The monograph examines the features of psychological interaction in higher education, based on the systemic principles of the functioning of social phenomena. From the point of view of a person-centered approach, concepts, principles and methods are revealed, defined: the structure, patterns, conditions and mechanisms of interaction in the "man — university" system. The idea of a new image of a "self-organizing person" is put forward. Theoretically, two self-organizing models, invariant to each other, are substantiated: a person and an educational environment. The results of an empirical study of the synergy effect of two models are presented, the system-forming factor of which is the mental health of teachers and students, as well as the psychological safety of the educational environment of the university. It is intended for students of psychological and pedagogical areas of training and specialties. It is of interest to scientists, university teachers interested in the problems of psychological safety of the educational environment, the preservation of mental health and ensuring socio-psychological well-being in the field of higher education.
В. Б. ТАРАБАЕВА Доктор социологических наук, кандидат психологических наук, профессор В. В. ГРЕБНЕВА кандидат психологических наук, доцент НИУ «БелГУ» Белгород, Россия ЭМОЦИОНАЛЬНАЯ РЕПРЕЗЕНТАЦИЯ ОСОБЕННОСТЕЙ ОБРАЗОВАТЕЛЬНОЙ СРЕДЫ У СТУДЕНТОВ ВУЗА Аннотация: В статье рассматриваются результаты эмпирического исследования эмоциональной репрезентации особенностей образовательной среды у студентов вуза, полученные в группах с разными картинами здоровья, на разных этапах профессионального становления. Дана картина эмоциональных состояний студентов, переживаемых в процессе учебной деятельности в условиях применения разнообразных методов обучения.
Purpose: The article presents the results of the study of the relationship between the type of temperament and the mechanisms of psychological protection used by a person. Methodology:The study was conducted on the basis of the Belgorod State National Research University. The study involved students aged 18-20 years old in the amount of 300 people. The groups were formed taking into account the dominance of the type of temperament. Gr. #1 included respondents with a predominance of sanguine temperament; gr. #2 -phlegmatic; gr. #3 -choleric and gr. #4 -melancholic type.Result: It is shown that there are differences in the severity of the mechanisms of psychological protection in individuals with different dominant temperament. It is revealed that emotionally stable persons with high indicators of strength and balance of nervous processes (sanguine and phlegmatic types) use more complex and ontogenetically later mechanisms of psychological protection.Applications: This research can be used for universities, teachers, and students. Novelty/Originality: In this research, the model of ---is presented in a comprehensive and complete manner.A statistically significant inverse relationship was found between the severity of neuroticism (emotional instability) and psychological protection indicators "rationalization" (r = -0.341; p = 0.05) and "projection" (r = -0.352; p = 0.05). Consequently, subjects with a predominance of melancholic and choleric temperament will be least characterized by these protective mechanisms. A statistically significant direct relationship between the severity of neuroticism and the mechanisms of psychological defense "repression" (r = 0.362; p = 0.05) and "denial" (r = 0.359; p = 0.05) was also revealed. Consequently, these psychological defense mechanisms are more appropriate for respondents with choleric and melancholic temperaments. CONCLUSIONThe data obtained in the course of the study make it possible to judge that there are differences in the severity of psychological defense mechanisms among individuals with different dominance of temperament. We assume and experimentally confirm that the personality with an emotionally stable and strong nervous system (sanguine and phlegmatic types of temperament) has more complex and ontogenetically subsequent psychological defense mechanisms.1. The majority of surveyed respondents aged 18-21 years old have a dominant choleric type of temperament -40.6%, 31.6% of students -sanguine, 16% -phlegmatic, 16% -melancholic.2. Respondents with a predominance of choleric and melancholic types of temperament are more in line with such psychological defense mechanisms as reactive formations, denial, regression, repression. The representatives of the sanguine and phlegmatic temperament are characterized by: compensation, projection, and rationalization.3. The correlation coefficient confirms the relationship between the parameters of emotional stability and the predominance of protective mechanisms. Thus, we revealed a statistically significant positive relationsh...
Despite the significance and effectiveness of numerous studies, the role and relationship of internal (psychological) and external (environmental) factors in the development of creativity at the stage of studying at a university are not clearly determined. The conducted study aims to analyze the psychological prerequisites for the development of a person’s creativity at student age. The study tests the hypothesis that students demonstrating a higher level of creativity have several individual psychological features including genetically predetermined ones. The deployed psychodiagnostic methods include the “creativity” scale of the Self-actualization diagnostic questionnaire “SAMOAL” (A.V. Lazukina, as adapted by N.F. Kalin), “Questionnaire for diagnostics of the dominating instinct” (V.I. Garbuzov); the Eysenck Personality Inventory (EPI), and “The method of diagnostics of the learning style parameters” (A. Soloman, R. Felder). The obtained results provide for a more precise description of the psychological portrait of a student with high creativity level as well as indicate the presence of genetically predetermined factors of predisposition to the development of creativity as a creative attitude towards life.
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