In this paper, helium plasma jets are used for water activation to explore the production mechanism of H2O2 in the water. Either positive or negative DC voltage is used for the plasma excitation. It is found that the concentration of aqueous H2O2 induced by the positive plasma jet is ~4 times larger than that by the negative plasma jet with similar average discharge current. Three production pathways of aqueous H2O2 are considered important in literature, including the electrolysis, the dissolution of gaseous H2O2, and the combination of aqueous OH. However, the first two pathways are found to have similar contributions on H2O2 production for the positive and negative plasma jets. It is deduced that the OH combination in the surface layer of the plasma-activated water is most responsible for the concentration difference of aqueous H2O2 between the two plasma jets.

Background: To retrospectively investigate the clinical characteristics, initial treatment, relapse, therapy outcome, and prognosis of Chinese patients with primary testicular lymphoma (PTL) through analysis of the cases of our institute. Methods: From December 2008 to July 2018, all patients with PTL were included in this study. Kaplan-Meier method was used to estimate PFS and OS. The Cox proportional hazards model was used to compare the survival times for groups of patients differing in terms of clinical and laboratory parameters. Results: All 28 PTL patients (24 DLBCL, three NK/T lymphomas, and one Burkkit's lymphoma) with a median age of 65.5 years were included in this study. Six patients were observed recurrence among all the 22 individuals evaluated. Following orchiectomy and systemic chemotherapy, with or without intrathecal prophylaxis, complete response was achieved in 15 (68%) patients. For DLBCL patients, the median progression-free survival (PFS) was 44.63 months (95% CI 17.71-71.56 months), and the median overall survival (OS) was 77.02 months (95% CI, 57.35-96.69 months). For all the DLBCL patients, the 5-year PFS and 5-year OS were 35.4% (95%CI, 14.8-56.0%) and 53.4% (95%CI, 30.1-76.7%). Without further chemotherapy following orchiectomy (HR = 3.4, P = 0.03) were associated with inferior PFS of DLBCL patients. Advanced Ann Arbor stage (HR =5.9, P = 0.009) and high (international prognostic index, IPI) score: 3-5 (HR =3.9, P = 0.04) were correlated with shorter OS of DLBCL patients. Conclusion: This study confirms that PTL is an aggressive malignant with a poor prognosis. Limited Ann Arbor stage, further chemotherapy following orchiectomy, and low IPI score (less than 2) are correlated with superior survival for DLBCL patients.

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KH550 organic modified MMT was incorporated into PCL to enhance the interfacial bonding and restricted the movement of PCL molecular chains in galleries through the interlayer locking effect.

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Forming magnesium alloys with rare earth elements (La, Gd, Nd, Y, Ce) is a routine method for modifying their microstructure and properties. In the present work, the effect of Ce addition on the microstructure evolution and the mechanical properties of as-extruded Mg-8Al-0.5Zn (AZ80) alloy was investigated. All of the extruded AZ80-xCe (x = 0, 0.2, 0.8 and 1.4 wt %) alloys exhibited equiaxed grains formed by fully dynamic recrystallization, and the grain size of the extruded AZ80 alloy was remarkably reduced by ~56.7% with the addition of 1.4 wt % Ce. Furthermore, the bulk-shaped Al4Ce phase formed when Ce was first added, with the Ce content rising to 0.8 wt % or higher, and Al4Ce particles in both the nano- and micron sizees were well distributed in the primary α-Mg matrix. The area fraction of the Al4Ce particles expanded with increasing Ce content, providing more nuclei for dynamic recrystallization, which could contribute to the grain refinement. The results of the tensile tests in this study showed that Ce addition effectively improved the room temperature formability of the as-extruded AZ80 alloy, without sacrificing strength. The significantly improved mechanical properties were ascribed to excellent grain refinement, weakened texture strength, an increased Schmid factor, and a reduced area fraction of low-angle grain boundaries, all resulting from Ce addition to the as-extruded AZ80 alloy. The contribution of the nano-Al4Ce precipitates on improving the mechanical properties was also discussed in this paper.

The traditional method for synthesizing NH3 is the Haber–Bosch process which results in high‐fuel consumption and environmental pollution. Therefore, ecofriendly electrochemical synthesis of NH3 through nitrate (NO3−) reduction is a good choice. Herein, an integral Au/Cu electrode to catalyze NO3− reduction to NH3 is introduced. The catalyst exhibits not only the highest NH3 yield rate (73.4 mg h−1 cm−2) up to now but also a very high Faradaic efficiency of 98.02% at −0.7 V at room temperature. It is commonly believed that the transformation of NO3− to nitrite (NO2−) is an obstacle to the NH3 generation from NO3− reduction. Surprisingly, unlike most of the other catalysts, Au/Cu exhibits better activity for NO3− reduction than that for NO2− reduction. Based on the detailed experimental and density functional theory calculations, the excellent performance of Au/Cu for selective NO3− reduction lies in the enhanced adsorption capabilities of Au/Cu to NO3− in the alkaline environment and the lower energy barriers of the electrochemical reduction reaction.

The authors reported in this paper the seasonal variations in major atmospheric tides in the mesosphere and lower thermosphere (MLT) region in the meridian at 120°E. The SABER/TIMED temperature measurements covering November 2004 to January 2006 were used to delineate tidal harmonics through applying the Fourier‐least squares fit and the FFT analysis. Tidal harmonics composing the final apparent tides were examined separately. Investigation results showed that the migrating diurnal harmonic increases with altitude and attain maxima at 97 km height, then decreases rapidly with altitude. It was also found that the other harmonics increase with altitude in the MLT region and attain significant amplitude at 97 km height. Using these harmonics, the diurnal, semidiurnal and terdiurnal tides in the meridian were reconstructed. Particular focus was placed on investigating the contribution of nonmigrating tides for each kind tides of different frequency. The primary results showed that in the meridian, migrating tides play dominant role in characterizing the general features both in space and time for diurnal and semidiurnal tides. Regarding the diurnal tides, contribution of migrating component is most predominant during spring equinox, which is characterized by the amplitude maxima at the equator and that at the tropics for both hemispheres. Moreover, consistency was seen in the comparison among the temporal variation in the reconstructed diurnal tides and the previous result obtained by using meteor radar wind measurements taken at Wuhan (30°N, 114°E). Regarding the contribution of diurnal nonmigrating harmonics, it was found that in addition to the previously observed prominent (1, 0), (1, 2) and (1, –3) mode, (1, –2) mode is also prominent showing amplitude comparable to that of the (1, 0) mode. These four modes contribute together during summer solstice to form an area covering 10°N to 30°S with maximal amplitude 20K appearing at the Equator. Due to the domination of migrating semidiurnal tides, prominent semidiurnal tides occur at the tropical latitudes in both hemispheres. In the northern hemisphere, the semidiurnal tides appear intense amplitudes during autumn equinox with the maximum of 13K. In the southern hemisphere, they are intense in between spring and summer equinox. The influences of the nonmigrating semidiurnal tides appear to be clear in other seasons, a number of amplitude maxima are seen. As confined in 40°S~40°N, the terdiurnal tides exhibit much weak amplitudes. Moreover, the nonmigrating terdiurnal tides are stronger during many times than the migrating tides in amplitude, although the later exhibit regular occurrence at the Equator. Nevertheless, the current results suggested that the nonmigratingt ides are predominant during most times in 2005.