A psicanálise e a sexologia no Rio de Janeiro de entreguerras: entre a ciência e a auto-ajuda

Abstract

The beginning of psychoanalysis and sexology in Brazil takes place in the 1920's. It develops along the 30's and 40's. During this period, there is also a remarkable increase in the number of papers by other kind of specialists in sex, as well as translations and publications of European and North American authors that are considered today as the founders of such areas of studies. We have tried to go deeper into this intellectual mist, which began to surround the issue of sex in Brazil during that period of time. In order to do so, we have analyzed the publishing industry of the time, focusing the publications on this topic. Starting with the different relations these new subjects established with medicine, we have tried to understand the different trends they produced in Brazilian intellectual domains.

Educação sexual no rincão nacional

“…Para Albuquerque, uma educação sexual científica deveria favorecer a biologia própria da criação. Sobre a sexologia, lembremos que entre o final do século XIX e início do XX, houve uma ampliação do discurso sobre o sexo no Brasil (Russo & Carrara, 2002;Oliveira, 2012), com ênfase para a década de 1930, quando surgem os primeiros profissionais e grupos voltados à institucionalização do estudo da sexologia, como o CBES. Nesse contexto, a sexologia e a psicanálise são denominadas as áreas por No que tange às publicações com o tema da sexualidade, o médico José de Albuquerque critica certas publicações que dizem referir-se à sexologia:…”

José de Albuquerque, o esquecível: método histórico e o pioneirismo na educação sexual no Brasil

“…Chegou-se inclusive a considerar que Albuquerque teria sido mais prestigiado no exterior do que no Brasil. (CARRARA, 1996, p. 257;RUSSO;CARRARA, 2002). Não parece ter sido esse o caso.…”

Diferenças de gênero no campo da sexologia: novos contextos e velhas definições

“…The second one was born in the 1920s, with important landmarks such as Reich's works on the function of orgasm and those of Kinsey, who helped to establish orgasm as the main problem of studies on sexuality. 1,4 Proto-sexology was concentrated on the diffi culties in the functioning of reproductive sexuality, such as sexually transmitted diseases, "sexual aberrations" and contraceptive techniques and it was not concerned about distinguishing itself from other areas of medicine, such as psychiatry, legal medicine or urology. On the other hand, the second sexology established its autonomy from medical specialties, especially through the affi rmation of a particular object -orgasm -and an essential norm -the "ideal orgasm".…”

“…Deviations from "normal" sexuality, about which 20 th century sexologists were concerned, are different from traditional "aberrations": the focus is on couple and genital sexuality and it involves a broad continuum of sexual dysfunctions. 1,4 …”