-The intake, digestibility, nitrogen balance and energetic balance were evaluated in sheep diets consisting of hay from Tifton 85 grass at two ages of regrowth (28 and 42 days) and hay from leucaena at 40 days of regrowth, in the proportions of 20 and 40%. Twenty Santa Inês sheep, kept in metabolic cages, were used in a randomised block design according to body weight. The hay from the Tifton 85 grass, processed at 28 days of regrowth, resulted in a higher CP intake than when processed at 42 days of regrowth. There was higher protein intake for the 40% proportion of leucaena hay in relation to that of 20%, regardless of the regrowth age of the grass. Diets containing Tifton 85 grass processed at 28 days resulted in greater values for both DE and ME. There was greater intake, absorption and urinary excretion of N, and a lower N faecal to N urinary ratio, with diets containing Tifton 85 grass processed at 28 days, as well as with those diets containing 40% leucaena hay. When formulating sheep diets containing hay from Tifton 85 grass processed at 28 days of regrowth and combined with 20% hay from leucaena, the grass, despite showing good energetic value, is not enough to provide full use of the nitrogen available to the ruminant, making it necessary need to find combinations with concentrated food sources which are able to optimise the use of nitrogen, reduce environmental impact and maximise sheep production. RESUMO -Avaliou-se o consumo, a digestibilidade e o balanço de nitrogênio e energético de dietas para ovinos constituídas por feno de capim-Tifton 85 em duas idades de rebrota (28 e 42 dias) e feno de leucena aos 40 dias de rebrota, nas proporções 20 e 40%. Foram utilizados 20 ovinos da raça Santa Inês, em gaiolas de metabolismo, em delineamento de blocos ao acaso, quanto ao peso vivo. O feno de capim-Tifton 85 processado aos 28 dias de rebrota resultou em maior consumo de PB que aos 42 dias de rebrota. Houve maior consumo de proteína quando da proporção 40% de feno de leucena em relação a 20%, independente da idade de rebrota da gramínea. As dietas contendo feno de capim-Tifton 85 processado aos 28 dias resultaram em maior valor para ED e EM. Houve maior ingestão, absorção e excreção urinária de N e menor relação N fecal /N urinário para as dietas contendo feno de capim-Tifton 85 processado aos 28 dias, assim como para as dietas contendo 40% de feno de leucena. Quando da formulação de dietas para ovinos contendo feno de capim-Tifton 85 processado aos 28 dias de rebrotação associado a 20% feno de leucena, embora a gramínea apresente bom valor energético, este não é suficiente para propiciar o aproveitamento do nitrogênio disponível ao ruminante, do que resulta necessidade de se buscar associação com fontes de alimentos concentrados capazes de otimizar o aproveitamento do nitrogênio, reduzir o impacto ambiental e potencializar a produção de ovinos.Palavras-chave: Balanço de nutrientes. Consumo voluntário. Cynodon spp. Digestibilidade. Leucaena leucocephala.
RESUMO Avaliou-se o efeito de tratamentos alcalinos por amonização com ureia a 2, 4 e 6% e por NaOH ou Ca(OH)2
A formulation of tomato sauce-based tomato extract was processed in order to determine the shelf life of products stored at different temperatures. Were processed three pots of the same formulation of the sauce by cooking, the following steps: raw materials, washing of packaging, weighing ingredients, formulation, mixing, heating (up to 85 ° C in the geometric point), filling (hot fill) lock, the cover sterilization, labeling, storage (half of the processing environment at T ° C 26-32 ° C and the other half refrigerated 6-8 ° C) and distribution.Throughout the processing and / or after obtaining the final product, three types of evaluations were performed: physical-chemical determinations (pH, acidity, vitamin C, total soluble solids), microbiological and sensory tests. According to the results, the tomato mixture showed good stability with respect to microbiological, physicochemical sensorial features, can be stored and sold at room temperature, with a shelf life of up to 28 days.
Efeito do tamanho de partícula sobre a degradação ruminal do feno do restolho da cultura do girassol* Effect of the particle size on ruminal degradation of sunflower crop stubble hay
ResumoA avicultura brasileira tem apresentado altos índices de crescimento. Seu bem principal, o frango, conquistou os mais exigentes mercados. O Brasil buscou modernização e empregou instrumentos como o manejo adequado do aviário, sanidade, alimentação balanceada, melhoramento genético e produção integrada. Em períodos quentes, há uma redução no consumo de ração que traz prejuízos evidentes ao desempenho das aves e estratégias nutricionais podem ser utilizadas como ferramentas, além de modificações necessárias em ambiência, como a diminuição do incremento calórico proporcionado por alguns alimentos, que podem auxiliar na manutenção de um estado corporal SILVA, M.C.M. et al. Densidades nutricionais para frangos de corte estressados por calor cíclico. PUBVET,
Research has shown that supplementing diets with fibrolytic has significant potential to improve feed utilization and animal performance. Fibrolytic enzymes for ruminants, mainly xylanases and cellulases, are concentrated extracts resulting from bacterial or fungal fermentation with specific enzyme activities. Improvements in animal performance due to the use of enzyme additives can be attributed mainly to improved fiber digestion, resulting in increased caloric intake of digestible. When viewed through a variety of enzyme products and experimental conditions, the response to fibrolytic enzyme for ruminants has been variable. This variation can be attributed to the experimental conditions, as well as the activities and characteristics of enzymes or the supplementation of enzyme activities and the appropriate method of providing the enzyme product for the animal. Though much progress in the advancement of technologies fibrolytic enzymes for ruminants, considerable research is still needed to reduce the variability of responses. With increasing consumer concern about the use of growth promoters and antibiotics in animal production. This paper reviews research on the selection of fibrolytic enzymes, the responses of animals with the use of fibrolytic enzymes and the mechanisms by which these products improve nutrient utilization.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
hi@scite.ai
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.