One effort to obtain the superior rice genotypes, namely by selecting several local genotypes of Gogo Rice. This research aims to determine the diversity of components of production and production of some local south East Sulawesi Rice genotypes, the collection Faculty of Agriculture UHO. The planting material used is 8 (eight) local and southeast Sulawesi Rice genotypes. The study used the group’s randomized design, comprising 8 (eight) treatments (genotypes) and three repeats. To eight local Gogo Rice genotypes tested are: 1) yellow Loiyo genotypes, 2) White Loiyo genotypes, 3) Waburi-Buri genotypes, 4) Black genotypes, 5) Ngalaru genotypes, 6) of the Ungurunu genotypes, 7) Pae Momea genotypes, and 8) genotypes of Tinangge. The results showed the diversity of harvest age, the number of productive tillers, the amount of content grain, the total amount of grain, harvest index, the weight of 1000 grains, and the production of dried grain harvest from Gogo Rice genotypes in the test. From the eight locally southeast Sulawesi Rice genotypes tested. Two genotypes have high production potentials (on average of Gogo rice production), Ngalaru genotypes, and Tinangge genotypes, with the output of each 4.08 and 3.28 tons ha-1.

The limited availability of fertile land and the existence of disease-causing pathogens are major obstacles to the development of maize plants. This study aimed to get at the effect of the composition of organic matters on the ability of Biofresh biological agents in inducing the resistance of three maize varieties to sheath blight disease. The study used a factorial Randomized Block Design. The first factor consisted of three levels, namely: V1 = Hybrid Variety BISI-2, V2 = Variety Pioneer-35, and V3 = Variety Pertiwi-3. The second factor consisted of three levels, namely: B0 = 100% inorganic fertilizer, B1 = Biofresh + bokashi + 50% inorganic fertilizer, B2 = Biofresh + Bokashi Plus + 50% inorganic fertilizer. The highest disease severity occurred in the independent treatments of V2 variety (38.19%), and B0 (49.25%), the highest AUDPC value occurred at treatment V2B0 (513.33% unit), the highest IPP was obtained at V3B2 treatment (52.78%), the highest increase in salicylic acid activity and peroxidase enzyme activity, from the vegetative phase to the generative phase, was found at V3B2 treatment, each at 1.34 and 1.21, respectively.

Sclerotium rolfsii is an important plant pathogen and causes disease in some cultivated plants especially in Southeast Sulawesi. S. rolfsii is mainly controlled by using synthetic fungicides which are hazardous to human, livestock and environment. In the present study, eleven species of Trichoderma, indigenous to Southeast Sulawesi, were tested for their in vitro efficacy against S. rolfsii to replace deleterious fungicides. The analysis of variance showed significant results of the indigenous Trichoderma spp. against S. rolfsii. in in vitro test. All the Trichoderma isolates inhibited the growth of the test fungus differently. After three days of inoculation, ST1 treatment showed the highest inhibitory ability by 55.56% but was not significantly different from the inhibitory abilities of ST2, ST3, ST5, ST6, ST7, ST9, ST10, and ST11 treatments. The treatment ST4 and ST8 gave inhibitory abilities by 25.22% and 26.11% respectively. Furthermore, the data after 4, 5, 6 and 7 days after inoculation were also significant. The ST1 (DKT isolate) treatment gave the maximum inhibition of the test fungus after all the time intervals of seven days. On the other hand, ST8 (LKP isolate) treatment gave the lowest inhibitory ability. DKT isolate of indigenous Trichoderma had the highest inhibitory ability reaching to 55.56% on third days of observation while LKP isolate had the lowest inhibitory ability of 16.67% and then decreased subsequently. the antagonistic mechanisms of Trichoderma isolates were space and nutrition competition, antibiosis, and mycoparasitism. These results showed that Trichoderma indigenous to Southeast Sulawesi had better in vitro inhibitory ability to control S. rolfsii by the above-mentioned mechanisms.

Rice is the major food commodity in Indonesia and many other countries, as the main source of carbohydrate. Rice production must be increased continuously to meet food needs, one of which is by utilizing largely available dry land areas. Two important factors required to increase rice production on marginal soils are the use of high-production adaptive varieties and biological agents. It is necessary to conduct research on the application of local microbes to the cultivation of upland rice cultivars, with the aim to determine the best genotypes and/or suitable microbes. This research was carried out at the Research Field and laboratories of Faculty of Agriculture, University of Halu Oleo, from April 2020 to April 2021. The first tested factor was biological agents (local microbes), consisting of three levels, namely: without microbes (M0), the fungus Trichoderma sp. (M1), and the bacteria Pseudomonas sp. (M2). The second factor was the upland rice cultivar, which consisted of five levels, namely: V1 (Tinangge cultivar), V2 (Enggalaru cultivar), V3 (Bakala cultivar), V4 (Momea cultivar), and 1 nasional variety, namely V5 (Inpago-12 variety), as check variety. The research results showed that the interaction between local microbes Trichoderma sp. (M1) and Pseudomonas sp. (M2) on Tinangge (V1) and Momea (V4) cultivars gave a better effect on crop production. The best cultivar based on the growth and yield variables was generally obtained from the Momea cultivar (V4), although in many variables it was not significantly different from the Tinangge cultivar (V1). These cultivars could be further studied and possibly developed for promising cultivars in Kendari areas.

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui efektivitas pupuk hayati Biofresh dan bahan organik Bokashi dalam meningkatkan ketahanan tanaman jagung terhadap penyakit karat daun Puccinia (Puccinia polysora). Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di Desa Konda I, Kecamatan Konda, Kabupaten Konawe Selatan. Metode Percobaan menggunakan Rancakan Acak Kelompok (RAK) Pola Faktorial yang terdiri dari 8 kombinasi perlakuan dan ulangan 3 kali sehingga terdapat 24 unit percobaan. Parameter yang diamati adalah Intensitas Penyakit (IP) karat daun Puccinia, LDBKPP, IPP, dan Analisis Aktivitas Enzim Peroksidase. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa aplikasi pupuk hayati Biofresh dan bahan organik Bokashi mampu meningkatkan ketahanan tanaman terhadap pengakit karat daun Puccinia pada tanaman jagung. Nilai LDBKPP terendah pada perlakuan A1B1 sebesar 220,37%.hari, IPP tertinggi pada perlakuan A1B1 sebesar 51,74% dan aktivitas enzim peroksidase tertinggi pada perlakuan A1B1 sebesar 0,13 unit.mg–1.

Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengkaji kemampuan dua isolat azotobacter yang di eksplorasi  dari rizosfer tanaman padi gogo (isolat MP3c) dan rumput liar (isolat RR8a) asal Sulawesi Tenggara dan pupuk organik padat terhadap pertumbuhan dan  produksi tanaman sawi putih ((Brassica rapa Subsp. pekinensis) yang dilaksanakan di Laboratorium Lapangan Fakultas Pertanian dan Laboratorium Unit Agronomi dan Proteksi Tanaman Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Halu Oleo, Kendari Sulawesi Tenggara. Rancangan penelitain yang digunakan adalah Rancangan Acak kelompok (RAK) pola faktorial. Faktor pertama Isolat azotobakter indigenous yaitu: (IO)=Kontrol/tanpa isolat azotobakter); (I1) = Isolat azotobakter  MP3c dan (I2) = Isolat azotobakter RR8a. Faktor kedua yaitu pupuk organik padat yang terdiri atas: (BO)=Kontrol/tanpa pupuk organik; (B1)= pupuk organik/pupuk kandang sapi dan (B2)= pupuk organik/pupuk kandang kambing. Parameter yang diamati adalah tinggi tanaman dan jumlah daun masing-masing pada umur 30 HST dan berat segar krop (saat panen). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan interaksi perlakuan isolat azotobacter indigenous dan pupuk organik/kandang kambing merupakan perlakuan terbaik terhadap berat segar krop sawi putih dengan nilai produksi rata-rata (62 g tanaman-1) setara dengan (6.888,89 ton ha-1).

Pseudomonas fluorescens 4RS1 merupakan bakteri endofit yang memiliki daya hambat kuat terhadap Phytophthora palmivora sehingga potensial dikembangkan sebagai agens hayati penyakit busuk buah pada kakao. Agar aplikasi agens hayati ini dapat dilakukan oleh petani maka diperlukan suatu formula yang mampu mempertahankan viabilitas dan daya hambatnya, serta memudahkan penggunaannya. Penelitian ini bertujuan menentukan kemampuan talk dan tepung tapioka sebagai bahan dasar formula yang dilengkapi bahan tambahan nutrisi supaya mampu mempertahankan viabilitas dan daya hambat P. fluorescens 4RS1. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penggunaan tepung tapioka sebagai bahan dasar formula P. fluorescens 4RS1 lebih baik dibandingkan dengan talk karena memiliki daya larut yang tinggi dan endapan yang rendah. Penambahan nutrisi berupa gula merah, pepton, dan CMC dalam formula tepung tapioka mampu mempertahankan viabilitas dan daya hambat P. fluorescens 4RS1 selama 12 minggu masa penyimpanan.

The problem sometimes encountered in partnership relations is the implementation of non-mutually beneficial partnerships between the core company and the plasma breeder. This occurs because the company has a stronger bargaining position than the breeder regarding capital, technology, markets, and management. So it is the company that determines the price at the breeder level, and the company also determines the price in the market. This has caused the company to control the price of broiler chickens in markets in Kendari City, thus enabling the development of a cartel to manage broiler chickens from upstream to downstream. In the long run, this research aims to improve the quality of the partnership relationship between companies and breeders in Kendari City. Especially the aims of this study are: 1) to describe the implementation of the partnership that the company is carrying out as the core with the breeder as the plasma, and 2) to analyze the income of the plasma breeder. This research was carried out in August–October 2022, and the research location was in Kendari City, Southeast Sulawesi Province. The sampling technique was a purposive method. The implementation of the partnership between the plasma breeder and the core company was analyzed using descriptive analysis. In contrast, the breeder's income level was analyzed using income analysis and R/C ratio analysis. The results showed that implementing the plasma breeder partnership and the core company was going well per the contract agreement. The income earned by the breeder in 1 production period is IDR 3,637,394, and the R/C ratio is 1,043, which means that the R/C ratio is greater than 1, so that partnership between the plasma breeder and the core company provides benefits for the breeder.