Background To study the peculiarities of changes in functional indicators and body composition parameters of mixed martial arts (MMA) athletes of strike fighting style and a number of biochemical blood indicators during two months of using different intensity training load regimes, and to determine the most informative criteria for assessing adaptive body changes in these training conditions. Methods We examined 40 MMA athletes (men) aged 20–22, who used mainly strike fighting style in their competitive activity, and divided them into 2 research groups (A and B), 20 athletes in each group. Group A athletes used medium intensity (Ra = 0.64), and group B—high intensity (Ra = 0.72) training load regime. To assess the adaptive body changes we applied methods of control testing of maximum muscle strength growth (1 RM), special training (the number of accurate kicks on the mannequin for 30 s), and bioimpedansometry. By monitoring biochemical parameters (testosterone, cortisol, creatinine, phosphorus, calcium, cholesterol, LDH) in the blood serum of athletes, we determined the peculiarities of adaptive-compensatory body reactions in response to training loads. Results The obtained results of special training increased during the study period by an average of 10.5% in group B athletes, but group A participants’ results had no significant changes compared to basal data. The largest increase in the development of maximum muscle strength growth by an average of 44.4% was recorded after 2 months of research in group B. Group B athletes also had positive changes in body fat and fat-free mass indicators during the study which were two times higher than the results of group A. The laboratory studies and correlation analysis showed informative biochemical markers (cortisol, testosterone and creatinine) for assessing the condition of athletes in both groups before using high and medium training load regimes. The biochemical markers for assessing the adaptive-compensatory reactions of athletes in response to high-intensity physical stimuli at the beginning of the study were indicators of LDH and cholesterol, and in conditions of medium intensity it was LDH, testosterone and cortisol. After 2 months of study the set of biochemical markers assessing the adaptation processes before the load completely changed only in group B athletes and consisted of LDH, phosphorus, cholesterol, and calcium. At the same time, the set of biochemical criteria for assessing adaptive-compensatory reactions after training in group B athletes was completely changed compared with the data recorded at the beginning of the study. Conclusion Defining the optimal set of criteria for assessing the adaptive-compensatory changes in MMA athletes of strike fighting style will allow in the shortest possible time to correct the parameters of the training load regime for accelerating the body functionality in the process of special power training.
It is stated that there is a general crisis condition of contemporary culture due to globalization and the resulting weakening of the ideological competence of the person. The peculiarities of this situation in sport are analysed. It is stressed the importance of the psychological component in adequate understanding by a person of the current state of things. It is noted the necessity of modernization of this component in the case of sports psychology, which involves the convergence of sport psychology with philosophy primarily with the philosophical anthropology and ethics. It is justified the possibility of "new psychology" of profound understanding of such fundamental issues in the theory of sports such as the essence of sports activities, nature of competitive relations, the impact of sports on personality, physical action of the athlete, psychological preparation of a person in sport.
The paper investigates the scientific impact of applied biomechanics research in artistic gymnastics. Therefore, biomechanics studies conducted from 2012 to 2014 and published so far were analysed. The learning macro-methods (M-ML) of gymnasts in basic specialization training stage (EPSB) were scientifically argued and practically applied. The biomechanics structure used video-computerized method and postural landmarks method, which identified, measured and analysed the technique key elements in vaults, uneven bars, balance beam and floor. The study results highlighted improved kinematic and dynamic parameters of the key elements of the analysed exercises technique by efficient use of M-ML in training. The analysis of the specialized literature compared with the performed studies reveals the research interest, citations, recommendations and reads. The scientific acknowledgment of publications in ResearchGate academic profile proves the efficiency of methodology application in preparation, which can serve as training method in gymnastics branches and related sports fields as well.
Background and Study Aim. The study intends to estimate the theoretical and applied perspectives of the Kinesiology discipline in the field of Sport and Physical Education science. Material and Methods. A total number of 127 subjects (students of the Physical Education and Sport Department in the University of Pitești) participated in this research. There are 59 students in Physical Education and Sport (PES), 37 in Sport and Motor Performance (SMP) and 31 in Physical Education and Sport Conversion (PESC). The research was conducted during COVID-19 pandemic, in the academic year 2021-2022. The teaching and evaluation activity in the Kinesiology discipline was carried out online by means of Zoom program. The monitoring of the teaching activity was done with the help of the university e-learning platform. The opinions of the subjects on the discipline taught and the assessment of the teaching staff by the students were analyzed using Google Forms questionnaire. The fundamental basic knowledge in Kinesiology was evaluated using the following indicators: S1 (periodically evaluated activities) = A1 (40%) +A2 (20%), final evaluation (FE) – examination (40%), S2 – sum of the fractions of grade obtained at the periodic evaluations and those from the final verification. Results. The analysis of the subjects’ opinions regarding the topic of the discipline taught reveals 5% moderate opinions, 16% - good and 79% very good ones. The evaluation of the basic fundamental knowledge in Kinesiology highlights the following values of the indicators: A1 (40%) – an average of 8.05 points between groups (p<0.01); A2 (20%) - an average of 7.95 points (p>0.05); S1 – an average of 4.81 points (p<0.05). The final evaluation (40%) in the exam shows an average of 3.36 points (p<0.01); S2 has 8.17 points (p<0.01); the final grade between groups has an average of 8.29 points, with differences of rounding in student’s favor (p<0.05). The analysis of students’ opinions concerning the teaching activity in Kinesiology discipline shows that 76% rate it as excellent, 14% - very good, 6.7% - good, 1.9% - satisfactory and 1.4% unsatisfactory (extracurricular activity). Conclusions. There were shown the subjects’ opinions on the Kinesiology discipline topics and the weight of meeting the minimum and maximum performance standards. The preferred or practiced sports chosen in the researched study programs were presented. The results of the evaluation of the basic fundamental knowledge highlight the value of the averages between groups for the evaluated indicators. These results also reveal the opinions of the students about the didactic activity carried out by the professor in the discipline studied.
The aim of the research is to scientifically justify the role of sport in eliminating the deformation of sport and the negative tendencies of the contemporary society development.Being an essentially agonistic activity, sport has a profound metaphysical dimension. In its existential space, beyond the obvious simplicity and clarity, in the deep layers of existence there are a multitude of processes and events that have, it can be said, a decisive influence on human destiny, and their analysis is a major task for the researcher who tends to understand the essence of sport, its social-cultural meaning and its possible historical mission. Obviously, this is also the task of any man who has devoted his life to sports: coach, sportsman.Sport is a great way of life and type of activity, extremely present in our times. It contains a prerequisite for enhancing the human competence of conception about the world, for the rehabilitation of contemporary society: to treat the diseases which are its own at present: impressive but indolent democracy, which has lost its orientation to the moral absolute, and therefore full of ochlocracy; infantile pluralism, from which it is only a step up to ethnocentrism and aggression; the juridical abstract nature of the human rights principles, which moves on the second plane the actuality of a supernormal, free, creative and truly moral facts; Finally, the primitive economic pragmatism that destroys the heights of human spirituality.
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