaction (G x E) in melon. It was utilized yield data of eight hybrids of cantaloupe melon evaluated in nine environments in the state of Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil. Aiming to identify environmental variables related with G x E interaction and quantify genotypic sensibility of hybrids were estimated factorial regression models and Spearman correlation coefficient between scores of principal components of AMMI analysis and the environment variable averages. The medium temperature, maximum temperature and minimum temperature were the variables that most influence on G x E interaction in melon to yield. Index terms: Cucumis melo, factorial regression, AMMI analysis. INTRODUÇÃODevido às diferentes condições de ambiente em que os híbridos de melão são avaliados no Rio Grande do Norte, espera-se que ocorra acentuada interação genótipos x ambientes e que a mesma tenha papel importante na manifestação fenotípica. A interação G x A é decorrente do comportamento diferencial dos genótipos nos diferentes ambientes, podendo indicar que as melhores cultivares em um ambiente podem não sê-lo em outro (NUNES et al., 2006). Para entender a interação G x A em um programa de melhoramento, é requerido conhecimento sobre os fatores ambientais que determinam o comportamento diferenciado dos genótipos. A possibilidade de explorar a interação G x A depende do entendimento das características relacionadas à expressão da interação, dos genótipos e das variáveis ambientais. Quando informações genotípicas e/ou ambientais estão disponíveis, é possível avaliar seus efeitos sobre a interação (GAUCH, 2006).As variáveis ambientais podem ser qualitativas ou quantitativas. Entre as qualitativas, estão tipo de solo, nível de tecnologia e região geográfica. Entres as quantitativas, podem ser citadas altitude, temperatura, umidade relativa do ar, precipitação pluviométrica e radiação solar. As variáveis ambientais têm sido utilizadas para explicar a interação G x A em várias culturas, como sorgo (SAEED; FRANCIS, 1984), milheto (RAMASAMY et al., 1996), trigo (BRANCOURT-HULMEL;LECOMTE, 20...
A abundância e o potencial inseticida de Derris amazonica e a necessidade de controle de Cerotoma arcuatus Olivier (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) na cultura do feijão-caupi (Vigna unguiculata L. Walp) estimularam a realização desta pesquisa, que objetivou avaliar a ação inseticida do extrato de D. amazonica a adultos de C. arcuatus em condições de laboratório. Os bioensaios testaram as vias de intoxicação por ingestão de folhas contaminadas, contato com superfície contaminada e aplicação tópica, com delineamento experimental inteiramente casualizado, com quatro repetições. Insecticide action of the extract of Derris amazonica Killip for Cerotoma arcuatus Olivier (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) ABSTRACTThe abundance and insecticidal potential of Derris amazonica in addition to need of controlling Cerotoma arcuatus for bean crop stimulated this research. The objective of this work was to evaluate insecticide action of the extract of D. amazonica to adults of C. arcuatus in laboratory conditions. The bioassays were carried out using three distend methodologies: leaf intake, contact in treated surface (filter paper) and topical application. A completed randomized experimental design was used with four replications. Mortality values and leaf consumption of the insects were subjected to regression analyses, being the Probit analyses used to determine of the i.e., LC 50 , LT 50 and LD 50 . The extract of D. amazonica containing 3.7% of rotenone was toxic to adults C. arcuatus when exposed to treated leaves (LC 50 = 15.14 µl.mL ). In all bioassays the adults mortality was higher than 80% with lower median lethal times obtained with 5% (v.v -1 ) concentrations of the extract. Leaf consumption by adults C. arcuatus was inversely proportional to the concentration of the extract when exposed by leaf intake or topical application, also being observed inhibition of feeding individuals. The extract of D. amazonica is toxic to C. arcuatus and inhibits the feeding of insects from the concentration of 1% (v v -1 ).
Euterpe precatoria Mart. has been demanded due to the functional characteristics of its fruits and, therefore, its planting has been encouraged. However, there is a lack of information about the seedling production system of this palm tree. Neither a favorable environment nor the amount of fertilizer in the substrate have been defined for the production of healthy and vigorous seedlings. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of environments and doses of a slow-release fertilizer on the production of E. precatoria seedlings. The experiment was conducted in a randomized block design, with three replications and ten plants per plot. The treatments were arranged in a 4 x 5 factorial scheme, with four environments (under shading levels of 20 %, 30 %, 50 % and 75 %) and five doses of a slow-release fertilizer (0.0 kg m-3, 2.5 kg m-3, 5.0 kg m-3, 7.5 kg m-3 and 10.0 kg m-3 of substrate). The seedling height; root collar diameter; number of leaves; leaf, shoot, root and total dry mass; and the Dickson quality index were analyzed. There were significant interactions between the shaded environments and slow-release fertilizer doses for all the analyzed variables. The 75 %-shaded environment yielded better quality seedlings. The slow-release fertilizer can be used to produce E. precatoria seedlings in environments under shading levels of 50 % and 75 %, being the 4.60 kg m-3 and 8 kg m-3 doses, respectively, the most recommended ones.
RESUMO -o objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a qualidade e a biomassa de plantas de cupuaçuzeiro em substratos com diferentes condicionadores. o experimento foi realizado no Sítio ecológico Seridó, município de Rio Branco -aC. os tratamentos constituíram-se por alteração do condicionador dos substratos, sendo: T1 = casca de arroz carbonizada; T2 = fibra de coco; T3 = caule de palmeira; T4 = resíduo de sumaúma e T5 = composto orgânico. os substratos t1, t2, t3 e t4 foram compostos por terra (30%), composto orgânico (30%), fino de carvão (10%) e condicionadores (30%). O substrato (T5) foi considerado uma testemunha com maior proporção de terra (45%) e composto orgânico (45%) mais adição de fino de carvão (10%). Todos os substratos foram acrescidos de 1,0 kg m -3 de calcário dolomítico e 1,5 kg m -3 de termofosfato natural. o delineamento experimental utilizado foi em blocos casualizados, com cinco tratamentos e quatro repetições de três plantas cada. Foram avaliados aos 120 dias após a semeadura o número de folhas, a massa da matéria seca da raiz, a massa seca da parte aérea, a massa seca total, a altura da planta e o índice de qualidade da muda. Os substratos contendo fibra de coco, a fibra de caule de palmeira e o composto orgânico constituem alternativas viáveis como condicionadores de substrato para produção de muda de cupuaçu. Termos para indexação: Theobroma grandiflorum Schum, Qualidade. Propagação. SUBSTRATE CONDITIONERS FOR PRODUTION OF ORGANIC CUPUASU SEEDLINGABSTRACT -the objective of this study was to evaluate the quality and biomass of cupuassu plants on substrates with different conditioners. the experiment was conducted in the ecological Site Seridó, Rio Branco, acre State, Brazil. the treatments were a change of conditioner substrates, as follows: t1 = carbonized rice husk; T2 = coconut fiber; T3 = stem of palm; T4 = waste kapok and T5 = organic composte. T1, T2, T3 and T4 substrates were made by land (30%), organic compound (30%), fine coal (10%) and conditioners (30%). the substrate (t5) was considered a control with a higher proportion of land (45%) and organic compound (45%) plus addition of the fine coal (10%). All substrates were added to 1.0 kg m -3 dolomitic limestone and 1.5 kg m -3 natural thermo. the experimental design was a randomized block design with five treatments and four replications of three plants each. The numbers of leaves, root, shoot and total dry matter, plant height and seedling quality index development were assessed at 120 days after sowing. The substrates containing coconut fiber, palm stalk fiber and the organic composte are viable alternatives as conditioners substrate for cupuassu seedling.
The objective of this work was to evaluate the initial growth of assai seedlings (Euterpe oleraceae) in response to shading and slow release fertilizer. The experiment was conducted at Embrapa Acre in a randomized block design using a 4 × 5 factorial scheme with three replicates and 10 plants per plot. The treatments consisted of four shade environments (20%, 30%, 50% and 75%) and five levels of slow release fertilizer (0.0, 2.5, 5.0, 7.5 and 10.0 kg m-3). The following characteristics were evaluated: plant height, number of leaves, stem diameter, leaf dry mass, stem dry mass, root dry mass, total dry mass, and seedlings quality index. The growth of assai seedlings was influenced by shade environment conditions and slow release fertilizer. Shade environment with 30% or 50% and a dose of 8 kg m-3 resulted in better quality seedlings.
The objective of this work was to select rootstocks, based on the agronomic characters and fruit quality of the 'Valência' orange tree. The evaluated rootstocks were: the 'Cleópatra' mandarin; the TSKFL x CTTR-013, LVK x LCR-038, TSKC x CTQT 1439-004, LVK x LVA-009, TSK x TRENG-256 ('Indio' citrandarin) hybrid genotypes; the 'Santa Cruz' Rangpur lime; and the TSKFL x CTC-25-002, and TSKC x CTSW-038 hybrids. The experiment was installed in 2010 and evaluated from 2013 to 2017. The parameters plant height, canopy volume, yield efficiency, scion:rootstock ratio, survival percentage, and drought tolerance were evaluated in 2017. The yield average of five harvests was estimated, as well as the annual production per plant and the accumulated production. The analyzed fruit traits were: mass, diameter, peel length and thickness, juice yield, soluble solids, acidity, and technological index. 'Valência' shows a lower plant height and canopy volume, besides a higher yield efficiency, when grafted on TSKC x CTSW-038 than on the other rootstocks. LVK x LCR-038, TSKC x CTQT 1439-004, 'Indio' citrandarin, and 'Santa Cruz' Rangpur lime increase the production of the 'Valência' orange. LVK x LCR-038 and the 'Indio' citrandarin induce the scion to produce a better quality fruit.
The availability of single assai palm (Euterpe precatoria) seedlings with good quality is a fundamental requirement to expand the cultivation of the species. This study aimed to assess the use of fruit agro-industry residues as substrate for producing single assai seedlings. The experiment was carried out under nursery conditions, in a completely randomized design, with four replications and eight plants per plot. Fifteen treatments were evaluated: a commercial substrate, four dry and crushed agro-industrial residues (Brazil nut shell, acerola pit, assai pit and cupuassu peel) and ten combinations of these materials in the proportion of 1:1. The following variables were also measured: shoot height; stem diameter; number of leaves; shoot, root and total dry mass; and Dickson Quality Index score. The substrate formulated with Brazil nut shell + acerola pit stood out for promoting a higher growth and dry biomass, resulting in seedlings with a better quality. The pure assai pit residue was not efficient for producing seedlings, but it showed a good potential when mixed in equal proportion with other materials (e.g. Brazil nut shell and cupuassu peel).
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
hi@scite.ai
334 Leonard St
Brooklyn, NY 11211
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.