The Prevailing Mechanisms of Psychological Protection at Persons With Different Dominance of Temperament

Abstract

Purpose: The article presents the results of the study of the relationship between the type of temperament and the mechanisms of psychological protection used by a person. Methodology:The study was conducted on the basis of the Belgorod State National Research University. The study involved students aged 18-20 years old in the amount of 300 people. The groups were formed taking into account the dominance of the type of temperament. Gr. #1 included respondents with a predominance of sanguine temperament; gr. #2 -phlegmatic; gr. #3 -choleric and gr. #4 -melancholic type.Result: It is shown that there are differences in the severity of the mechanisms of psychological protection in individuals with different dominant temperament. It is revealed that emotionally stable persons with high indicators of strength and balance of nervous processes (sanguine and phlegmatic types) use more complex and ontogenetically later mechanisms of psychological protection.Applications: This research can be used for universities, teachers, and students. Novelty/Originality: In this research, the model of ---is presented in a comprehensive and complete manner.A statistically significant inverse relationship was found between the severity of neuroticism (emotional instability) and psychological protection indicators "rationalization" (r = -0.341; p = 0.05) and "projection" (r = -0.352; p = 0.05). Consequently, subjects with a predominance of melancholic and choleric temperament will be least characterized by these protective mechanisms. A statistically significant direct relationship between the severity of neuroticism and the mechanisms of psychological defense "repression" (r = 0.362; p = 0.05) and "denial" (r = 0.359; p = 0.05) was also revealed. Consequently, these psychological defense mechanisms are more appropriate for respondents with choleric and melancholic temperaments. CONCLUSIONThe data obtained in the course of the study make it possible to judge that there are differences in the severity of psychological defense mechanisms among individuals with different dominance of temperament. We assume and experimentally confirm that the personality with an emotionally stable and strong nervous system (sanguine and phlegmatic types of temperament) has more complex and ontogenetically subsequent psychological defense mechanisms.1. The majority of surveyed respondents aged 18-21 years old have a dominant choleric type of temperament -40.6%, 31.6% of students -sanguine, 16% -phlegmatic, 16% -melancholic.2. Respondents with a predominance of choleric and melancholic types of temperament are more in line with such psychological defense mechanisms as reactive formations, denial, regression, repression. The representatives of the sanguine and phlegmatic temperament are characterized by: compensation, projection, and rationalization.3. The correlation coefficient confirms the relationship between the parameters of emotional stability and the predominance of protective mechanisms. Thus, we revealed a statistically significant positive relationsh...