имени рабочей группы регистра "ПРОФИЛЬ" # ФГБУ "Государственный научно-исследовательский центр профилактической медицины" Минздрава России. Москва, Россия Цель. Изучить возможности использования метода регистра для сравнительной оценки клинико-анамнестических характеристик у кардиологических пациентов с наличием и при отсутствии ожирения; составить "портрет" больного с ожирением, характерного для изучаемой когорты. Материал и методы. Проанализированы данные амбулаторного регистра ПРОФИЛЬ за период с января 2011г по 31 августа 2015г: в регистр был включен 1531 первичный пациент, из них индекс массы тела (ИМТ) определен у 1371 больного. У 565 человек было диагностировано ожирение различной степени, у 806 пациентов ИМТ не превышал 30 кг/м 2. Выполнен анализ ретроспективных данных регистра. Результаты. По данным регистра ПРОФИЛЬ ожирение было выявлено у 41,2% больных, пациенты с ожирением были моложе больных без ожирения (р=0,003), среди них приблизительно равное количество мужчин и женщин-50,8% и 49,2%, соответственно. Для больных с ожирением были характерны низкий уровень физической нагрузки, наличие отеков, одышки (р=0,0001). Пациенты с ожирением в 1,5-3 раза чаще имели артериальную гипертонию, сахарный диабет 2 типа, хроническую сердечную недостаточность (р=0,0001), нарушение толерантности к глюкозе (р=0,001), дислипидемию (р=0,012). Несмотря на то, что больные с ожирением, чаще регулярно принимали лекарственные препараты (р=0,006), они реже достигали целевого уровня артериального давления (АД), чем у пациентов без ожирения (р<0,05). Практически никому из пациентов с ожирением не назначалась лекарственная терапия, направленная на снижение веса, за исключением 73 больных, принимавших участие в 2 клинических исследованиях. Заключение. Данные амбулаторного регистра ПРОФИЛЬ подтвердили основные сведения об ожирении у кардиологических пациентов: составлен "портрет" больного ожирением, определены факторы риска (ФР) сердечно-сосудистых заболеваний, коморбидные состояния. Полученные результаты демонстрируют более сложное достижение целевого уровня АД у пациентов с ожирением при регулярной медикаментозной терапии, а также выявляют недостаточное внимание врачей к диагностике и, особенно, лечению ожирения, и недооценку проблемы избыточного веса пациентами. Ключевые слова: ожирение, амбулаторный регистр, индекс массы тела.
Aim. To study two-year survival and factors affecting it in patients with cerebrovascular accident (CVA) with prior coronary artery disease (CAD).Material and methods. The outpatient stage of the REGION-M registry included 684 patients assigned to the Moscow City Polyclinic № 64, discharged from the F.I. Inozemtsev City Clinical Hospital in the period from January 1, 2012 to April 30, 2017 with a verified diagnosis of stroke or transient ischemic attack. Of these, 423 (61,8%) patients had a diagnosis of CAD in the outpatient records.Results. Patients with CAD were significantly older, more often had comorbidities, disability, and were monitored in the polyclinic before the stroke and after hospital discharge than patients without CAD. During the follow-up period, mortality among patients with CAD (34,3%) was significantly higher than without CAD (19,9%) (p< 0,01), At the same time, mortality in CAD was 2,6 times lower among patients who applied to the polyclinic at least once after discharge (28%) than those who never applied after discharge — 72,9% (p< 0,001), Multivariate analysis confirmed this positive effect (relative risk, 0,998; confidence interval: 0,983-0,992, p< 0,0001).Conclusion. Mortality in patients with stroke and CAD was significantly higher than in those without CAD, while it was significantly lower among patients monitored in the polyclinic in the post-hospital period of stroke.
Aim. To study the clinical and anamnestic characteristics, pharmacotherapy of cardiovascular diseases (CVD) and long-term outcomes in post-COVID-19 patients with cardiovascular multimorbidity (CVMM), enrolled in the prospective hospital registry.Material and methods. In patients with confirmed COVID-19 included in the TARGET-VIP registry, the CVMM criterion was the presence of two or more CVDs: arterial hypertension (AH), coronary heart disease (CHD), chronic heart failure (CHF), atrial fibrillation (AF). There were 163 patients in the CVMM group and 382 – in the group without CVD. The information was obtained initially from hospital history sheet, and afterwards – from a telephone survey of patients after 30-60 days, 6 and 12 months, from electronic databases. The follow-up period was 13.0±1.5 months.Results. The age of post-COVID patients with CVMM was 73.7±9.6 years, without CVD – 49.4±12.4 years (p<0.001), the proportion of men was 53.9% and 58.4% (p=0.34). In the group with CVMM the majority of patients had AH (92.3-93.3%), CHD (90.4-91.4%), and minority – CHF (42.7-46.0%) and AF (42.9-43.4%). The combination of 3-4 CVDs prevailed (58.9-60.3%). The proportion of cases of chronic non-cardiac pathologies was higher in the CVMM group (80.9%) compared to the group without CVD (36.7%; p<0.001). The frequency of proper cardiovascular pharmacotherapy during the follow-up period decreased from 56.8% to 51.3% (p for trend = 0.18). The frequency of anticoagulant therapy in AF decreased significantly: from 89.1% at the discharge from the hospital to 56.4% after 30-60 days (p=0.001), 57.1% and 53.6% after 6 and 12 months of monitoring (p for a trend <0.001). There were no other significant changes in the frequency of other kinds of the proper cardiovascular pharmacotherapy (p>0.05). There were higher rate of all-cause mortality among patients with CMMM (12.9% vs 2.9%, p<0.001) as well as rates of hospitalization (34.7% and 9.9%, p<0.001) and non-fatal myocardial infarction (MI) – 2.5% vs 0.5% (p=0.048). The proportion of new cases of CVD in the groups with CVMM and without CVD was 5.5% and 3.7% (p=0.33). The incidence of acute respiratory viral infection (ARVI)/influenza was higher in the group without CVD – 28.3% vs 19.0% (p=0.02). The proportion of cases of recurrent COVID-19 in groups with CVMM and without CVD was 3.7 % and 1.8% (p=0.19).Conclusion. Post COVID-19 patients with CVMM were older and had the bigger number of chronic non-cardiac diseases than patients without CVD. The quality of cardiovascular pharmacotherapy in patients with CVMM was insufficient at the discharge from the hospital with following non-significant decrease during 12 months of follow-up. The frequency of anticoagulant therapy in AF decreased by 1.6 times after 30-60 days and by 1.7 times during the year of follow-up. The proportion of new cases of CVD was 5.5% and 3.7% with no significant differences between compared groups. The rate of all-cause mortality, hospitalizations and non-fatal MI was significantly higher in patients with CVMM, but the frequency of ARVI/influenza was significantly higher in patients without CVD. Recurrent COVID-19 was registered in 3.7% and 1.8% of cases, there were no significant differences between compared groups.
Aim. According to hospital-based registry, to evaluate the age characteristics and prevalence of concomitant cardiovascular and non-сardiovascular diseases in patients hospitalized with COVID-19 during epidemic wave.Material and methods. The TARGET-VIP register included 1130 patients aged 57,5+12,8 years (men, 51,2%) hospitalized at the Pirogov National Medical and Surgical Center from April 6, 2020 to June 22, 2020 with COVID-19. Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) were diagnosed in 51,6% of patients, non-сardiovascular chronic diseases — in 48,6%, while CVDs and/or non-сardiovascular chronic diseases — in 65,8% of patients.Results. The average age of patients significantly increased by an average of 0,77 years per week (p<0,001), while the difference between the 1st week (52,8 years) and 11th week (62,2 years) was 9,4 years; the proportion of men did not change significantly. The proportion of patients with CVDs increased significantly — from 34,2% to 66,7%, on average by 3,7% per week (p<0,001; Incidence Risk Ratio (IRR)=1,037; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1,017-1,058), with chronic non-cardiovascular diseases — from 32,5% to 43,2%, on average by 2,5% per week (p<0,001; IRR=1,025; 95% CI, 1,002-1,049), as well as those with CVDs and/or chronic non-cardiovascular diseases — from 47,5% to 75,3%, on average by 3,2% per week (p<0,001; IRR=1,032; 95% CI, 1,017-1,048). Over the entire period, the proportion of people with hypertension (HTN) was 47,0%, with coronary artery disease (CAD) — 15,4%, with heart failure (HF) — 4,0%, and with atrial fibrillation (AF) — 10,1%. The proportion of patients with HTN increased by 9,5% (p<0,001; OR=1,095; 95% CI, 1,047-1,144), with СAD — by 9,4% (p=0,01; OR=1,094; 95% CI, 1,022-1,172) and with AF — by 9,4% (p<0,001; OR=1,094; 95% CI, 1,023-1,170) per week. The proportion of patients with diabetes was 16,5%, with respiratory diseases — 11,4%, with chronic kidney disease (CKD) — 12,6%, with digestive diseases — 22,5%, with obesity — 6,1%. During the epidemic wave, the most pronounced increase in the proportion of patients with CKD was by 6,2% (p=0,036; OR=1,062; 95% CI, 1,004-1,124) and with digestive diseases — by 6,0% (p=0,01; OR=1,060; 95% CI, 1,014-1,109) per week.Conclusion. According to the 11-week TARGET-VIP registry, the age of patients increased by 9,4 years, CVD cases — by 1,9 times (mainly HTN, CAD, AF), and chronic nonсardiovascular pathology — by 1,3 times (mainly CKD and digestive diseases). These trends in hospital practice corresponded to a weekly increase in the proportion of patients with a higher risk of fatal and non-fatal complications, which is the basis for further research in order to develop a system for a comprehensive prognostic assessment of the degree and rate of increase in the load on hospitals during COVID-19 epidemic wave.
В. П., Марцевич С. Ю., Кутишенко Н. П., Деев А. Д. от имени участников исследования КВАЗАР Цель. В рамках исследования КВАЗАР оценить антиангинальный и анти-ишемический эффекты терапии никорандилом с помощью проб с дозиро-ванной физической нагрузкой (ПДФН) на тредмиле у больных хронической ишемической болезнью сердца (ХИБС) со стабильной стенокардий напря-жения. Материал и методы. Рандомизированное, двойное слепое, плацебо конт-ролируемое, проводимое в 2-х параллельных группах многоцентровое иссле-дование. Включено 120 пациентов, все пациенты получали метопролола тар-трат в дозе 50 мг 2 раза/сут. После рандомизации пациентам основной группы к лечению добавляли никорандил (Н) 10 мг 2 раза/сут., через 2 нед. дозу увеличивали до 20 мг 2 раза/сут., пациенты контрольной группы прини-мали плацебо (П), продолжительность исследования составила 6 нед. Для оценки эффективности лечения Н в дозе 10-20 мг 2 раза/сут. использовали ПДФН на тредмиле, проведенные на визите рандомизации (В0) и через 6 нед. терапии (В6). Результаты. Прием Н через 6 нед. сопровождался статистически значи-мым увеличением времени до начала приступа стенокардии (p<0,0001), времени до появления депрессии сегмента ST=1,0 мм (p<0,005) и времени до развития приступа стенокардии средней интенсивности (p<0,005). В группе пациентов, принимающих П, увеличился только показатель перено-симости пробы до начала приступа стенокардии (p<0,01), при этом показа-тели продолжительности нагрузки до появления депрессии сегмента ST=1,0 мм и до развития приступа стенокардии средней интенсивности статистически значимо не изменились. В подгруппе пациентов, у которых при проведении ПДФН регистрировались ишемические изменения сег-мента ST на фоне приема препарата Н непосредственно перед очередным назначением отмечен существенный прирост продолжительности ПДФН до появления ишемических изменений на ЭКГ в сравнении с плацебо (р<0,05), что подтверждает антиишемическое действие никорандила в течение суток при двукратном режиме дозирования. Заключение. Никорандил статистически значимо увеличивал показатели переносимости физической нагрузки у больных ХИБС со стабильной стено-кардией напряжения. Результаты проведенного исследования позволяют сделать заключение о дополнительном и клинически значимом вкладе нико-рандила, назначаемого по 10-20 мг х 2 раза в день, как эффективного, хорошо переносимого антиангинального препарата второй линии терапии для лече-ния пациентов с ХИБС со стабильной стенокардией напряжения. ASSESSmENT OF ANTIISCHEmIC AND ANTIANGINAL EFFECTS OF NICORANDIL bY TREADmILL TEST, UNDER THE FRAmEWORK OF KVAZAR STUDYVoronina V. P., Martsevich S. Yu., Kutishenko N. P., Deev A. D. on behalf of the KVAZAR study workgroup Aim. Under the framework of KVAZAR study, to assess antianginal and antiischemic effects of nicorandil therapy with exercise test on treadmill in chronic coronary heart disease patients (CCHD) with stable angina. material and methods. Randomized, double blind, placebo-control study, conducted in 2 parallel groups, multicenter. Totally, 120 patients included...
Aim. To study the two-year survival rate of patients with cerebrovascular accident (CVA) in different age groups.Material and methods. The outpatient part of the REGION-M registry included 684 patients assigned to the City Polyclinic № 64 in Moscow, discharged from the F. I. Inozemtsev City Clinical Hospital (Moscow) in the period from January 1, 2012 to April 30, 2017 with a confirmed diagnosis of stroke or transient ischemic attack. All patients were divided into 5 age groups: group 1 — from 18 to 50 years old (n=72 (10,5%)), group 2 — from 51 to 60 years old (n=122 (17,8%)), group 3 — from 61 to 70 years old (n=156 (22,8%)), group 4 — from 71 to 80 years old (n=185 (27,0%)) and group 5 — 81 years and above (n=149 (21,8%)). Patient survival was assessed after 2 years of follow-up.Results. The mortality rate of patients during the follow-up period significantly increased with age as follows: in patients of 18-50 years old — 4%, 51-60 years old — 9,8%, 61-70 years old — 23,7%, 71-80 years old — 34%, 81-100 years old — 55% (p<0,0001). The relative death risk was 2,3 in group 2 (NA), 6,8 in group 3 (p<0,001), 9,8 in group 4 (p<0,0001) and 18,5 in group 5 (p<0,0001) compared with group 1. With increasing age in the study cohort, the proportion of women increased as follows: from 47,2% in group 1 to 77,9% in group 5 (p<0,0001). However, mortality among men and women in the groups did not differ. Patients in older age groups were more likely to have comorbidities and disability before the CVA. With increasing age, ischemic stroke was significantly more common and transient ischemic attack was less common (p<0,001).Conclusion. Mortality of patients who underwent stroke was significantly higher in older age groups and did not differ among men and women.
The evaluation of antithrombotic treatment prescription dynamics in patients with atrial fibrillation by the data of PROFILE registry
Aim. Based on the data from the register of patients with COVID-19 and community-acquired pneumonia (CAP), analyze the duration of the prehospital period, cardiovascular comorbidity and the quality of prehospital pharmacotherapy of concomitant cardiovascular diseases (CVD).Material and methods. Patients were included to the study which admitted to the FSBI "NMHC named after N.I. Pirogov" of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation with a suspected or confirmed diagnosis of COVID-19 and/or CAP. The data for prehospital therapy, information from medical histories and a patients’survey in the hospital or by telephone contact 1-2 weeks after discharge were study. The duration of the prehospital stage was determined from the date of the appearance of clinical symptoms of coronavirus infection to the date of hospitalization.Results. The average age of the patients (n=1130; 579 [51.2%] men and 551 [48.8%] women) was 57.5±12.8 years. The prehospital stage was 7 (5,0; 10,0) days and did not differ significantly in patients with the presence and absence of CVD, but was significantly less in the deceased than in the surviving patients, as well as in those who required artificial lung ventilation (ALV). 583 (51.6%) patients had at least one CVD. Cardiovascular comorbidity was registered in 222 (42.7%) patients with hypertension, 210 (95.5%) patients with coronary heart disease (CHD), 104 (91.2%) patients with atrial fibrillation (AF). The inclusion of non-cardiac chronic diseases in the analysis led to an increase in the total proportion of patients with concomitant diseases to 65.8%. Approximately a quarter of hypertensive patients did not receive antihypertensive therapy, a low proportion of patients receiving antiplatelet agents and statins for CHD was revealed – 53% and 31.8%, respectively, anticoagulants for AF – 50.9%.Conclusion. The period from the onset of symptoms to hospitalization was significantly shorter in the deceased than in the surviving patients, as well as in those who required ALV. The proportion of people with a history of at least one CVD was about half of the entire cohort of patients. In patients with CVD before COVID-19 disease, a low frequencies of prescribing antihypertensive drugs, statins, antiplatelet agents and anticoagulants (in patients with AF) were recorded at the prehospital stage.
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