exogenous surfactant appeared to be a useful adjunctive therapy for overcoming surfactant inhibition and normalising the respiratory status of infants with haemorraghic pulmonary oedema. Surfactant treatment for this indication awaits further investigations including a randomised controlled study.

Background: The clinical characteristics of Chlamydia trachomatis respiratory tract infections in Japanese neonates were investigated.

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Evaluation of eosinophil activation and early therapeutic intervention is mandatory for the treatment of severe AD during infancy.

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Moreover, haemagglutinin agglutination inhibiting antibody titres were closely correlated with the anti-neuraminidase and neutralising antibody titres (Table 2).Despite current recommendations [1, 2], many chronically ill or at-risk children do not receive annual in¯uenza immunisation, [3].From this small study we conclude that in immunogenically naive healthy infants, in¯uenza vaccines (although containing less than the currently recommended amount of viral antigens) gave a good response, with a serological protection estimation of 57%± 68% after two doses. Although the response of healthy infants may not be generalised to at-risk or sick children, who might be the only real candidates for in¯uenza vaccination, knowledge of this experience will hopefully encourage paediatricians not to neglect vaccination.

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