This study was conducted to evaluate the meat characteristic of crossbred local chicken fed diet containing both dahlia tuber powder as inulin source and probiotic Lactobacillus sp. The experimental animals were 168 crossbred local chickens which were randomly divided into 6 groups of treatment (4 replications each) when they were 21-d old. A completely randomized design with 2 x 3 factorial pattern consisted of 2 levels of prebiotic [(0.8% (D1) and 1.2% (D2)] and 3 levels of probiotic [without probiotic (L0), 1.2 mL (L1), and 2.4 mL (L2)] was arranged in the present study. One mL probiotic (Lactobacillus sp.) was equal to 10 8 cfu. Results showed that the supplementation of prebiotic and probiotic significantly (P<0.05) affected breast meat color in terms of L* (lightness) and b* (yellowness). The meat fat mass and cholesterol was significantly (P<0.05) decreased by the combination of prebiotic and probiotic. The hardness of meat was not affected significantly by all treatments. The conclusion is that breast meat color could be improved, and both meat fat mass and cholesterol content could be decreased by feeding a combination of 1.2% dahlia tuber powder as inulin source and 1.2 mL probiotic Lactobacillus sp. Key words: prebiotic inulin, probiotic Lactobacillus sp., meat characteristic, crossbred local chicken ABSTRAKTujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengevaluasi karakteristik daging ayam lokal persilangan yang diberi ransum mengandung kombinasi prebiotik inulin dari umbi dahlia dan probiotik Lactobacillus sp. Penelitian menggunakan 168 ekor ayam lokal persilangan umur 21 hari yang secara acak ditempatkan pada 6 perlakuan dengan 4 ulangan. Rancangan acak lengkap pola faktorial 2 x 3 diterapkan pada penelitian ini. Penambahan prebiotik sebanyak 0,8% (D1) dan 1,2% (D2) sebagai faktor pertama, dan penambahan probiotik yaitu tanpa probiotik (L0), probiotik 1,2 mL (L1), dan 2,4 mL (L2) sebagai faktor kedua. Satu mililiter probiotik (Lactobacillus sp.) setara dengan 10 8 cfu. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penambahan prebiotik dan probiotik pada ransum nyata (P<0,05) mempengaruhi warna daging dada berdasarkan L* (tingkat kecerahan) dan b* (tingkat kekuningan). Massa lemak dan kolesterol nyata (P<0,05) menurun akibat penambahan prebiotik dan probiotik. Kekerasan daging tidak nyata dipengaruhi oleh perlakuan. Kesimpulannya adalah bahwa 1,2% prebiotik dan probiotik 1,2 mL (10 8 cfu/mL) adalah kombinasi yang paling optimum berdasarkan perbaikan warna daging dada dan penurunan massa lemak dan kolesterol daging.

ABSTRAKPenelitian bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi pengaruh pemberian tepung umbi dahlia yang dikombinasikan dengan Lactobacillus species (Lactobacillus sp.) terhadap aktifitas antioksidan, massa kalsium, dan massa protein pada daging ayam kampung persilangan. Ternak penelitian adalah ayam kampung persilangan umur satu hari unsex sebanyak 168 ekor diberi perlakuan mulai umur 3 minggu. Penelitian menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap pola faktorial 2x3 dengan 4 ulangan. Faktor pertama adalah pemberian dua level tepung umbi dahlia yaitu 0,8% (A1) dan 1,2% (A2), dan faktor kedua adalah pemberian tiga level Lactobacillus sp. yaitu tanpa penambahan (B0), 1,2 mL (10 8 cfu/mL) (B1) dan 2,4 mL (10 8 cfu/mL) (B2). Parameter yang diamati adalah aktifitas antioksidan, massa kalsium, dan massa protein daging. Data dianalisis ragam dan jika terdapat pengaruh nyata (P<0,05) dilanjutkan dengan Uji wilayah ganda Duncan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pemberian tepung umbi dahlia sebagai sumber inulin dikombinasikan dengan Lactobacillus sp. nyata (P<0,05) meningkatkan nilai aktifitas antioksidan dan massa protein daging, tetapi tidak terhadap massa kalsium daging. Pemberian tepung umbi dahlia 1,2% dan Lactobacillus sp. 1,2 mL (10 8 cfu/mL) merupakan kombinasi terbaik dilihat dari peningkatan aktifitas antioksidan dan massa protein daging.Kata Kunci: inulin umbi dahlia, Lactobacillus sp., daging ayam kampung persilangan ABSTRACTThe objective of the study was to determine the effects of feeding Lactobacillus species (Lactobacillus sp.) and inulin derived from dahlia tuber powder on antioxidant activity, calcium mass, and protein mass of crossbred kampong chicken meat. A total of 168 birds of 21 days old crossbred kampong chickens were randomly allocated into 6 treatments with four replications per treatment. The present experiment was assigned in a completely randomized design with 2 x 3 factorial scheme. The first factor was levels of dahlia tuber powder, namely 0.8% (A1) and 1.2% (A2), and the second factor was levels of Lactobacillus sp., namely none (B0), 1.2 mL (10 8 cfu/mL/B1) and 2.4 mL (10 8 cfu/mL/B2). The parameters measured were antioxidant activity, meat calcium and protein mass. Data were subjected to analysis of variance and followed by Duncan multiple range test (P<0.05) when the treatment indicated significant effect. The supplementation of dahlia tuber powder and Lactobacillus sp. significantly (P<0.05) increased antioxidant activity and protein mass of meat. However, calcium mass of meat was not significantly affected by treatments. In conclusion, feeding dahlia tuber powder at the level of 1.2% combined with Lactobacillus sp. at 1.2 mL (10 8 cfu/mL), can be categorized as the best combination based on the increase in antioxidant activity and meat protein mass.

The research was aimed to examine the role of inulin as a prebiotic derived from dahlia flower tuber in the form of powder and extract as a prebiotic on body immunity of crossbred local chicken. The research was assigned in a completely randomized design with 7 treatments and 4 replications (10 birds each). The treatments applied were T0:

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji efek pemberian inulin dari umbi Dahlia variabilis, baik dalam bentuk tepung maupun ekstrak, terhadap keberadaan mikroba usus halus pada ayam kampung persilangan periode starter. Materi penelitian adalah 280 ekor ayam kampung persilangan unsex, dan tepung maupun ekstrak umbi dahlia sebagai sumber inulin yang mulai diberikan pada umur 22 hari. Penelitian menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap dengan 7 perlakuan dan 4 ulangan (masing-masing 10 ekor ayam). Perlakuan terdiri dari : T0 (ransum basal/RB), T1 (RB+0,4% tepung umbi dahlia), T2 (RB +0,8% tepung umbi dahlia), T3 (RB+1,2% tepung umbi dahlia), T4 (RB+0,39% ekstrak umbi dahlia), T5 (RB+0,78% ekstrak umbi dahlia), dan T6 (RB+1,17% ekstrak umbi dahlia). Parameter yang diamati adalah bakteri asam laktat (BAL), Escherichia coli, pH digesta usus halus (duodenum, jejunum dan ileum), laju digesta, dan pertambahan bobot badan harian (PBBH). Data dianalisis ragam dan dilanjutkan dengan uji wilayah ganda Duncan, serta polinomial ortogonal. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pemberian inulin dalam bentuk tepung maupun ekstrak umbi dahlia nyata (P<0,05) meningkatkan populasi BAL dan PBBH, tetapi menurunkan jumlah Escherichia coli, pH, dan memperlambat laju digesta. Simpulan penelitian adalah pemberian inulin dari umbi dahlia dalam bentuk tepung optimum pada taraf 0,9% dan dalam bentuk ekstrak masih linier sampai taraf 1,17%. Kata kunci : ayam kampung persilangan, inulin umbi dahlia, mikroba usus halus, pertambahan bobot badan harian ABSTRACT The purpose of the research was to study the effects of feeding inulin derived from Dahlia variabilis tuber powder and extract on the existence of intestinal microbes in crossbred native chicken starter. Experimental animals were 280 unsex crossbred native chickens and powder and extract of dahlia tuber as source of inulin, which were started to be fed on day 22. The present experiment was assigned in a completely randomized design with 7 treatments and 4 replications (10 birds each). The treatments were: T0 (basal diet/BD), T1 (BD+0.4% powder form), T2 (BD+0.8% powder form), T3 (BD+1.2% powder form), T4 (BD+0.39% extract form), T5 (BD+0.78% extract form), and T6 (BD+1.17% extract form). Parameters measured were the number of Lactic acid bacteria (LAB), Escherichia coli, intestinal potential hydrogen (pH) (duodenal, jejunal and ileal), rate of passage and daily body weight gain (DBWG). Data were subjected to ANOVA and followed by Duncan and polynomial orthogonal test. The results indicated that feeding inulin derived from dahlia tuber powder and extract form significantly (P<0.05) increased LAB population and DBWG, but decreased Escherichia coli number and intestinal pH, and slow the rate of passage. In conclusion, feeding inulin of dahlia tuber powder was optimum at 0.9% but that of extract is linier until 1.17%. Keywords : crossbred native chicken, inulin of dahlia tuber, intestinal microbes, daily gain Inulin Derived from Dahlia variabilis Tuber on Intestinal Microbes (L. Krismiyanto et al.

ABSTRAKSumber protein yang umum untuk unggas, tepung ikan dan bungkil kedelai, digiling untuk memperkecil ukuran partikel. Bahan yang sudah digiling selanjutnya dilarutkan dengan air suling (1 : 4 b/v) dengan ditambah 2 mL virgin coconut oil untuk setiap 500 mL larutan sebelum diproses dengan ultrasound transducer (ultrasonic bath) untuk memperoleh protein partikel mikro. Penurunan ukuran partikel protein merupakan satu cara yang dapat meningkatkan penggunaan protein pada unggas. Sebanyak 180 ekor broiler digunakan untuk uji force feeding dan dan 10 ekor lainnya untuk koreksi endogenus pada saat ayam berumur 1,5 bulan (45 hari). Protein mikropartikel tepung ikan dan bungkil kedelai dalam bentuk mash dan pellet diuji secara terpisah dan dibandingkan dengan protein asli masing-masing. Rancangan acak lengkap dengan 3 perlakuan (bentuk asli, mash, pellet) dan 6 ulangan (@10 ekor) digunakan untuk masing-masing partikel bahan. Kecernaan protein dan asam amino esensial, dan retensi kalsium (Ca) merupakan parameter yang diamati. Analisis variansi dan uji Duncan digunakan untuk analisis data. Pellet protein mikropartikel tepung ikan dan bungkil kedelai masingmasing menghasilkan kecernaan protein dan asam amino, dan retensi Ca nyata (P<0,05) paling tinggi, meskipun ditemukan sedikit asam amino dengan kecernaan lebih rendah pada kedua bahan bentuk mash. Kesimpulan bahwa bentuk pellet protein mikropartikel tepung ikan dan bungkil kedelai meningkatkan kecernaan protein dan asam amino, dan retensi Ca pada broiler. Kata kunci: broiler, bungkil kedelai, kecernaan asam amino, protein mikropartikel, tepung ikan ABSTRACTCommom protein sources for poultry, fish meal and soybean meal, were ground to obtain reduced particle size. The particle was then dissolved in distilled water (1 : 4 w/v), and added with 2 mL virgin coconut oil for every 500 mL solution prior to ultrasound transducer (ultrasonic bath) treatment to obtain protein microparticle. Reducing particle size is one possible way to increase protein utilization. 180 birds were used for forced feeding and 10 other birds were plotted for endogenous correction, when they were one month and a half old. Microparticle protein of both ingredients were tested separately in either mash or pelleted forms and compared to intact protein. Completely randomized design with 3 treatments (intact, mash, and pellet) and 6 replications (10 bidrs each) was arranged for the respective ingredient. Protein and essential amino acid digestibilities, and calcium retention were the parameters measured. Analysis of variance continued to Duncan test were applied to statistically evaluate the data. Pelleted microparticle protein of fish meal and soybean meal, respectively, resulted in significantly (P<0.05) Amino Acid Digestibility of Pelleted Fish Meal and Soybean Meal in Broilers (N. Suthama et al.) 169 highest protein and amino acids digestibilities, and Ca retention although lower disgestibility of fewer amino acids was found in mash form. In conclusion, pelleted form of microparticle protein of e...

The research was aimed to evaluate the inclusion effect of dahlia tubers inulin (DTI) combined with Lactobacillus sp. in dietary protein step down on villi development and growth of KUB chicken. The experiment was arranged in a completely randomized design using 160 birds of one-day-old KUB chicks (body weight was 26.32±1.19 g) divided into 5 treatments with 4 replications. The treatment applied were: (1) P180S: ration with 18% protein with the addition of 1.2% DTI and 1.2 mL (10 8 cfu/mL) Lactobacillus sp. provided since one-day-old, (2) P15: ration with 15% protein without DTI and Lactobacillus addition and was given from 8-day old, (3) P18: ration with 18% protein without DTI and Lactobacillus addition and was given from 8-day old, (4) P15S: ration with 15% protein with the addition of 1.2% DTI and 1.2 mL Lactobacillus sp. offered from 8-day old, and (5) P18S: ration with 18% protein with the addition of 1.2% DTI and 1.2 mL Lactobacillus sp. offered from 8-day old. The experimental birds allocated in the treatments 2 to 5 were fed ration with 21% protein from hatching until 7-day old. Variables observed were the jejunal pH, total Coliform and lactic acid bacteria (LAB), villi height, protein digestibility, final body weight, and carcass percentage. Data were subjected to analysis of variance (ANOVA), and followed by orthogonal contrast test. Orthogonal contrast test showed that feeding 18% dietary protein fortified with a combination of 1.2% inulin dahlia tuber and 1.2 mL Lactobacillus sp. given since one-day-old significantly (P<0.05) affected the height of jejunal villi, protein digestibility, carcass percentage, final body weight, jejunal pH, and Coliform number. In conclusion, feeding 18% dietary protein fortified with a combination of 1.2% of inulin dahlia tuber and 1.2 mL of Lactobacillus sp. since one-day-old increases the height of the jejunum villi and growth of KUB chicken.

The purpose of the study was to examine the supplementation effects of glucomannan extracted from a porang tuber (GEPT) on body resistance and growth performance of broiler chickens. A total number of 160 one-day-old broiler chickens with the average body weight of 42.39±0.58 g was kept for 35 days. The study was arranged in a completely randomized design with 5 treatments and 4 replications (8 birds each). The dietary treatments were T0= basal ration, T1= basal ration with the addition of 0.05% GEPT, T2= basal ration with the addition of 0.1% GEPT, T3= basal ration with the addition of 0.15% GEPT, and T4= basal ration with the addition of 0.2% GEPT. Parameters measured were the population of lactic acid bacteria (LAB), Coliform count, relative weight of lymphoid organs (bursa fabricius and spleen), heterophils-lymphocytes (H/L) ratio, body weight gain, feed consumption, feed conversion ratio, and mortality. Data were subjected to analysis of variance (ANOVA) and continued with Duncan Multiple Range Test (DMRT) at 5% probability. The results showed that supplementation of the diets with GEPT significantly increased (P<0.05) LAB population, decreased (P<0.05) Coliform count in the jejunum and ileum, and H/L ratio, but did not affect the relative weight of lymphoid organs, and growth performance. In conclusion, diet added with 0.1% GEPT improved the balance of intestinal microflora and increased body resistance, without any negative effects on the lymphoid organs and growth performance of broiler chickens.

The research was aimed to evaluate used dahlia tubersextract as inulinsource onnitrogen retention and feed conversion of crossbred local chicken (male native chicken × female laying hen). Three weeks old 160 unsex birds with average body weight 180.46±1.21g were kept until 8 weeks. The experimentwas designed ascompletely randomized design with 4 treatments and 4 replications (@10 birds). Treatments applied were T0: basal ration, T1: ration + 0.39% extract, T2: ration + 0.78% extract, T3: ration + 1.17% extract. Parameters observed werenitrogen retention, energy metabolism and feed conversion. The data were statistically analyzed according to ANOVA and continued by Duncan test at the level of 5%. The results showed that feeding dahlia tuberextract significantly affect (P&lt;0.05) nitrogen retentionwith value T0-T3 (1.3g, 1.47g, 1.43g, 1.7g)and feed conversion (4.15, 3.58, 3.75, 3.47), but not significant of energy metabolism. In conclusion, the higher levels of feeding inulin in the form of extract in T3 (1.17%), increase nitrogen retention and improve feed conversionof crossbred local chicken.