Objectives: The urgency of the given study is in the lack of knowledge of various types of motor abilities of older pre-school children with speech disorders and the need to realize an individually differentiated approach to provide the environment for their development. In the current study, it was tried to identify and assess the level of development of motor abilities in older pre-school children with speech disorders. Methods: The study included 200 older pre-school children, 100 children with a healthy level of speech development, and 100 with a speech disorder in the Belgorod and Belgorod region (Russian Federation). The study looked at scientific sources using motor abilities testing (motor coordination, speed, strength, strength, plasticity, and stamina). Methods of mathematical statistics (student's t-test) using the SPSS software, version 26 were used to calculate the statistic problems. Results: The study and assessment of motor abilities of older pre-school children showed the predominance of an insufficient level of development of motor and coordination abilities in both neurotypical children and those with a language disorder. In both groups, children performed the worse left-hand task (the insufficient level was noted in children with speech disorders in 100% of boys and girls; in the group of children with a healthy level of speech development – in 84.1% of boys and 81.5 % of girls). When performing the right task hand, an insufficient level was noticed in children with speech disorders in 95.5% of boys and 96.4% of girls; in the group of children with a healthy level of speech development–in 77.3% of boys and 74.1% of girls. Diagnosis of other motor abilities states the dominance of the insufficient level only in children with speech disorders: strength abilities (70.5% of boys and 72.3% of girls), speed and strength abilities (68.2 % of boys and 67.9 % of girls), stamina (77.3% of boys and 75% of girls), and plasticity (65.9% of boys and 62.5% of girls). The veracity of the results was confirmed through the student's t-test. The observed differences were statistically significant. Discussion: The obtained findings and assessment of motor abilities confirm developmental lag in older pre-school children with speech disorders. In children, low indicators in the level of development of motor-coordination abilities and stamina prevailed.
BACKGROUND: The solving of priority tasks for the development of the agro-industrial complex considers the creation of advanced scientific developments. Innovative research of technical means and technologies of mechanization of agricultural production is not an exception in this regard. In the agricultural sector of Russia, crop production occupies a key place, in which the cultivation of grain crops is a priority. In the whole range of operations in the production of grain, the most important part of it is post-harvest processing of grain. One of the main stages in the post-harvest processing of grain is drying, in which the raw materials are brought to the moisture regain (down to 14%). Proper preparation of grain for storage ensures its reliable safety. AIMS: Modernization of the granular materials dryer by means of new technical solution at the level of patentability. METHODS: Research of the state of the issue on the topic under consideration with the help of a review of literary sources. Patent search for technical devices of grain dryers. Studying the principle of their functioning and design features. Analysis and generalization of the material for the adoption of a new design solution. RESULTS: The use of innovative technologies with the new generation harvesters, characterized by high productivity, has significantly reduced the duration of harvesting, and this, in turn, has significantly aroused the interest in drying. The use of dryers with improved quality indicators of functioning significantly reduces the time for preparing raw materials for long-term storage, reduces grain losses in the field during harvesting, and, in addition, makes it possible to carry out the process of transferring grain from the field to a special long-term storage warehouse in the shortest possible time and with the least losses. There are various ways of drying granular materials. These are main methods based on increasing the temperature of the processed material. Drying of grain with the help of heated air has become the most widespread. CONCLUSIONS: As a result of the conducted research, the drawbacks of existing technical devices for granular materials drying, as well as the principles of their functioning, have been revealed. A detailed analysis of literary sources, including a patent search, made it possible to upgrade the processed raw materials dryer, characterized by a simple and reliable design.
В последнее время специалисты все чаще сталкиваются с «безречевыми» детьми, т.е. с детьми, у которых отсутствует речь. Они имеют комплексное органическое нарушение, что значительно затрудняет логопедическую работу с ними. Группа безречевых детей неоднородна. В нее входят дети с моторной и сенсорной алалией, различными задержками психоречевого развития, ранним детским аутизмом, интеллектуальной недостаточностью, детским церебральным параличом, нарушением слуха. Что же является общим для этих детей? Отсутствие мотивации к общению, неумение ориентироваться в ситуации, разлаженность поведения, негибкость в контактах, повышенная эмоциональная истощаемость-все, что мешает полноценному взаимодействию ребенка с окружающим миром. Ключевые слова: "безречевые" дети, коммуникативно-речевая деятельность, органическое нарушение. Аннотация Ритм современной жизни заставляет человека более ответственно относиться к своему физическому, психическому, здоровью. Для ни кого из нас уже не секрет, что здоровье человекаодин из главных условий благополучия и успешности, как в профессиональной, так и в семейной, социальной и личной жизни. Ключевые слова: здоровье, организация, студенты, физическое воспитание.
Развитие диалогического общения у дошкольников с общим недоразвитием речи в контексте коммуникативнодеятельностного подхода Актуальность рассматриваемой проблемы определе на задачами развития ребенка как субъекта деятельности и отношений с самим собой, другими детьми, взрослыми и социальным миром; инклюзией обучающихся с ограниченными возможностями здоровья в общеобразовательную среду и необходимостью создания специальных условий для удовлетворения их особых образовательных потребностей, в том числе, в формировании необходимых жизненных компетенций, к которым относятся навыки коммуникации.
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