Objetivou-se com esta pesquisa, avaliar o valor nutritivo, quanto à composição química e a degradabilidade in situ do capim colonião em três idades pós rebrote. Para avaliação da degradação ruminal, pesou-se 4 g de amostra em sacos de náilon incubados no rúmen de dois bovinos adultos, fistulado, nos tempos 6, 24 e 72 h. Houve aumento nos teores de Matéria Seca (MS) e Fibra em Detergente Ácido (FDA) (P < 0,05) quando das maiores alturas de corte com redução na Proteína Bruta (PB). Houve redução na degradação potencial (DP) da MS, FDN e PB com o avançar da idade da forrageira, com elevação do tempo de colonização (lag) (0,69 h) e redução da taxa de passagem do FDN (1,14%/h). O aumento da idade pós rebrote do capim Colonião eleva os teores de fibra em detergente ácido e reduz os teres de proteína bruta, minimizando a degradação da MS, PB e FDN, que decrescem com o avançar da idade da forrageira. O manejo do capim Colonião aos 22 dias é o mais indicado para se obter forragem com maior teor de nutrientes e degradação ruminal, porém, deve-se atentar para a possível redução na massa de forragem em áreas manejadas com plantas nessa idade, ajustando a capacidade de suporte animal e evitando o superpastejo.
RESUMO Avaliou-se o efeito de tratamentos alcalinos por amonização com ureia a 2, 4 e 6% e por NaOH ou Ca(OH)2
Efeito do tamanho de partícula sobre a degradação ruminal do feno do restolho da cultura do girassol* Effect of the particle size on ruminal degradation of sunflower crop stubble hay
SUMMARY This experiment evaluated the correlation between the estimates of fecal digestibility and dry matter digestibility (DMD) and nutrients obtained using internal (indigestibles dry materiDM, neutral detergent fiber-iNDF, acid detergent fiber-iADF and acid detergent ligniniADL) and external (chromium oxide-Cr2O3, titanium dioxide-TiO2, and purified and enriched lignin from eucalyptus-LIPE®) markers and the values obtained by the total feces collection method. Twenty uncastrated male sheep, with 29.64±5.53 kg average live weight; approximately 12 months old, were kept in metabolic cages and fed diets containing untreated sugarcane-top hay or sugarcane-top hay hydrolyzed with 3 and 6% urea or 1.5 and 3% calcium oxide (CaO). There was a positive correlation (P<.05) between the fecal production estimated by the markers and via total feces collection, with coefficients higher than 90% for iDM, Cr2O3, and TiO2. The DMD and nutrients estimated with the use of markers was positively correlated (P<.05) with that obtained by total feces collection. Coefficients of correlation for digestibility obtained by total collection were higher than those obtained with Cr2O3, but close to those obtained using TiO2. The coefficient of correlation between the digestibility of protein and fiber fraction estimated with iDM and iNDF and that obtained by total collection was higher than 70%. Internal marker iDM and external markers Cr2O3 and TiO2 are effective in estimating fecal production and DMD and nutrients.
RESUMO.A Leishmaniose Visceral Canina (LVC) é uma zoonose de grande relevância no Brasil acarretando na maioria das vezes uma doença renal que pode ser a única manifestação em cães com LVC, podendo progredir até o estágio de falência renal. Foram utilizados 12 cães, sem raça definida (SRD), machos divididos em 2 grupos. Com o primeiro formado por cães com sorologia e parasitologia negativas para LVC e o segundo, positivos. Foram coletadas amostras de sangue dos animais selecionados para análise bioquímica de ureia, creatinina, proteína total e globulina, além de amostras de urina para realização da urinálise. Hiperproteinemia com hiperglobulinemia, bem como a presença marcante de albumina na urina foram achados relevantes nos cães positivos. Foi verificado significativo nos valores de ureia e creatinina, como também, na concentração de proteína da urina dos animais positivos. As alterações bioquímicas observadas mostraram concordância com os resultados encontrados na literatura, demonstrando que em pacientes positivos para LVC a disfunção renal é de grande importância para auxiliar no estadiamento clínico. Palavras chave: azotemia, disfunção renal, leishmaniose Renal laboratory abnormalities in dogs with visceral leishmaniasis naturally infectedABSTRACT. The Canine Visceral Leishmaniasis (CVL) is a zoonosis of great relevance in Brazil resulting in most of the times a kidney disease that can be the only manifestation in dogs with CVL and can progress to the stage of renal failure. 12 dogs were used, mongrel dogs, males divided into 2 groups. The first formed by negative dogs with serology and parasitology for CVL and the second positive. Animal blood samples were collected for biochemical analysis selected from urea, creatinine, total protein and globulin, and urine samples for urinalysis of. Hyperproteinaemia to hyperglobulinemia, as well as increased presence of albumin in urine were found in the relevant positive dogs. It was observed in the mean values of urea and creatinine, as well as, the protein concentration in urine of positive animals. The biochemical changes observed showed agreement with the results found in the literature, demonstrating that in patients positive for CVL renal dysfunction is of great importance to aid in the clinical staging.
The objective of this study was to evaluate in situ ruminal degradability of elephant grass silages with addition of 8, 16 and 24% of faveira pods in experimental silos of 100x50 mm, equipped with bunsen valves. The content of crude protein (cp) and neutral detergent fiber (ndf) were determined on a dry matter basis. To evaluate the in situ degradability of dm, cp and ndf, nylon bags containing 4 g sample were incubated in the rumen of three fistulated cattle for 6, 24 and 72h. The dm and cp content of elephant grass silages increased (p < 0.05) from 8% inclusion associated with a higher concentration of constituents in faveira pods (77.25 and 9.61% dm). The ndf fraction reduced 10.91% (p < 0.05) when adding 24% pods. The potential degradation (pd) of dm and cp increased with inclusion of faveira pods, with 75.97 and 95.21%, respectively, for the level of 24%. There was increased potentially degradable fraction (bp) of ndf by 7.07% with inclusion of 24% faveira pods, as well as a reduced colonization time (lag) from 3.81 to 3.44 hours. The addition of up to 24% faveira pods to elephant grass silages improves rumen microbial degradation, and it is indicated this level of addition to obtain better quality silage.
RESUMO -Objetivou-se com essa revisão discutir a relação entre a gordura protegida no rúmen e o perfil de ácidos graxos do leite de cabra. O leite de cabra é um alimento que merece destaque por fornecer nutrientes essenciais para o bom funcionamento do organismo, no entanto, o uso do mesmo na alimentação humana apresenta restrições quanto à presença de ácidos graxos associados a problemas de saúde vinculados a distúrbios alimentares. Os ácidos graxos insaturados e poliinsaturados apresentam efeitos positivos sobre a ocorrência de enfermidades, enquanto os ácidos graxos saturados têm sido descrito como fator desencadeante de doenças em seres humanos. O uso de gordura protegida na alimentação de ruminantes pode melhorar o perfil de ácidos graxos do leite de cabra, pois possibilita um maior aporte de ácidos graxos para o intestino e glândula mamária. Palavras-chaves: biohidrogenação, composição, lipídeosABSTRACT -The objective of this review to discuss the relationship between fat protected in the rumen and the profile of fatty acids of goat milk. Goat's milk is a food that should be highlighted to provide nutrients essential for good functioning of the body, however, the use of it in food presents restrictions for the presence of fatty acids associated with health problems related to eating disorders. Unsaturated and polyunsaturated fatty acids have positive effects on the occurrence of diseases, while saturated fatty acids have been described as triggering factor for disease in humans. The use of protected fat in ruminant feed improve the profile of fatty acids of goat milk, as it allows a suplly greater of fatty acids into the intestine and mammary gland.
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