Introduction. The production of primary aluminum is one of the leading and belonging to the category of an increased health hazard for workers in the economy, which requires close attention to working conditions while modernizing production technology. Material and methods. The research methodology included a comprehensive study of working conditions and assessment of priority occupational risk factors, an in-depth study of the morphology, dispersed and component composition of dust and gas components air-suspended at different technologies of electrolysis of aluminum. Results. The leading production factors of occupational risk, degrees are fluorine-containing compounds, dust and gas-aerosol mixtures in the form of separate and assembled into agglomerates micro- and nanostructured particles of complex chemical composition (fluorine, carbon, aluminum, sodium, oxygen, silicon, iron, sulfur, chromium, nickel, etc.), unfavorable microclimate, electromagnetic field, noise, vibration, physical loads, which are related to the 3rd (harmful) class of 1 to 3 degree. Discussion. Modernization of aluminum production with the introduction of technology of pre-baked anodes allows significantly improve working conditions, reduce the admission of harmful chemical substances into the air of the working area, with the exception of hydrofluoride, the concentration of which exceeds extremely permissible levels in 1.5-3.1 times. Noteworthy is the fact of the detection of aerosols of disintegration and condensation, including particles of nanoscale range, impurities of heavy metals in the air. The consequences of the effect of such complex combination mixtures, their combined effects with other factors on the body, can have pronounced negative effects, which is important with adequate exposure analysis and personalized assessment of the health risks of workers engaged in the production of aluminum. Conclusion. Working conditions at workplaces with the technology of self-baking anodes are characterized by moderate or severe professional risk, with the technology of pre-baked anodes - mild or moderate risk, which makes the urgent problem of further improvement of aluminum production technologies, detailed analysis of personal exposures of harmful substances for a correct assessment of the health risk of workers, is relevant.

The paper presents information about the content of benzo(a)pyrene in soil samples of petroleum products and the content of heavy metals (iron, copper, lead, arsenic, manganese, chromium, cadmium and mercury) in the soil and hair samples of children. Soil samples and hair were taken in October 2014 in the north-western part of the Yamal-Nenets Autonomous District. The values obtained were compared with the approximately permissible levels and maximum allowable concentrations adopted in the Russian Federation. Levels are determined compounds in the soil in general do not exceed the allowable concentrations. In hair samples there was noted marked exceeding of the recommended values for zinc, copper, chromium and iron 10%, 16.7%, 83.3% and 100% samples, respectively. The cause of the high iron content in the hair samples may be due to the quality of consumed water, which is characterized by low mineralization and high iron content. Increased chromium content of more than 80% of the hair samples can be caused, as in the case of iron, the quality of water consumed, but also a high proportion of local foods in the diet of people, rich by chromium. A conducted study on the state of the environment in the village, away from areas of hydrocarbon production, indicates to the low importance of anthropogenic impact.

Background: Thiodiacetic acid (TDAA) is the main metabolite of vinyl chloride (VC) and 1,2-dichloroethane (EDC) and its urinary level is correlated with the level of exposure to these chemicals. Objective: To study dynamics of the excretion of TDAA into urine of polyvinyl chloride (PVC) production workers. Methods: The study sample consisted of 65 workers of VC and PVC divisions with various time intervals following exposure to the chemicals, 10 shift workers from PVC division, and 34 workers not exposed to the chemicals (control group). Analysis of urinary TDAA was carried out with gas chromatography with mass-selective detector. Results: The concentrations of TDAA in the urine of workers of the VC division and in group of primary occupations who had a high level of exposure to the chemicals, were significantly (p<0.05) higher than that of workers of the PVC production division and group of auxiliary professions. The highest levels of TDAA in the urine of workers were found at the beginning of the next shift and during a long break, 24–48 hours after the cessation of the exposure. Conclusion: When conducting biomonitoring studies in PVC production workers, the optimal time for collecting urine samples is at the beginning of the next shift or during a long rest, 24–48 hours after the exposure.

Aim of investigation. To study the content of heavy metals: zinc, iron, copper, lead, arsenic, manganese, chromium, cadmium and mercury in hair samples of children permanently residing on the territory of the Arctic zone of Russia. Methods. In the process of research, a method of atomic absorption spectrometry with flame and electrothermal atomization, the cold vapor method was used. In the transverse study, 48 children aged 7 to 17 years were involved. Hair sampling was performed from the occipital part of the head. Hair represents an ideal object of research and is one of the informative tissue structures of a person. The obtained results were compared with the reference values established for residents of the Volga and Ural federal districts of the Russian Federation. Results. Exceed-ances of the recommended values for copper, iron, manganese and zinc in 100.0 %, 66.7 %, 25.0 % and 22.2 % samples respectively in the children of Salekhard at the age of 7-11; and iron, copper, chromium, zinc and manganese in 70.0 %, 50.0 %, 44.4 %, 40.0 % and 20.0 % of samples respectively for the children of Salekhard at the age of 13-16 years. The children of the village of Yar-Sale, two age groups have exceeded the recommended levels for iron, chromium, copper and zinc, the percentage of such samples for children aged 7 to 11 years was 100.0 %, 85.7 %, 57.1 % and 7.1 % respectively, and for children from 13 to 17 years- 100.0 %, 86.7 %, 13.3 % and 13.3 % respectively. Conclusion. The conducted studies on the study of heavy metals in hair of both age groups of children in in settlement Yar-Sale and city Salekhard found exceedances of recommended values for zinc, copper, iron, chromium (except for the age group of children of 7-11 years of Salekhard) and manganese (for children living in Salekhard).

Introduction. Snow cover can be considered a reliable index of air pollution, it provides information on the spatial distribution of chemical compounds and the intensity of exposure to emission sources over a certain period. The need for snow cover studies is connected with the fact that precipitation not only reflects the state of atmospheric air, but also is a component of the balance of surface waters, and affects the state of soils, vegetation, and groundwater. Priority pollutants accumulated in the snow cover include polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and petroleum hydrocarbons (PHs), posing a public health hazard in urban areas. Materials and methods. To assess the level of contamination of different areas of snow cover in the zones, 9 sites were selected at different distances from stationary sources. Sampling was carried out in the period of maximum snow accumulation in the form of cores over the entire depth. There were used methods of gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, fluorimetry. Results. The data on the content of PAH and PHs in the snow cover of the city of Shelekhov of the Irkutsk region are presented. The rates of atmospheric deposition of PAHs, determined by their concentrations in the snow cover, were established to be high in this area. The maximum content of the amount of PAH - 134.7 µg/l and 78.0 µg/l, petroleum hydrocarbons 0.98 µg/l and 0.32 µg/l was found in the levels closest to stationary sources. The total content of benzo(a)pyrene at all points exceeds the background value on average 10.6-29.4 times. Conclusion. The data on the content of PAH and PH in the snow cover of the town of Shelekhov of the Irkutsk region are presented. Rates of atmospheric deposition of PAHs, determined by their concentrations in the snow cover, were established to be high in this area. The maximum content of the amount of PAH - 134.7 µg/l and 78.0 µg/l, petroleum hydrocarbons 0.98 µg/l and 0.32 µg/l was found in the levels closest to stationary sources. The total content of benzo(a)pyrene at all points exceeds the background value on average by 10.6-29.4 times.

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There is presented the assessment of priority toxic matters in the air of working zone for basic occupations of aluminum smelting by electrolysis. There are presented results of different production technologies. There are presented the results of the physical-chemical analysis of the morphology and composition of produced toxic-dust complexes.