Assessing the Therapeutic Role of Joshanda: Phytochemical, Antioxidant, Anti-Inflammatory and Antimicrobial Activities

Objective: This review focused on Malaysian medicinal plants that have been evaluated and pose potentials to treat breast cancer. Results: A total of 105 plants species representing 54 different families and 79 genera were reviewed. 97% of the plants were tested using MCF-7 and MDA-231 breast cancer cell lines and exhibited most significant in vitro anticancer activity, and 3% were tested using another type of breast cancer cell lines. Most of the bioactive compounds of the medicinal plants that exhibited good activity (IC 50 values <120 µg/mL) are a group of phenols, alkaloids, flavonoids, terpenoids, and saponins. Induction of apoptosis was found to be the significant cell death pathway. Methods Conclusion:This article reviews the available literature concerning research on anti-breast cancer plants. Furthermore, identification and characterization of active components and toxicology evaluation also need to be studied in details and also point out their clinical trials.

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Malaysian Medicinal Plants’ Potential for Breast Cancer Therapy

Mainasara

Bakar

Linatoc

2018

“…H 2 O 2 is a non-radical reactive oxygen species with weak oxidizing activity. It diffuses through cell membranes rapidly and interacts with Fe2+and possibly Cu2+ions to form hydroxyl radicals and other free radicals [27]. The significant increase could be due to the antioxidant enzyme which is located in the cell's peroxisome, such as SOD naturally within the body.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of Dietary Supplementation of Pleurotus Ostreatus and Calocybe Indica in Swiss Male Albino Mice

Ganapathy

Renitta

2018

Objective: The present study deals with dietary supplementation of Pleurotus ostreatus and Calocybe indica in Swiss male albino mice in comparison with casein control diet.Methods: The Swiss albino male mice were divided into four groups. Group 1 served as normal, Group II served as control mice, and Groups III and IV mice were fed with food supplement P. ostreatus and C. indica for 28 days. After 28 days, the animals were euthanized by cervical dislocation, and liver samples were used to analyze the following parameters such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase, glutathione peroxidase, reduced glutathione (GSH), Vitamin C, and Vitamin E.Results: The results of the present study indicated that dietary supplementation of P. ostreatus and C. indica significantly (p<0.05) increased the antioxidants levels in experimental mice.Conclusion: From the results, it was found that the mushrooms such as P. ostreatus and C. indica seem to be a promising source because of its antioxidant properties. Therefore, this medicinal mushroom could be used as a nutritional supplementation for human.

“…The reference drugs used in experiments were aspirin and diclofenac sodium [11]. Meanwhile, Shamsi et al studied anti-inflammatory activity of Joshanda, a polyherbal Unani formulation consists of seven plant ingredients by albumin denaturation inhibition experiment used aspirin as a reference compound [12]. In the current research, we are trying to prove the anti-inflammatory activity of tinocrisposide that can exert the increasing of HRBC membrane stability.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

In Vitro Anti-Inflammatory Activity Test of Tinocrisposide and Freeze-Dried Aqueous Extract of Tinospora Crispa Stems on Human Red Blood Cell by Increasing Membrane Stability Experiment

Adnan

Armin

Sudji

et al. 2019

Objective: This study was aimed to evaluate the anti-inflammatory effect of isolated tinocrisposide and freeze-dried aqueous extract of Tinospora crispa stems on human red blood cell (HRBC) by increasing membrane stability in vitro models. Methods: Anti-inflammatory effect of tinocrisposide and FDAETCS was evaluated by in vitro HRBC membrane stabilization method. The study was separated into two steps which were a hemolytic and a membrane stabilization experiment. The hemoglobin that was released throughout the damaged erythrocytes membrane was then quantified at the wavelength of (λ) 560 nm. Results: The hemoglobin in the HBRC supernatant that treated with tinocrisposide at concentration of 100, 200, 400, 600, 800, and 1000 μg/ml showed an absorbance at λ 560 nm of 0.060, 0.061, 0.071, 0.072, 0.075, and 0.0793, respectively, and the calculated hemolysis percentage was 0.032, 0.097, 1.203, 1.236, 1.641, and 2.079%, respectively. We found a linear correlation between concentration and hemolytic activity of tinocrisposide, with regression equation, y=0.0023x−0.1312 (r=0.929). Meanwhile, the HBRC supernatant that treated with FDAETCS at concentration of 100, 200, 400, 600, and 800 μg/ml showed an absorbance at λ 560 nm of 0.063, 0.064, 0.066, 0.067, and 0.077, respectively, and revealed the hemolytic percentage of 0.347, 0.473, 0.693, 0.992, and 1.896%, respectively. It also gave a linear correlation between FDAETCS concentration and hemolytic activity percentage, with regression equation, y=0.002x+0.0222 (r=0.895). Moreover, in HRBC membrane stability experiment, tinocrisposide concentration of 100, 200, 400, 800, and 1000 μg/ml gave absorbance at λ 560 nm of 0.818, 0.808, 0.798, 0.789, 0.773, and 0.761, respectively, and calculated HRBC membrane stabilization activity as much as 5.437, 6.533, 7.707, 8.748, 10.597, and 12.100%, respectively. Meanwhile, the positive control ibuprofen 25 μg/ml only exerted the membrane stability of 5.620%. It was found a linear correlation between tinocrisposide concentration and membrane stability percentage, with the regression equation, y=0.0072x+4.8312 (r=0.9932). Treated FDAETCS in the concentration of 100, 200, 400, and 800 μg/ml gave the absorbance at λ 560 nm of 0.802, 794, 0.777, 0.791, and 0.792, with stability membrane percentage of 7.283, 8.208, 10.944, 8.555, and 8.401%, respectively. It can be seen that the FDAETCS concentrations and its hemolytic percentage showed a parabolic relationship, which gave a maximum at a concentration of the extract of 400 mg/ml with membrane stabilizing of 10.944%. Conclusion: It can be concluded that tinocrisposide and FDAETCS have an anti-inflammatory activity by increase the membrane stability of lysosome cell that has equal physiological properties with erythrocytes membrane cell and it has no hemolytic activity.