Grau de conhecimento, atitudes e práticas de puérperas sobre a infecção por HIV e sua prevenção

Abstract

Objective: Evaluating the level of knowledge, attitudes and practices of puerperal women on HIV infection and its prevention. Methods: A cross-sectional study with 278 puerperal women hospitalized in the rooming-in system. Interviews were carried out with the use of a questionnaire to evaluate the knowledge, attitudes and practices on HIV infection and its prevention. Results: The age of puerperal women ranged from 13 to 43 years, with prevalence of the range between 20 and 34 years. The level of education between eight and 11 years of studies was predominant, as well as the stable union. Only 54 (19.4%) puerperal women showed adequate knowledge, six showed adequate attitude (2.2%) and four showed appropriate practices (1.4%). Conclusion:The knowledge was inadequate due to the low percentage of puerperal women able to mention at least three ways of transmission and three forms of preventing the virus; inadequate attitude was marked by the high percentage of puerperal women who perceive becoming infected with HIV as 'unlikely', and 'little likely' that the same occurs with their partners. The inadequate practice was influenced by the low percentage of HIV testing in the recommended periods and the lack of condom use during pregnancy. ResumoObjetivo: Avaliar o grau de conhecimento, atitudes e práticas de puérperas sobre a infecção por HIV e sua prevenção. Métodos: Estudo transversal com 278 puérperas internadas no sistema de alojamento conjunto. Foram realizadas entrevistas com a utilização de um questionário para avaliar o conhecimento, a atitude e a prática sobre a infecção pelo HIV e sua prevenção. Resultados: A idade das puérperas variou de 13 a 43 anos, prevalecendo faixa entre 20 e 34 anos. Predominou escolaridade entre 8 e 11 anos de estudos e união estável. Apenas 54 (19,4%) puérperas apresentaram conhecimento adequado, 6 (2,2%) atitude e 4 (1,4%) práticas adequadas. Conclusão: O conhecimento foi inadequado devido ao baixo percentual de puérperas que souberam citar pelo menos três formas de transmissão e três formas de prevenção do vírus; a atitude inadequada foi marcada pelo elevado percentual de puérperas que percebem como "improvável" infectar-se com o HIV e "pouco provável" o mesmo ocorrer com seu parceiro. A prática inadequada foi influenciada pelo baixo percentual de realização do teste anti-HIV nos períodos preconizados e pelo não uso do preservativo durante a gravidez.

Prevalence and vertical transmission of human pegivirus among pregnant women infected with HIV

“…20,21 Such education directly affects the transmission of HPgV by positive reinforcement of condom use among women ing with HIV infection, even during pregnancy, avoiding health issues caused by serum disagreement with the partner, and avoiding quasispecies contamination from the partner and other sexually transmitted infections. 22,23 A study performed in Brazil supports the importance of condoms for preventing sexual transmission of HPgV. 24 Cervicovaginal smears were collected from 73 healthy women who had undergone routine screening for cervical cancer; a high prevalence of HPgV (17.6%) was found in the genital mucosa of this population.…”

“…Vertical transmission of HPgV could be reduced through improved sexual education during pregnancy . Such education directly affects the transmission of HPgV by positive reinforcement of condom use among women living with HIV infection, even during pregnancy, avoiding health issues caused by serum disagreement with the partner, and avoiding quasispecies contamination from the partner and other sexually transmitted infections …”

Sentimentos De Mulheres Soropositivas Acerca Da Não Amamentação

“…Além disso, durante o pré--natal é fundamental o aconselhamento antes e pós-testagem, o qual requer a construção de confiança mútua (18) . Dessa forma, no puerpério, a lactente estará condicionada e sensibilizada da necessidade de não amamentar.…”