This study was conducted to evaluate the meat characteristic of crossbred local chicken fed diet containing both dahlia tuber powder as inulin source and probiotic Lactobacillus sp. The experimental animals were 168 crossbred local chickens which were randomly divided into 6 groups of treatment (4 replications each) when they were 21-d old. A completely randomized design with 2 x 3 factorial pattern consisted of 2 levels of prebiotic [(0.8% (D1) and 1.2% (D2)] and 3 levels of probiotic [without probiotic (L0), 1.2 mL (L1), and 2.4 mL (L2)] was arranged in the present study. One mL probiotic (Lactobacillus sp.) was equal to 10 8 cfu. Results showed that the supplementation of prebiotic and probiotic significantly (P<0.05) affected breast meat color in terms of L* (lightness) and b* (yellowness). The meat fat mass and cholesterol was significantly (P<0.05) decreased by the combination of prebiotic and probiotic. The hardness of meat was not affected significantly by all treatments. The conclusion is that breast meat color could be improved, and both meat fat mass and cholesterol content could be decreased by feeding a combination of 1.2% dahlia tuber powder as inulin source and 1.2 mL probiotic Lactobacillus sp. Key words: prebiotic inulin, probiotic Lactobacillus sp., meat characteristic, crossbred local chicken ABSTRAKTujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengevaluasi karakteristik daging ayam lokal persilangan yang diberi ransum mengandung kombinasi prebiotik inulin dari umbi dahlia dan probiotik Lactobacillus sp. Penelitian menggunakan 168 ekor ayam lokal persilangan umur 21 hari yang secara acak ditempatkan pada 6 perlakuan dengan 4 ulangan. Rancangan acak lengkap pola faktorial 2 x 3 diterapkan pada penelitian ini. Penambahan prebiotik sebanyak 0,8% (D1) dan 1,2% (D2) sebagai faktor pertama, dan penambahan probiotik yaitu tanpa probiotik (L0), probiotik 1,2 mL (L1), dan 2,4 mL (L2) sebagai faktor kedua. Satu mililiter probiotik (Lactobacillus sp.) setara dengan 10 8 cfu. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penambahan prebiotik dan probiotik pada ransum nyata (P<0,05) mempengaruhi warna daging dada berdasarkan L* (tingkat kecerahan) dan b* (tingkat kekuningan). Massa lemak dan kolesterol nyata (P<0,05) menurun akibat penambahan prebiotik dan probiotik. Kekerasan daging tidak nyata dipengaruhi oleh perlakuan. Kesimpulannya adalah bahwa 1,2% prebiotik dan probiotik 1,2 mL (10 8 cfu/mL) adalah kombinasi yang paling optimum berdasarkan perbaikan warna daging dada dan penurunan massa lemak dan kolesterol daging.

ABSTRAKPenelitian bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi pengaruh pemberian tepung umbi dahlia yang dikombinasikan dengan Lactobacillus species (Lactobacillus sp.) terhadap aktifitas antioksidan, massa kalsium, dan massa protein pada daging ayam kampung persilangan. Ternak penelitian adalah ayam kampung persilangan umur satu hari unsex sebanyak 168 ekor diberi perlakuan mulai umur 3 minggu. Penelitian menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap pola faktorial 2x3 dengan 4 ulangan. Faktor pertama adalah pemberian dua level tepung umbi dahlia yaitu 0,8% (A1) dan 1,2% (A2), dan faktor kedua adalah pemberian tiga level Lactobacillus sp. yaitu tanpa penambahan (B0), 1,2 mL (10 8 cfu/mL) (B1) dan 2,4 mL (10 8 cfu/mL) (B2). Parameter yang diamati adalah aktifitas antioksidan, massa kalsium, dan massa protein daging. Data dianalisis ragam dan jika terdapat pengaruh nyata (P<0,05) dilanjutkan dengan Uji wilayah ganda Duncan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pemberian tepung umbi dahlia sebagai sumber inulin dikombinasikan dengan Lactobacillus sp. nyata (P<0,05) meningkatkan nilai aktifitas antioksidan dan massa protein daging, tetapi tidak terhadap massa kalsium daging. Pemberian tepung umbi dahlia 1,2% dan Lactobacillus sp. 1,2 mL (10 8 cfu/mL) merupakan kombinasi terbaik dilihat dari peningkatan aktifitas antioksidan dan massa protein daging.Kata Kunci: inulin umbi dahlia, Lactobacillus sp., daging ayam kampung persilangan ABSTRACTThe objective of the study was to determine the effects of feeding Lactobacillus species (Lactobacillus sp.) and inulin derived from dahlia tuber powder on antioxidant activity, calcium mass, and protein mass of crossbred kampong chicken meat. A total of 168 birds of 21 days old crossbred kampong chickens were randomly allocated into 6 treatments with four replications per treatment. The present experiment was assigned in a completely randomized design with 2 x 3 factorial scheme. The first factor was levels of dahlia tuber powder, namely 0.8% (A1) and 1.2% (A2), and the second factor was levels of Lactobacillus sp., namely none (B0), 1.2 mL (10 8 cfu/mL/B1) and 2.4 mL (10 8 cfu/mL/B2). The parameters measured were antioxidant activity, meat calcium and protein mass. Data were subjected to analysis of variance and followed by Duncan multiple range test (P<0.05) when the treatment indicated significant effect. The supplementation of dahlia tuber powder and Lactobacillus sp. significantly (P<0.05) increased antioxidant activity and protein mass of meat. However, calcium mass of meat was not significantly affected by treatments. In conclusion, feeding dahlia tuber powder at the level of 1.2% combined with Lactobacillus sp. at 1.2 mL (10 8 cfu/mL), can be categorized as the best combination based on the increase in antioxidant activity and meat protein mass.

The 12S rRNA gene is one of unique regions in mitochondrial genome usually used for phylogenetic studies and species identification. The objective of present study was to develop species specific primers from mitochondrial 12S rRNA gene for identification of dog and rat in beef by using multiplex PCR assay. Three primer pairs of mitochondrial 12S rRNA gene specific for bovine, dog and rat were designed and selected to evaluate their specificity and fidelity. Moreover, a total of twelve DNA samples extracted from meat tissue were also prepared to test those primers using simplex and multiplex PCR. The PCR products were then visualized using 2% of agarose gel under the UV light and three of them were sequenced. In addition, sequence data were analyzed using Clustal Omega software and BLAST. The result showed that simplex PCR assay successfully amplified DNA targets which are respectively indicated by 155 bp (bovine), 244 bp (dog), and 491 bp (rat) of DNA bands. Furthermore, DNA sample sequences were identically similar to reference sequence used in this study. Multiplex and simplex PCR analyses also indicated that these primer pairs specifically amplified DNA target for each species in the samples containing various species. The results suggested that designed primers in this study could be used to identify dog and rat in raw beef containing these species meat. Further experiment should be conducted using meat-processed products and commercial meat products as samples.

The objective of this study was to detect three non-halal meat products consisted of dog, pork, and rat species in meatball using novel multiplex-PCR with 12S rRNA gene as target sites. A total of 33 self-made meatballs were used, and they were grouped into eleven types of meatball based on meat species origin contained in the meatballs. Each type consisted of three meatballs. Extraction of genomic DNA from the meatballs was used as a DNA template for simplex-, duplex-, and multiplex-PCR processes. The result of simplex-PCR, duplex-PCR, and multiplex-PCR showed that the 12S rRNA primer gene successfully amplified DNA for each species bovine, dog, pig, and rat, which are respectively indicated by 155, 244, 357, and 491 bp of DNA bands. In addition, multiplex-PCR with 12S rRNA gene primers can be uniquely and accurately used for detection bovine, dog, pig, and rat species on beef meatball in one reaction.

Pemanfaatan antibiotik sebagai pemacu pertumbuhan ayam mulai dilarang karena adanya pengaruh merugikan bagi kesehatan manusia. Alternatif lain selain menggunakan antibiotik adalah menggunakan probiotik dan prebiotik. Penelitian tentang probiotik dan prebiotik telah dilakukan dalam beberapa tahun terakhir pada ternak ayam. Penggunaan kombinasi probiotik dan prebiotik yang diberikan secara bersama dapat meningkatkan proses penyerapan nutrien pada usus ayam, sehingga berdampak pada peningkatan performans, dan pada akhirnya meningkatkan kualitas daging. Eksplorasi sumber probiotik dan prebiotik masih perlu dilakukan terutama kombinasi dan kondisi yang optimal berdasarkan berbagai faktor seperti jenis ayam, jenis probiotik, dan jenis prebiotik.