Urinary abnormalities were evaluated in 100 renal stone patients with first episode of renal stone having age 22 to 45 years from both sex and compared to 100 normal healthy control group having same age group from both sex. Twenty-four hours urinary oxalate, calcium, uric acid, sodium, magnesium, phosphorus and citrate were estimated. The urinary pH was also determined. In stone formers urinary oxalate, calcium, sodium and uric acid excretions were significantly higher when compared with control group. Whereas citrate, phosphate and magnesium excretion were significantly lower in stone formers when compared with control.The pH of urine in stone formers was lower than the controls. High dietary intake of purine rich diet causes elevated excretion of uric acid, which leads to calcium oxalate crystal formation and precipitation. Other risk factors such as urinary oxalate, calcium also related to formation of renal calculi.Hypocitraturia is the main cause of renal calculi along with hypomagnesiuria and hypophosphaturia in the patient of Marathwada region. On the basis of urinary abnormalities further stone formation in the patient can be prevented by dietary modifications.
RBC membrane can be affected by consumption of bioactive compounds from herbs and medicinal plants. This study aimed to assess hemolytic effect of crude ethyl acetate and acetone extract from Cassia glauca flowers. Both the extracts of Cassia flowers were prepared, using Soxhlet apparatus. RBCs were washed with phosphate buffered saline and resuspended in 0.9% normal saline. These RBCs were added to different concentrations of the extracts and then incubated. After centrifugation, absorbance of the supernatant was determined by UV spectrophotometer at 540 nm. The present work shows that the fractions exhibited anti-hemolytic potential as extracts of Cassia flower showed very less percent of hemolysis when compared to standard quercetin. IC50values were found to be 23.77μg/ml for (CF EA) and 12.50μg/ml for Cassia flower in acetone(CF A)against standard which was found to be 41.75μg/ml. Extracts of Cassia flower exhibited very low hemolytic activity. Hence, it can be considered as safe to human RBCs. In future recommend further in vitro and in vivo studies to evaluate the clinical efficacy of Cassia glauca extracts for treated several diseases.
Keyword: Extract, Acetone, Ethyl acetate, Cassia glauca flowers, Hemolytic effect, RBCs
Gene expression by large-scale transfection of mammalian and animal cells is becoming an established technology for the fast production of therapeutic biotech products. However, efforts are still needed to optimize production parameters in order to maximize volumetric productivity while maintaining product quality.Generally, in cell culture 5% to 15% serum is used as supplement in the standard basal media in addition to salts and amino acids for healthy cell growth. To overcome the serum related problems, serum derived and animal derived substances are being used. The serum, serum derived or animal derived substances have some advantages and disadvantages which we have summarized in this review. This article mainly focuses on the replacement of serum, serum derived or animal derived substance with plant derived peptones to fulfill the regulatory requirements.In addition, this article also highlights the methods of peptone selection, peptone screening and some issues related to peptone utilization and their solutions.On the basis of review, we found that the usage of ultrafiltered plant peptone in combination with polyamine could be the best composition for cells growth and reproducible expression of the therapeutic Bio-products. The source or type of peptone (soy peptone, wheat and rice peptone) and polyamines ( cadaverine, putrescine, spermidine, spermine, agmatine and ornithine etc) are cell dependent and can be selected on the basis of their performance with respect to cell growth, expression of protein of interest with consistency in the production process.
The present study was an endeavour to partially purify and characterize enterocins produced by E.hirae and E.faecalis from UTI patients.Maximum enterococcal isolates were obtained from females of 10-20years age group and compared with males of same age group. Enterocin was partially purifi ed by ammonium sulphate precipitation technique followed by dialysis and analysis by SDS-PAGE revealed molecular mass of enterocin to be 4.5-5.5 kDa approximately .Partially purifi ed enterocin was heat and pH stable and sensitive to proteolytic enzymes, thus proving it to be of proteinaceous nature and was therefore characterized as enterocin. Such bacteriocin have broad fi eld of application including both food industry and medical sector.
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