N-Formylannonaine ( 1), N-formylnornuciferine ( 2) and N-acetylnornuciferin ( 3), have been isolated from stems of TINOSPORA CRISPA (Menispermaceae), and their NMR-spectra have been fully assigned by 2D-NMR experiments. This is the first reported occurrence of N-formyl- and N-acetylaporphines from the genus TINOSPORA.
Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate in vitro anti-inflammatory activity of tinocrisposide using lipopolysaccharides (LPS)-stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophage cells. Tinocrisposide is a furano diterpene glycoside that was isolated in our previous study from Tinospora crispa.Methods: Anti-inflammatory effect was quantified spectrometrically using Griess method by measuring nitric oxide (NO) production after the addition of Griess reagent.Results: The sample concentrations of 1, 5, 25, 50, and 100 μM and 100 μM of dexamethasone (positive control) have been tested against the LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells, and the results showed NO level production of 39.23, 34.00, 28.9, 20.25, 16.3, and 13.68 μM, respectively, and the inhibition level of 22.67, 33.00, 43.03, 60.10, 68.00, and 73%, respectively.Conclusions: From the study, it could be concluded that tinocrisposide was able to inhibit the formation of NO in the LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells in concentration activity-dependent manner, with half-maximal inhibition concentration 46.92 μM. It can be developed as anti-inflammatory candidate drug because NO is a reactive nitrogen species which is produced by NO synthase. The production of NO has been established as a mediator in inflammatory diseases.
Aus Stengeln vonAus dem Methanolextrakt der Stengel isolierten wir nach Abtrennung der N-Acylaporphine als neues, Dragendorflpositives Furanoditerpenglykosid Tinocrisposid (l), uber dessen Strukturaufklarung hier berichtet werden soll. Furanoditerpene wurden schon haufiger als bittere Inhaltsstoffe in anderen Menispermaceen, besonders aber in der Gattung Tinospora g e f~n d e n~?~.~) .Aus Tinospora tuberculata Beumee (syn. T. crispa) wurde Borapetosid A beschrieben*), das sich von 1 u.a. durch eine zusatzliche OH-Gruppe sowie durch 2 Lactonringe und Glukosidierung in Position 3 unterscheidet.Das in Wasser schwer losliche 1 hat laut FAB-MS die gleiche Summenformel C27H3601 wie Tinophyllolosid (31, das vor einiger Zeit als Inhaltsstoff von Fibraurea tinctoria beschrieben wurdeg). Auf Grund der ersten spektroskopischen Ergebnisse hatten wir fur Tinocrisposid zunachst Struktur 2 vorgeschlagen"), erst die intensive Auswertung von 600 MHz-'H-NMR-Spektren ermoglichte die genaue Zuordnung der in 300 MHz-Spektren sich vielfach uberlagemden Protonensignale, die dann zu Struktur
Telah dilakukan penelitian analisis kadar kofein kopi luwak dengan variasi jenis kopi, spesies luwak dan cara pengolahan dengan metoda TLC Scanner. Analisis dilakukan dengan menggunakan 8 sampel kopi luwak R.Ab.K ; R.Ab.B ; R.Ph.K ; R.Ph.B ; A.Ab.K ; A.Ab.B ; A.Ph.K ; A.Ph.B yang diekstraksi dengan pelarut diklorometana ( DCM ). Pemisahan dengan KLT dilakukan dengan fasa diam plat silika gel GF254 dan fasa gerak campuran diklorometana : metanol ( 9,5 : 0,5 ). Kadar kofein dihitung dengan menggunakan persamaan regresi y = 2715,112 + 4,389x dan memberikan persentase kadar berturut-turut 1,91 ; 2,04 ; 1,30 ; 1,89 ; 1,29 ; 1,45 ; 1,25 ; 1,42 %. Kadar kofein paling tinggi diberikan oleh kopi robusta yang diberikan pada luwak A. binturong dan diolah secara basah dengan persentase 2,04 %. Sedangkan kadar kofein paling rendah diberikan oleh kopi arabika yang diberikan pada luwak P. hermophroditus dengan persentase 1,25 %. Pengolahan data dengan statistik anova tiga jalan SPSS 21 menunjukkan hasil bahwa jenis kopi, variasi luwak dan cara pengolahan memberikan pengaruh yang signifikan terhadap kadar kofein dengan p < 0,05.
C00H 4 5a 5b H 0 "COOH C H3 ,,-sC00H 0 'f"COOH CH3 0 fCooH CH3 6 H HThe structures of 1-5a, b were established from their spectral data (including 1H-1H COSY, HETCOR and DEFT) and chemical transformations. Cavipetin A (1) was the most active compound to inhibit Cladosporium cucumerinuin spore formation (< 4 .tg).The new furanoditerpene glucoside tinocrisposide was isolated from the indonesian drug "Brotowali" (Tinospora crispa Miers, Menispermaceae) and the preliminary formula (1) published as a poster (1). Further and extensive 1H/1H-COSY-, 1H/13C-COSY-, 1H!13C-COLOC-, and especially 2D-NOE-NMR studies pointed out that tinocrisposide must have really the structure 2.
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