AbstrakAnalisis karakteristik penderita TB selain berguna untuk pengobatan juga berguna dalam memudahkan penemukan tersangka TB. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis karakteristik penderita TB. Desain studi yang digunakan adalah crossectional dengan sampel sebanyak 40 pasien TB yang berobat 3 bulan terakhir di Puskesmas Seberang Ulu 1 Palembang. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan kunjungan rumah ke pasien lalu dilakukan wawancara serta pemeriksaan fisik dan status kesehatan. Hasil penelitian didapatkan bahwa karakteristik penderita TB paling banyak pada kelompok : usia produktif usia 12 -35 tahun dan rentang usia dewasa 49 -61 tahun; jenis kelamin laki-laki; pendidikan sekolah tingkat dasar; pekerjaan buruh; sosial ekonomi rendah; perokok aktif. Ditemukan 13.2% pasien TB dengan DM, 45% pasien TB dengan hipertensi, 47.5% pasien TB dengan anemia, 55% pasien TB dengan gizi kurang, 17.5% pasien memiliki riwayat keluarga menderita TB. Pasien kambuh sebanyak 12.5%; pasien yang putus OAT 17.5%; serta ditemukan tidak minum OAT sebanyak 15%. Abstract Analysis of characteristics TB disease besides useful for treatment is also useful to finding
Information about Covid-19 spreads very quickly through social media as quickly as the virus spreads so that it can have both negative and positive impacts. The negative impact is panic, and the positive impact can be the government's partner in disseminating information related to Covid-19. This study aims to find out how the public's access to the news of covid-19. This research is quantitative with a cross sectional design. The research was conducted in 2022 in one of the women's study places in the Medan area. The number of samples was 40 people with an age range of 20 years to 80 years. The method of data collection is by interviewing the respondents. The results of the study showed that 1) Social media (instagram, facebook, youtube, twitter, tiktok) were the alternative media that most respondents chose to find initial information about Covid-19; 2) The majority of respondents access news about Covid-19 in one day (units of hour) with an average duration of < 1 hour; 3) The majority of respondents experienced changes in behavior due to mass media coverage related to Covid-19 in the form of adopting a healthy and hygienic lifestyle; 4) The majority of respondents stated that "based on the news they can imagine reality, but do not know/cannot confirm the actual conditions" related to the news of Covid-19 in the mass media; 5) The majority of respondents are looking for the most needed information related to Covid-19, which is about Covid-19 prevention information. It is recommended for the government to continue to strengthen information about covid-19 by utilizing social media, especially regarding the prevention of Covid-19 and straightening out the hoaxes that are currently circulating.
Hubungan antara diabetes mellitus dan tuberkulosis dalam menyebabkan penyakit manusia telah dikenal selama berabad-abad. Intoleransi glukosa telah dilaporkan pada pasien TB aktif pengendalian hiperglikemia lebih sulit selama fase aktif tuberkulosis dan banyak pasien memerlukan insulin untuk mengendalikan hiperglikemia. Diabetes diperkirakan menjadi penyebab 15% kasus tuberkulosis saat ini, terutama karena diabetes merusak pertahanan host. Dalam penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui berapa besar angka kejadian DM pada wilayah kerja Puskesas seberangUlu dengan mengambil 40 pasien positif TB.hasil penelitian didapatkan bahwa angka pasien TB yang mengalami DM adalah sebesar 12%. Disarankan kepada petugas Skrining rutin pasien TB untuk DM akan membantu mendeteksi kasus diabetes dan pra-diabetes lebih awal, sehingga metode pencegahan primer dapat dimulai lebih awal dan efektif. Pasien disarankan untuk mengontrol kadar gula pada pasien TB agar terapi pengobatan pasien dapat mencapai optimal.
Tropical countries are the largest contributor to the incidence of Dengue HemorrhagicFever (DHF), but research on risk factors is still independent in various countries, it cannot beconcluded holistically. Through the research design, a systematic review is able to summarize andanswer the causes of DHF in this tropical country. This research method is a systematic review withguidelines following the 2009 PRISMA Checklist. In the initial search, 1,680 articles were foundusing the keyword “risk factors for Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever”, reduced to 274 article titles afteradding the keyword “tropical country”. Furthermore, the relevant abstracts were fi ltered and found37 selected article items. Through critical appraisal of the full text of the article, it was found that 17articles met the selection criteria for further review in this study. The results showed that there were5 major groups of risk factors that were widely studied, namely sociodemography, climatology, placeof dwelling, environment, and behavior. The sociodemographic factor associated with the incidenceof DHF in tropical countries is age. In terms of climatology, temperature and rainfall are importantfactors in the vector breeding process. Rural areas (rural areas) are the place of dwelling with the mostcases of DHF found. The environmental aspect that has been widely studied is mosquito breeding. Themost signifi cant risk behavior factor in transmission was the behavior of hanging clothes. Of the 17articles, it was found that 77.8% of the articles examined environmental variables.
Scabies is a significant worldwide health problem in boarding school children with dangerous systemic complications and an increased risk of mortality because of low priority for treatment. The method uses systematic review. Data sources were collected from databases such as Pubmed and Google Scholar regarding the incidence of scabies in boarding schools indexed nationally and internationally in 2014 - 2019. The exhaustive literature obtained is 15 studies, totaling 2490 samples by determining the required variables. Data analysis was performed by looking at OR, RR, and PR. The significant risk factors for school scabies were age, gender, personal hygiene, room conditions (Room humidity, ventilation, lighting), contact history, occupancy density, risky habits (Sharing a bed, clean clothes, exchanging personal items). The highest risk factor for the incidence of scabies was occupancy density (OR = 24,200, 95% CI = 7,990 - 73,299). Second is the room conditions (OR = 15,000, 95% CI = 3,639 - 61,832); third is personal hygiene (OR = 13,714, 95% CI = 4,210 - 44,677). The intervention will effectively reduce risk factors that contribute to scabies, namely occupancy density, room conditions, and personal hygiene. The ratio of the number of students in a room, room conditions are highly recommended to meet health requirements. Then the improvement of personal hygiene behavior for every occupant of the school. This is to reduce the high rate of spread of scabies infection, especially in boarding-based schools.
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