resumo introdução:No contexto das doenças crônicas transmissíveis, a pandemia da aids vem gerando discussões em âmbito internacional sobre as formas de controlar seu avanço, inclusive na população idosa, a qual apresenta incidência considerável de casos. objetivo: Investigar o conhecimento e verificar a percepção de risco de idosos quanto à contaminação por Infecções Sexualmente Transmissíveis (IST) e HIV. métodos: Tratase de estudo descritivo de natureza quantitativa realizado com 55 idosos participantes de grupos em duas unidades de saúde da família interligadas à rede-escola. resultados: A maioria dos idosos era entre 60-70 anos, sexo masculino, casados, católicos, com o nível fundamental incompleto. Além disso, 40% dos idosos citaram o uso do preservativo como principal método de prevenção às infecções sexuais, 21,9% responderam que o HIV é transmitido de uma pessoa para outra por meio do contato sexual e 38,2% citaram que a doença não tem cura. Sobre a percepção de risco, 76,4% referiram que não tinham nenhuma possibilidade de adquirir Infecções Sexualmente Transmissíveis ou HIV. Tal fator pode contribuir para que essa população se considere pouco vulnerável à contaminação ou não se perceba em risco, o que os torna susceptíveis ao perigo da infecção, favorecendo o aumento do índice de idosos infectados no cenário nacional. Conclusão: Cabe aos organismos governamentais e não governamentais investir em práticas educativas, onde idosos possam ser inseridos em um ambiente que aborde a sexualidade, proporcionando maior segurança e qualidade de vida aos nossos cidadãos.Palavras-chave: idoso; doenças sexualmente transmissíveis; HIV.

RESUMO Objetivo Caracterizar a tendência, segundo indicadores epidemiológicos e operacionais, de endemia da hanseníase no Estado da Paraíba no período de 2001-2011, com projeções para os anos de 2012-2014. Métodos Estudo epidemiológico de série temporal, retrospectivo e documental, realizado com 10.476 casos notificados de hanseníase, diagnosticados entre 2001-2011, nos 223 municípios do Estado paraibano. Utilizou-se para composição e análise dos resultados dois indicadores epidemiológicos e um indicador operacional além de software estatístico. Resultados Para o coeficiente de detecção anual de casos novos, verificou-se inclinação ascendente entre os anos de 2001 a 2005, com tendência de queda a partir de 2006. Quanto à incapacidade física, visualizou-se variação cíclica, com tendência à inclinação descendente, com classificação considerada de média efetividade. Conclusão Os resultados apontaram continuidade da endemia no Estado, existindo a necessidade de avaliações mais curtas voltadas aos programas e estratégias em saúde utilizadas no combate à hanseníase.

Objective: Assessing the adequacy of knowledge, attitude and practice of women regarding male and female condoms as STI/HIV preventive measures. Method: An evaluative Knowledge, Attitude and Practice (KAP) household survey with a quantitative approach, involving 300 women. Data collection took place between June and August 2013, in an informal urban settlement within the municipality of João Pessoa, Paraiba, Northeast Brazil. Results: Regarding the male condom, most women showed inadequate knowledge and practice, and an adequate attitude. Regarding the female condom, knowledge, attitude and practice variables were unsatisfactory. Significant associations between knowledge/religious orientation and attitude/education regarding the male condom were observed. Conclusion: A multidisciplinary team should be committed to the development of educational practices as care promotion tools in order to improve adherence of condom use. DESCRIPTORS INTRODUCTIONGiven the feminization of the HIV epidemiological profile, issues related to women's sexuality has attracted increasing attention, stressing the responsibility of users, managers and health professionals in controlling the epidemic. According to the World Health Organization, the lack of protection in sexual intercourse constitutes a significant risk factor for the transmission of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) and HIV worldwide, making condom use an essential element in reducing contamination cycles (1) . In general, women experience obstacles in using condoms, whether it is the female condom by having difficulty in handling, unavailability or access, or the male condom, usually because its use depends on the partner. In this sense, a study conducted with 80 African-American men in attempt to evaluate their response upon request for condom use concluded that issues such as masculinity/chauvinism need to be addressed with heterosexual men, in order to facilitate negotiation between sexual partners (2) . The relationship dynamics play an important role in STI contamination cycles, as some women cannot insist on condom use for various reasons, such as trusting her partner, fear of abandonment or sexual coercion caused by strong persuasion (3) . Gender relations become a determining factor for women with low sexual negotiation power on condom use, making them more vulnerable to HIV exposure (4) . In relation to single women, research has identified that this pattern of submission is no different; for those who seek serious commitment, they liked having unprotected sex with the same men with whom they had extended sexually-affective bonds (5) . In addition to gender issues, other factors are also associated with not using condoms, such as low socioeconomic and cultural levels (6) . In this scenario, poverty detriments women; not only because of the difficulty in understanding information relevant to prevention, which involves knowledge, but also the subservient role to which they are subjected for not being income providers for the family (7) . In this s...

Pré-operatório de mastectomia em hospital-escola

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Objective: To develop and test the content validity of the “Knowledge and Attitudes on Assessing Degrees of Physical Disability in Leprosy” instrument. Methods: Methodological study carried out between January and May 2019 in three stages: item generation, analysis of aggregated redundancy to the composition, and content validation, using the Delphi technique. Results: In the first evaluation, a relevance of ≥ 0.80 stood out for all items, except for 2.8, which was excluded. To make the instrument clearer, the sequence was renumbered from one to 32; 2.6, 3.1, and 15 were reformulated, and the others underwent modifications, except for ten and 13. After the second evaluation, all items obtained Content Validity Index > 0.90 and Kappa = 1.00. Conclusion: The instrument has an excellent content validity; it is inferred that it is adequate to measure the knowledge and attitudes of professionals in the assessment of physical disabilities in leprosy.

In the attempt to prevent cervical cancer, various preventive measures have been instituted, notable among which is the pap smear test, which fulfills the function of early detection of cancer cells or their precursors. Therefore, the objective was to investigate the discourse on the knowledge, feelings and expectations of women regarding the pap smear test. This is an exploratory qualitative approach, conducted with ten users of a Integrated Family Health Unit in the city of João Pessoa in the State of Paraíba. Data collection was conducted through recorded interviews in April 2011. Eight core ideas were identified: prevention of disease; self-motivated search, search recommended by another person; sense of shame and embarrassment, sensation of pain, feeling of satisfaction; conversations during the examination and exchange of knowledge about women's health. Based on the reports, there are many difficulties to be overcome to ensure greater adherence of women to the pap smear test.

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